If people from two planets want to contact each other, can they communicate instantly?

There will be a moment when Mars will overtake the sun. At present, Mars is approaching the earth, so this year is considered as an excellent year of Mars exploration. China, the space agencies such as the United States, Europe and Russia have plans for Mars exploration, and in the future, mankind will usher in a period of "fire exploration".

The purpose of exploring Mars is to land on Mars and immigrate to Mars in the future. At that time, humans can establish a closed base on the surface of Mars, where they can simulate the ecological environment on the surface of the earth and live as if they were on the surface of the earth. However, at this time, if humans on Mars communicate with humans on Earth, there will be a delay problem, because Mars is too far away from the earth.

Mars is less than 55 million kilometers away from the Earth at the nearest time, and it is close to 4 million kilometers at the farthest time. Even if the communication signal is transmitted at the speed of 3, kilometers per second, it will take a long time. If you say a word on Mars, it will take 183.3 seconds for radio transmission to reach the Earth. That is to say, it will take more than three minutes for people on Earth to hear a sentence just said by people on Mars. If you are at the farthest distance, Then the radio signal will take 1333.3 seconds to arrive, which means it will take 22.2 minutes to hear the words from people on Mars, which is obviously very inconvenient.

is there a way to solve this problem? This may require the use of quantum entanglement. Quantum entanglement is a physical phenomenon that occurs purely in quantum systems, in which the elementary particles will have a certain state of * * *. For example, if two elementary particles belong to a quantum system, changing the state of one particle will also change the state of the other particle.

Take two electrons moving in opposite directions but at the same speed as an example. Even if they span the whole solar system, they will still keep their correlation. When the state of one electron changes, the state of the other will change almost at the same time. This is a phenomenon of quantum entanglement. Obviously, it can save a lot of time to transmit some information in this way than to transmit information by light and radio, because it will take 5 minutes to cross Neptune's circular orbit with the speed of light.

At present, it is impossible to tell how fast quantum entanglement is, and how far it can be effective. It is even impossible to specify this "ghostly action at a distance (Einstein's words)". It is generally believed that in the quantum world, when several particles interact with each other, the characteristics of each particle have been integrated into a whole, so it is impossible to describe the properties of a single particle separately, but only the whole system.

After this entangled technology matures, the communication between Mars and the Earth will no longer be a problem after human beings immigrate to Mars, and it should be possible to make instant phone calls and videos.