Andaman islands detailed data collection

Andaman islands: It is a group of islands between the Bay of Bengal and the Sea of Myanmar, located to the north of Dushi Strait. For a long time, North andaman islands, Central andaman islands and South andaman islands have been collectively referred to as Greater andaman islands. Other major islands include Landing Island, West Island and little andaman.

Andaman islands, Dushi Gorge and Nicobar Islands, collectively known as Andaman-Nicobar Islands, are Indian overseas territories.

Originally ruled by British India (1789 was occupied by Britain), India inherited this field after independence.

Andaman-Nicobar Islands is an overseas joint territory of the Indian Federation, located in the south of Myanmar, between the Bay of Bengal and the Sea of Myanmar (the Andaman Sea), 800 kilometers away from India. An archipelago in central andaman and nicobar islands, southeast of the Bay of Bengal.

Basic introduction Chinese name: mbth, andaman islands: andaman islands administrative region category: Indian overseas joint territory and dependency: Andaman-Nicobar Islands: Greater andaman islands, Little Andaman, etc. * * * Resident: port blair Location: Located between the Bay of Bengal and the Sea of Myanmar, north of Dushi Gorge, with an area of 6,408 square kilometers. Population: 379,900 (2065,438+065,438+0). Islands: Havelock Island, Neil Island, etc. Altitude: 732 meters. Organizational evolution, British India, Indian heritage, administrative division, geographical environment, natural resources, economy, population, nationality, aborigines, ethnic origin, indigenous characteristics. Andaman islands is located on the ancient trade route between India and Myanmar. Archibald Blair, Lieutenant of the Marine Corps of Bombay of the East India Company, visited here in 1789 and was occupied by Britain in 1789. It has long been the settlement of exiled political prisoners of all ethnic groups in British India, and later many mainlanders moved in. Port blair, the first European settlement in the islands, is located on the east coast of South Andaman Island and is now the capital of the central territory. The archipelago is a series of dome-shaped hills arranged in parallel from north to south. The saddle peak of North Andaman Island is as high as 737 meters (2,465,438+08 feet). There are few flat lands, only a few valleys, such as Bitampur and Dugrip Poole. These islands are composed of tertiary sandstone, limestone and shale, which are deeply cut. The rock surface is covered with dense forests, and there is a large mangrove swamp in the north of North Andaman Island. There are few rivers all the year round, and insufficient water supply is a long-standing problem. India inherited the British rule over India, Myanmar and other countries, that is, the period of British India. Myanmar is classified as a province of British India, and andaman islands also belongs to British India. After the independence of India and Myanmar, India inherited this field. Later, East Pakistan (the predecessor of Bangladesh) became independent from India, but andaman islands still belonged to India. Administrative Division Andaman-Nicobar Islands is an overseas joint territory of the Indian Federation, located in the south of Myanmar, between the Bay of Bengal and the Sea of Myanmar (namely the Andaman Sea), 800 kilometers away from India. An archipelago in central andaman and nicobar islands, southeast of the Bay of Bengal. Andaman islands is one of the two islands under the jurisdiction of the central government. There are more than 300 islands (including 26 inhabited islands) with a land area of 6,408 square kilometers (2,474 square miles). The three big islands, namely North Andaman, Central Andaman and South Andaman, are adjacent to each other, and are collectively called Great Andaman Island. The little Andaman to the south of them is also very important. The main city of andaman islands is port blair. Deep-water seaport in the east of South Andaman Island, the capital of andaman islands and Nicobar Islands. Population is 30,000 (198 1). Located between the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea, it has an important strategic position. Established in 1789. Export timber, shells, coconuts, coconut kernels, rubber and betel nuts. Industries include wood processing (some of which are matchsticks), marine machinery and repair shops. It is 255km away from Kolkata 1, and 90km away from Madras 1,1. There are regular ships sailing between the islands and between India. There are air links with Calcutta. The maximum draft depth of the port is 9. 14m. The load density of water is 1025. The tidal range is 2.7 meters. Southwest and northeast winds prevail. Pilotage is not compulsory. Contact the harbour master with radio VHF channel 16. Vacation. See also Mumbai. Working hours: 8: 00- 17: 00, overtime is allowed, and ships can only enter the port during the day. Port service facilities include: ship repair, refueling, dry dock, medical treatment, traction, fresh water supply, no ship, supply, repatriation and sewage facilities. The port is an excellent haven with a water depth of 3.7-45.7 meters. There is an approach channel on the north and south sides of Ross Island. The southern channel is shallow, and most ships enter the port from the northern channel. There are two wharves in the harbor: Chatham Island Wharf with water depth of 9. 14m and Hadu Wharf with water depth of 9. 