Influence of sandstorm weather

Sandstorm is an extreme weather process, which organically connects the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, snow and ice sphere and biosphere through the formation, transportation and settlement of dust, and has become one of the important and key links in studying global change and its environmental effects. During the sandstorm, a large number of dust aerosols were discharged into the atmosphere. It is estimated that the annual dust aerosol entering the atmosphere in the world reaches 10 ~ 10 tons, accounting for almost half of the total aerosol in the troposphere. These aerosols directly affect the radiation balance of the earth-atmosphere system, affect the regional and global climate through radiation forcing effect, or affect the global water cycle as condensation nuclei of clouds. The research shows that fine sand particles with a particle size less than 100 micron can rise to a height of 6 kilometers, and the horizontal transportation can reach 6,000 kilometers or even more. The long-distance transportation and final settlement of dust particles will have an impact on the marine ecological environment and the environment of other countries. There is evidence that sandstorms will affect marine primary productivity, global chemical cycle and carbon cycle efficiency through "iron fertilizer effect". Dust falling on glaciers and snow covers will affect the melting speed of glaciers and snow covers by changing the ground albedo or absorbing solar radiation. The direct or indirect climate effects produced by the above-mentioned dust aerosols ultimately affect climate change.

Sandstorm is one of the worldwide meteorological disasters, which directly destroys the ecological environment, endangers human health and affects social and economic development. In the 1930s, sandstorms broke out in the United States, endangering 2/3 of America's land area and triggering an ecological migration tide of 2.5 million people. After that, 3 million people were invested in sand control and the American Soil and Water Conservation Act was promulgated. Northern China is one of the areas with frequent sandstorms. According to statistics, the average annual number of sandstorm days in China exceeds 10, and some areas exceed 20 days. The economic losses are staggering. 1In an SDS incident in Gansu on May 5, 993, 1 16 people were swept away, of which 85 people died, 3 1 person was missing, and 264 people were injured, resulting in a direct economic loss of 725 million yuan. In 20 10, China's "Regulations on Meteorological Disaster Prevention" listed sandstorms as one of the thirteen major meteorological disasters. Sandstorms with the same intensity and scope occur in different areas, resulting in great differences in losses: the more developed the economy and society, the greater the losses; The stronger the ability of prediction and defense, the smaller the loss. Sandstorm has an important causal relationship with human activities and climate change. The interference of human activities on the ground provides abundant dust sources for sandstorms, and the sandstorm process will seriously erode the homes on which human beings depend, forming a social phenomenon that sand enters and sand retreats.