Who knows who is the developer of Xihu Garden Community in gutang Road, Songling Town, Wujiang?

There is a mysterious ancient road in the alpine valley of Hengduan Mountains and in the jungle grass of the "triangle" between Yunnan, Sichuan and Tibet. It is one of the highest ancient roads of civilization and cultural exchange in the world, a non-governmental international trade channel with caravan as the main means of transportation, and a corridor for economic and cultural exchanges among ethnic groups in southwest China. The ancient tea-horse road is a very special place name and the most spectacular natural landscape in the world.

The ancient tea-horse road originated from the tea-horse exchange in the southwest frontier of ancient times, and flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, Ming and Qing Dynasties and the middle and late World War II. Because Kang and Tibet belong to the alpine region, the altitude is above three or four kilometers. Ciba, milk, ghee, beef and mutton are the staple foods of Tibetans. In the alpine region, you need to eat high-calorie fat, but there are no vegetables, it is hot and dry. Excessive fat is not easy to decompose in the human body, and tea can not only decompose fat, but also prevent dryness and heat. Therefore, Tibetans have created the plateau lifestyle habit of drinking butter tea in their long-term lives, but tea is not produced in Tibetan areas. In the mainland, both civil servants and military campaigns need a large number of mules and horses, but the supply is in short supply, while Tibetan areas and the border areas of Sichuan and Yunnan produce good horses. As a result, tea-horse complementary trade, that is, "tea-horse mutual market" came into being. In this way, mules, horses, furs and medicinal materials produced in Tibetan areas and Sichuan-Yunnan border areas, tea, cloth, salt and daily utensils produced in Sichuan-Yunnan, etc. It flows from south to north among the mountains in Hengduan mountain area, and prospers with the development of social economy, forming the "ancient tea-horse road" that continues to this day.

The ancient tea-horse road is divided into Sichuan-Tibet and Yunnan-Tibet, connecting Sichuan-Yunnan-Tibet and extending to Bhutan, Sikkim, Nepal, India and the Red Sea coast of West Asia and West Africa. The ancient tea-horse road in Yunnan and Tibet was formed in the late 6th century. It starts from Simao and Pu 'er, the main tea-producing areas in Yunnan, passes through today's Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Lijiang area and Shangri-La, then enters Tibet and goes straight to Lhasa. Some also re-exported India and Nepal from Tibet, which was an important trade channel between ancient China and South Asia. Pu 'er is a unique commodity producing area and transit distribution center on the ancient tea-horse road with a long history.

the Silk Road

Tea was introduced into Central Asia, and it is said that it was transported to Central Asia by the Hui people in the 6th century. But there is no evidence that there are traces of tea on the ancient Silk Road. However, after the mid-Tang Dynasty, the tea drinking habits in the Central Plains spread to the border areas where ethnic minorities such as Tibetans and Uighurs gathered, which objectively created conditions for the spread of tea to Central Asia and West Asia. During this period, people living in Central Asia and West Asia should know something about tea.

/kloc-In the 20th century, when Mongolian caravans came to China for trade, they brought China's tea bricks from China to Central Asia via Siberia. In the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongols made an expedition and established a great empire across Europe and Asia. With the introduction of Chinese civilization, tea began to be consumed in Central Asia and spread rapidly in Arabia and India. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the "Silk Road" in Xinjiang became the "Tea Road". Caravans crossed the Pamirs and exported China's tea to various countries.

Caoyuancha road

In the west, it was Russians who first introduced tea from China.

With the expansion of Mongols, the tea bricks carried by Mongolian cavalry aroused people's curiosity. The division of the vast Mongolian empire has fixed the tea drinking habits of nomadic people in Central Asia and Siberia. Relevant historical data prove that Russians heard about tea as early as 1567. Petrov and Aleshev, two Cossack leaders who had been to China in those days, once described an unknown and strange China drink, which was popular in southeastern Siberia and Central Asia at that time.

During the Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty (1679), China and Russia signed an agreement to import tea from China for a long time. In the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728), China and Russia formally signed the Treaty of Chaktu, and Chaktu became an international commercial port. Tea merchants in China left the Great Wall, passed through Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia today, and arrived in Chaktu to trade with Russian businessmen. China tea is popular in Russian society, and the tea trade is booming day by day, forming a unique Russian tea drinking culture.