14m. Geographical Environment andaman islands is a group of islands between the Bay of Bengal and the Sea of Myanmar, which is located in the north of Dushi Gorge and belongs to India. It is separated from the mainland by the Preparis Strait in the north, about 220 kilometers away. The Nicobar Islands are separated from the south by a strait of 10 degrees, which together with the administrative division of the Nicobar Islands constitute the central territory of India, collectively known as the Andaman-Nicobar Islands. * * * There are 204 islands, mainly distributed in the little Andaman in the north, middle and south, and some islands have no permanent population. With an area of 646 1 km2, the largest island is the central part of Andaman Island. The population is about158000 (1981). There are many volcanoes and hills here. Sadr Peak on North Andaman Island is 750 meters above sea level. These islands are arranged in a long string, from north to south, 467 kilometers long. The harbor is tortuous and the waterways are different. The main city and seaport is port blair (also the capital of the autonomous region). It is hot and humid all year round, with an annual precipitation of more than 2000 mm. Moreover, there are few rivers with water all the year round, making water supply difficult. Forests account for 86% of the total area, and the specialty is mahogany. At 08: 39 on May 22, 20 19, an earthquake of magnitude 5.4 occurred in andaman islands (north latitude 13.80 degrees, east longitude 93.0 1 degree) with a focal depth of 20 kilometers. The natural resources island has lush trees, including Andaman redwood, chestnut, mahogany, walnut and oak. Andaman mahogany is a good material for architecture, shipbuilding and furniture. There are many trees that provide a good home for animals. But animals don't like to settle here. There are only about 20 kinds of animals on the island. There are small wild boars that can eat meat, long-tailed civet cats, bats and some mice. These animals account for 4/5 of the mammals on the island, in addition to imported monkeys and dugong (mermaid) in the Andaman Sea. To the comfort of the people on the island, there are many fish on the island, and many species are owned by Andaman Hite. Marine fish is also rich, which is one of the main sources of supply in Calcutta market. The economy is dominated by agriculture, and the crops are cereals, beans, coconuts, betel nuts, fruits, cassava, peppers and turmeric. There is also a small amount of industry. There are only roads on South Andaman Island, and an inter-island ship route connects port blair with North, Central, South and Little andaman islands. Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, a great Indian revolutionary, was born in 19 1 1? 1937 was imprisoned in "Cell Prison" in port blair (1979 was declared as a national memorial). The population is about 240089 (199 1). Among the original inhabitants of the population ethnic group, only the Galois and Wenge people living in South Andaman Island, Rutland Island and little andaman still retain their traditional hunting and gathering lifestyles. Nicobar is a traditional language in Nicobar Islands and a very unique language in South Asian language family. Andaman islands's language is unique and has no homologous relationship with the languages of the Asian continent. Ethnic minorities are mainly Karen, Bangladeshi and short black people. Population: 3 14084. Historians of racial origin believe that these blacks lived on the islands of Southeast Asia more than 2,000 years ago, but now most of the islands have more than 1 10,000 blacks, but there are only about 500 at present. They are the only paleolithic survivors on earth now. Because they are remote and almost isolated from the world, their body shape and culture have not changed significantly over time. They eat grass roots and wild fruits, and they can't farm. The dog that looks exactly like them is their only animal. The primitive square arrow is the weapon they use. They fished with a four-toothed harpoon and hunted wild boar with a temporarily tied harpoon rod. Sometimes, they take some iron from the wrecked ship and make it into arrows, knives and hoes. People have known the existence of andaman islands for a long time. The Arab traveler in the 9th century and Kyle Poirot in13rd century talked about andaman islands. At that time, Kyle Poirot's name was Andaman Ann Gamani. /kloc-in the 0/5th century, some people called it "Golden Island". 1789 In September, Captain Blair was ordered by Bangladeshi * * * to establish a penal colony on South Andaman Island in the southeast bay of andaman islands. This exile was then known as Cornwallis Port. Two years later, the Bangladeshi anti-exile camp, together with its name "Kanghuali", moved to the northeast of andaman islands. 1844, two warships "Britten" and "Lumengmeng" were wrecked near the islands. The aborigines thought they were attacking them and killed everyone on board. Such things often happen. To stop this from happening. Britain decided to occupy these islands. 1855, they made a plan of colony and exile. However, due to the Indian mutiny of 1857, the project was disrupted. In order to punish the prisoners in the mutiny, Britain established a new exile near port blair at the beginning of 1858. 1March 942, the Japanese invaded Andaman. 