Consulting Engineer Methods and Practice: Social Survey Methods

The main methods of social investigation

1. Literature survey method: Secondary data review method, by collecting relevant literature and extracting social information useful for social evaluation.

2. Questionnaire survey method: It is a standardized survey in the form of written questions, requiring all respondents to answer the same questions in a unified format.

Semi-open and semi-closed are commonly used: the investigator first gives several answers to a certain question, and the respondent’s choice and reasons.

Check: ①Wording; ②Structure; ③Method; ④Whether you will refuse; ⑤Whether there are questions with the same answers; ⑥Response time; ⑦Whether the entire survey content can be collected through the questionnaire

< p>3. Expert discussion method: society, human beings, economy, environmental protection, ecology, municipal planning, project management, psychology, statisticians.

4. Interview method: interview survey method, oral conversation.

1. Individual interview method: Individual interviews with project participants, project stakeholders and important information providers can help to understand the project’s ecological, natural resources, social, cultural, economic, political and other issues. Soft information such as the views, attitudes, perceptions and feelings of the target group.

It is divided into: informal interviews (unstructured interviews), key question interviews, and standardized interviews.

2. Group interview method: ① Select participants based on expert opinions or randomly, and invite representatives of specific groups; ② The host briefly explains the topic of the meeting, puts forward specific requirements for discussion, and strictly defines the scope; ③ The investigator maintains Neutral; ④ Create a free and democratic atmosphere, but do not allow refutation; ⑤ Record the opinions of each participant, record their own opinions and feelings as much as possible, and try to give everyone a chance to speak on each topic; ⑥ Leave time to talk after the meeting.

5. Participant observation method: As a member of the project target group, the investigator collects social information through hearing and seeing.

Suitable for smaller-scale projects

6. Experimental observation method: suitable for agriculture, forestry, immigration, poverty alleviation, and health care projects

7. On-site observation method: on-site observation method, which belongs to Investigate directly