In order to meet the growing domestic demand, after two years of Tongzhi (1863), Russians opened tea factories in Hankou, Fuzhou and Jiujiang. 1893, a tea teacher Liu from China was hired, and a group of skilled workers went to Georgia to teach tea planting and tea making technology. So far, Russia is still a big consumer of tea in the world.

/kloc-In the 20th century, when Mongolian caravans came to China for trade, they brought China's tea bricks from China to Central Asia via Siberia. In the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongols made an expedition and established a great empire across Europe and Asia. With the introduction of Chinese civilization, tea began to be consumed in Central Asia and spread rapidly in Arabia and India. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the "Silk Road" in Xinjiang became the "Tea Road". Caravans crossed the Pamirs and exported China's tea to various countries.

Haishang fork road

The spread of tea to Indo-China Peninsula has a long history, but large-scale exchange activities should begin with Zheng He's voyage to the West. During the twenty-eight years from the third year of Yongle (1405) to the eighth year of Xuande (1433), Zheng He made seven voyages to the West. Through more than 30 countries in Southeast Asia, West Africa and East Africa, trade and cultural exchanges with various places have been deepened. Zheng He's voyages to the Western Seas opened the way of Southeast Asian trade and promoted the development of trade with Southeast Asia. Fujian and Guangdong also began to immigrate to these areas, bringing tea seeds and drinking tea.

The spread of tea to East Africa began with Zheng He's voyage to the West. When Zheng He's fleet arrived at Gumugu garrison (now Mogadishu, Somalia). Qi Weiwang personally went to meet Huan and gave a banquet. Zheng He presented silk, pottery and tea to the king and princess.

/kloc-At the beginning of the 5th century, Portuguese merchant ships came to China for trade, and tea trade with the West began to appear. 16 10, the Dutch ship of the Dutch East India Company made its maiden voyage to transport China tea from Java to Europe. In A.D. 1668, the British East India Company was established to manage its own tea trade. At first, both the Netherlands and Britain imported tea indirectly from Java, Indonesia, and directly purchased tea from Fujian and Guangdong from 1689. Since then, China's tea exports have become increasingly prosperous.

To the east, it spread to today's Korean peninsula and Japan, the earliest time, starting from the Tang and Song Dynasties.

It is said that tea was planted in the Korean Peninsula in the middle of the 6th century, and its varieties were introduced by Zen Master Hua Yan Zongzhiyi when he was in Yan Jianhua Temple in North Korea. By the beginning of the 7th century, tea drinking had spread all over Korea. Later, with the help of the Tang Dynasty, Silla gradually unified the whole country. Dalian, the Silla envoy, brought China's tea seeds back to China in the late Taihe period in Tang Wenzong (reigned from 826 to 836) and planted them around Huayan Temple at the foot of Zhiyi Mountain. The history of growing tea on the Korean peninsula began in the third year of Xingde (AD 828). "When I entered the Tang Dynasty, I brought back tea seeds from Dalian, and the king made me grow geographical mountains. Tea has existed since the king of virtue, and as for this prosperity. " ("Three Kingdoms? Silla biography (volume 10)

China tea and tea culture were introduced into Japan through the spread of Buddhism. Monks studying in Japan are the most sincere. Yong Zhenyuan (805) In August, Yong Zhenyuan left Mingzhou for home with Yong Zhong and brought back tea seeds from Tiantai Mountain in Zhejiang. According to the secret records of Japanese Shintoism, tea seeds were first spread from China and planted next to Riji Shrine (now Riji Tea Garden) in Kyoto. Japanese monk Yongzhong returned to China with drunken people. Du Yongzhong has always had good tea. In April of the first year of Hong Ren (the 10th year of Yuanhe in Tang Xianzong, AD 8 15), when Han Qi, a great monk in the temple, passed by Brahma Buddhist Temple, Du Yongzhong personally cooked tea and presented it, and the emperor gave him a royal crown. The purest tea garden is the beginning of planting tea trees in Japan. Later, after repeated introduction by Rong and Yuanji, tea was popularized in Japan, forming a wonderful flower of Japanese tea ceremony.