1945 10, India got it back. With the influx of immigrants from Bangladesh, Myanmar and British Guiana, the population of the islands is increasing and gradually prospering. The characteristics of aborigines Many people must have seen the stories of lilliputian and adult countries. Have you ever met anyone in Lilliput? The shortest race in the world lives in andaman islands! Their average height is less than 1.20 meters, and the average height of men is less than 1.5 meters. Both men and women are not used to wearing clothes. But * * * body. Their faces are big, their noses are straight, their hair is black but not long, and their skin is as black as paint. When they open their mouths and laugh, their white teeth look dazzling. An explorer named Gao Man Palo described them like this in his book Insight into the East: "They have a dog's head, teeth and eyes. They are cruel and want to eat people. Therefore, this indigenous people are also called "dog-faced people". Anthropologists found that there were few residents on the island. They are rude and ignorant people like children. These ignorant people are very small (men are less than five feet), with dark skin and curly hair; Its cross section is very flat; Because they have the habit of shaving their hair, readers can supplement it with imagination. However, although they are similar to African blacks in these respects, they are also different from African blacks. Their skulls are neither narrow nor wide nor round. The lips are not that thick, the nose is not that wide, and the chin is not as strong as that of black Africans. Anatomists believe that the residents of Andaman Island may be the remnants of a very early human tribe and may be the best representative of the primitive black type, which has changed in all aspects since it spread to many parts of the world. Indigenous Andaman, an Indian minority in South Asia. Living in andaman islands. The number is very small. It belongs to nigro-Australian race (black race) and nigri Toto type. Andaman is used, and the language family is uncertain. Nothing to say. Believe in ghosts and witchcraft, fear the forest, fear the ocean, fear diseases, and fear the "ghosts" of ancestors. The Andaman people were originally divided into 10 tribes, and each tribe occupied a certain area. Under the tribe, it is divided into several local groups, which are under the jurisdiction of the leaders. Preserve the remnants of the matriarchal system. The affairs within the group are handled by older men and women. There is no law. Those who endanger the lives and property of others shall be retaliated by the victims themselves or their common relatives and friends. Make a living by gathering, fishing and hunting. The tools used are very primitive. You can make rough pottery, canoes, and weave baskets with bamboo sticks, vines and creeping weeds. I don't know how to domesticate livestock. Monogamy is practiced. There is no appellation to express all kinds of relatives, and people usually call them by their first names. Generally, they don't wear clothes. Men and women shave their heads, like tattoos all over their bodies, and wear belts, armbands, bracelets and necklaces made of bones, shellfish, wood and bamboo, leaves and vines. Andaman girl, a native of Andaman-Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal, belongs to the Tuo people in negri, and the Saman people in Malaysia and the Pygmies in the Philippines also belong to this race. The Andaman people got rid of tribal habits and accepted the lifestyle of modern Indians, especially the residents of the three islands are collectively called the Great Andaman. However, in the smaller islands such as South Andaman, Rutland and Little Andaman, the traditional culture still exists. About 1000 people speak Andaman. Until the middle of the19th century, the Andaman people lived far away, were extremely xenophobic and killed all outsiders, and there was no obvious change in material or cultural aspects. The remaining tribes don't know how to farm yet, and they only live by hunting and gathering. It is the only nation that doesn't know how to make a fire. The historical and cultural name "Andaman" comes from Handuman, which is the Malay name of Ha Numan, the Indian monkey god. In China's ancient book "andaman islands", there is an earlier record of the islands. Among them, the journey described in the Book of Changes in "A Biography of Buddhist Monks in the Western Regions of Datang" records the Nicobar Islands, which is called "Luo Renguo", and refers to the demand for iron for coconut, banana and rattan and bamboo utensils on the island, which is as big as two fingers of iron can be exchanged for five to ten coconuts. He also said that the residents of the island wear clothes, and women only cover their shapes with leaves, even if businessmen give them clothes. I still remember that the residents on the island are "not black in color, but moderate in quantity", and "Luha" (iron) is the most precious. If the other party doesn't want to make a deal, it will put a poisonous arrow to kill the other party. Zhao, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote in the article "A Mixed Country at Sea": "Yan is a barbarian country. If you go against the wind, you will drift to a place called Yan. There is a big island in the sea, with two mountains, one big and one small. Its hills are completely deserted, and its mountains are seven miles in Fiona Fang. People in the mountains are like black paint and will eat people. The crew were afraid to go ashore. There is no iron in the mountains, and all of them use clam shells as blades. " It also means that there is a sacred golden bed on the island, with a dead man on it, protected by a big snake and immortal from generation to generation. It also means that there are wells on the island that will flow out holy water, and the sand that flows through will turn into gold. In "Ying Ya Sheng Lan", Ceylon called it "Eucalyptus Tuman Mountain", which means "from Maoshan Mountain to the south, the wind is good, and it will travel northeast in three days. You see Cuilan Mountain in the sea. There are three or four mountains, and only one is the highest, which is called "Eucalyptus Tuman Mountain". It also means that people on the island "nest in caves, naked men and women, without an inch of silk, like animals." The soil cannot produce rice, eat sweet potatoes, jackfruit, banana seeds and the like, or fish and shrimp in the sea. " It is also said that local people will get ulcers if they have inch cloth around them. The reason is that Buddha's clothes were stolen by islanders in this bathing place before, so he was cursed not to wear clothes.