Brief answer to social security course: What is social integration? What is social exclusion?

Social integration is an important concept in sociology, which was put forward by sociologist Durkheim, 195 1+0). During the period of 18- 19, the industrialization and urbanization of western society accelerated, and social transformation brought a series of new social problems. Suicide is one of the manifestations of social problems brought by industrial civilization, which has attracted the attention of sociologists. Durkhein believes that social integration is an important social cause of suicide. Social integration refers to the integration of a group of people into the mainstream society. Some studies have also found that social integration has an important positive effect on people's physical and mental health, organizational performance and even the healthy development of social economy.

Social exclusion means that the disadvantaged groups are excluded because of their age, gender, race, physical defects, social status and value orientation, and they have no access to channels, resources and opportunities for ordinary citizens to meet their daily needs. This kind of exclusion will occur in daily life and social system. For example, although new immigrants from Hong Kong are also Hong Kong residents, they are treated differently in terms of public housing policies, resulting in a poor living environment for many new immigrants. By French scholar Rene? Rene Lenoir put forward the concept of "social exclusion" for the first time, and it became popular in France, emphasizing the break between the individual and the whole society.

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