How many years has the history of Huaibei City been, and how was it formed?

In the pre-Qin period, Huaibei became one of the earliest agricultural areas in China because of its superior natural geographical environment, which was mainly manifested in the formation of settlements and cities, and the blending of crop varieties between the north and the south. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, with the popularization of iron farm tools, Niu Geng and advanced farming techniques, Huaibei's economy developed and prospered, becoming one of the famous economic zones in China at that time. The implementation of land reclamation system in Cao Wei and Western Jin Dynasty played a positive role in the recovery and development of local economy after the war. Huaibei belonged to Henan Road in Tang Dynasty, which was one of the most economically developed areas before the Anshi Rebellion. Huaibei was still an important economic zone in the Northern Song Dynasty. During the Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, whenever there was a war, the rulers also paid attention to persuading farmers to mulberry. Although Huaibei's economy is still developing slowly, on the whole, it has lost its former brilliant position. Huaibei's flat terrain, numerous rivers and dense lakes provide good natural conditions for the development of water conservancy and shipping. Tang Dou built water conservancy projects here in the Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties. During the Northern Song Dynasty, more attention was paid to restoring the original pond facilities. During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the attention paid to Huaibei water conservancy project declined. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the main energy was concentrated on river regulation, and more ditches and streams were dug in Huaibei to facilitate flood discharge, and farmland irrigation was rarely taken into account. From the Warring States to the Northern Song Dynasty, Huaibei has always had an important traffic position because of the shipping function of the tributary gorge on the north bank of Huaihe River. After the Jin Dynasty, the shallow siltation of Huaibei River and the opening of the Yuan Grand Canal made Huaibei gradually lose the benefits of shipping and transportation. There are many experiences and lessons in Huaibei water conservancy construction: the dispute over water storage and drainage, the lack of large-scale permanent projects, the invasion of the Yellow River and so on.

In ancient times, Huaibei was a natural disaster-prone area, with floods, droughts, locusts and the Yellow River seizing the Huaihe River. Compared with floods and droughts, there are more floods and droughts, especially in the later period. Among all kinds of natural disasters, the continuous flooding of the Yellow River has the greatest impact on Huaibei. It has changed the natural ecological environment of Huaibei, caused great losses to people's resources and worsened the breeding conditions. The frequent occurrence of natural disasters in Huaibei is mainly caused by the deterioration of climate, physical geography and ecological environment, in which human beings have played a disgraceful role. The frequent occurrence of natural disasters, which become increasingly serious in the later period, is another important reason for the social and economic recession in Huaibei.

Huaibei is also a frequent place for ancient immigrants. One of the backgrounds of its migration is war. Huaibei, located in the eastern part of China, is a key area in the struggle for separatist regimes between the north and the south, with an important military geographical position. Peasant uprisings and peasant wars frequently occurred in history. Huaibei has suffered from war for a long time, and its social economy has suffered great damage. If Huaibei moved up democracy in history, it was mainly forced by war if it moved abroad. Because of natural disasters, there is also the phenomenon of population emigration. Immigrants reduce the number of registered permanent residence in Huaibei, which leads to the shortage of labor and limits the development of social production. Immigrating to Huaibei in the early Ming Dynasty promoted the recovery and development of Huaibei economy, but due to improper handling, it also brought social problems such as people fleeing and refugees.

Huaibei's economy began to decline from prosperity in the Northern Song Dynasty. In addition to the above reasons, there are also reasons such as moving the capital, diverting the canal, and ethnic minorities attacking the rule. Huaibei culture also had a glorious period, but it also gradually fell behind with the economic recession. The rise and fall of ancient Huaibei economy still has a great influence on modern Huaibei. The problem of refugees and bandits in modern Huaibei is serious, and Huaibei in modern times is still a relatively backward area in economy.