Please introduce the history of Shenzhen in detail.

Shenzhen Special Economic Zone has only been developing for 30 years, but it has a history of human activities of more than 6,700 years. In the middle of Neolithic Age, Baiyue and other aborigines lived in Shenzhen. Shenzhen has a county history of 1700 years, a history of Nantou City and Dapeng City of 600 years, and a history of Hakka immigration of 300 years. The urban history of Shenzhen is 65,438+0,673 years. As early as 1600 years ago, there was an immigration tide in Shenzhen, and mainlanders made great contributions to the development of Xin 'an. Among the six counties under the jurisdiction of Dongguan County, Bao 'an County is the first one. County governance and county governance are in the same place, and it is an important transportation hub for rivers and seas and a military town for coastal defense. Xin 'an Old Town has created the source of Shenzhen's urban development and become the center of Shenzhen's political, economic and cultural life. Historical changes are often manifested as "long separation, long separation". So is the development and change of Xin 'an Old Town. In the sixth year of Jian 'an (507), Dongguan County was changed to Dongguan County, and Chenqian County was located in Zengcheng. In the second year from Tang Suzong to Germany (757), the name of Baoan County was changed to Dongguan, and the county administration moved from Nantou to Dongguan.

During the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Shenzhen was a foothold of Baiyue tribe's voyage to the West. The people living in the dune valley along the coast of Shenzhen are the Nanyue tribe, a branch of Baiyue tribe. They make a living by fishing and sailing, and seldom cultivate the land.

Since Qin Dynasty, it has been the land of Guangdong. After Qin Shihuang unified China, in 2 14 BC, Nanhai, Guilin and Xiang Jun counties were established in Lingnan, and 500,000 people in Qin moved to develop. At that time, Shenzhen, which belonged to Nanhai County (Guangzhou was ruled by the county), was integrated into the Central Plains culture of the Qin Dynasty and later became the land of South Vietnam. The Dahan Empire and the Eastern Han Dynasty belonged to Nanhai County, Jiaozhou (which governed most of Guangdong, Guangxi and Vietnam). Before the county was established in the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to Yuedi and Nanyue (South Vietnam).

By the Five Dynasties, after the Song and Yuan Dynasties, some changes had taken place in the administrative subordination of Shenzhen. The Nantou City we see today is the "Dongguan Shouqianhu City" built by Cui Hao, a thousand households in Guangzhou, in the 27th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1394). In the first year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1573), Xin 'an County was established in Dongguan County, and this city was the county seat. According to archaeological discoveries in recent years, Shenzhen has a history of 6000 years. According to the data of underground archaeological excavations and ancient sites on the ground, Shenzhen has a long history. The pottery and stone tools found in the ruins of Dahuangsha and Dameisha dunes show that human beings lived in this beautiful and rich land as early as the Neolithic Age five or six thousand years ago. Created the glorious history and culture of Shenzhen. At present, it has been identified that there are cultural sites 103, 234 ancient tombs, 68 ancient buildings and historical memorial buildings, 97 modern historical sites and revolutionary memorial buildings, and old customs stations and boundary pillars 12 in Shenzhen. After screening, the municipal government announced 36 cultural relics protection units in three batches. Among them, Dapeng City and the boundary pillar of Zhongying Street were recognized as provincial cultural relics protection units by the provincial government on 1989. Shenzhen is located in the south China sea coast, with coconut wind and sea rhyme, fine waves and white sand, and pleasant scenery. It has always been regarded as "the south gate of China, a scenic spot connecting the land". Since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Shenzhen has played an important role in politics, culture, economy, transportation and coastal defense. Archaeological data prove that as early as five or six thousand years ago in the Neolithic Age, human beings worked, lived and multiplied in this beautiful and rich land of Shenzhen. Since the Qin Dynasty, Baiyue residents in Shenzhen have been under the control of feudal centralization, and the Han Dynasty set up salt officials in Shenzhen. Tombs of the Han Dynasty have been found in Nantou, Xixiang, Shajing, Dapeng and Lizheng villages in Hong Kong. Judging from the funeral and unearthed cultural relics, the advanced Central Plains culture had been integrated at that time. The Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties lasted for more than 250 years, which was the heyday of Shenzhen. Located in Dongguan County, it leads to six counties such as Baoan and Xingning. Its jurisdiction covers the Pearl River Delta and Huiyang area. Bao 'an County at that time was probably Dongguan, Shenzhen and Hong Kong today. In the Tang Dynasty, Shenzhen waters became the hub of maritime traffic. Nantou has a town, and there are soldiers in Lingnan Festival; In the Song Dynasty, the "Sea Patrol Division Camp" was established.

Shenzhen, an important hub of southern maritime trade in Song Dynasty, belongs to Xiangshan County, Guangzhou. Rich in salt and spices. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was also famous for producing pearls.

Guangzhou Road in Yuan Dynasty and guangzhou fu in Ming Dynasty. The predecessor of Shenzhen was once named Xin 'an County. In A.D. 1573, the Ming government of China expanded the garrison base of thousands of households in Dongguan, established Xin 'an County, and built a county to govern Nantou, covering the present Shenzhen and Hong Kong. The economy is dominated by salt, tea, spices and rice.

The Ming Dynasty was the ZTE period in the history of Shenzhen. In the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1394), Nantou Dongguan was built to defend Qianhu City, and Dapeng was built to defend Qianhu City. Later, Nantouzhai was established to form a military organization, which was called "the garrison outside Humen and the provincial capital Pingfan" to resist foreign invaders such as corona and pirates. In the 16th year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (152 1), the soldiers and civilians of Nantou, led by Wang Hong, a sea patrol, annihilated the Portuguese fleet in the waters of Nantou. By the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, the number of residents in Xin 'an County had reached 225,979. The population has increased greatly, and agricultural production, fishery and salt industry have developed greatly.

In the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to guangzhou fu, and it was widely used. From July 1842 to April 1898, the Chinese, British and Qing governments successively signed the treaty of nanking, the Beijing Treaty and the Special Provisions for Expanding the Territory of Hong Kong, and Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories were ceded and leased to Britain. So far, of the 3,076 square kilometers of land originally belonging to Xin 'an County,1055,438+0 square kilometers are not within its jurisdiction, and Shenzhen and Hong Kong have been divided and ruled since then.

In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Xin 'an County was renamed Baoan County, and the administrative office was still located in Nantou City. During the period from the old democratic revolution to the new democratic revolution, the people of Shenzhen wrote an epic chapter for national liberation. In particular, Dongjiang Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Column is active in Huidong and Baodi, cracking down on Japanese invaders and escorting cultural figures trapped in Hong Kong to the liberated areas, which has made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings.

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, Nantou fell, and the Baoan county government temporarily moved to Dongguan county. 1953, because Shenzhen is connected with the Guangzhou-Kowloon Railway, with a large population and prosperous industry and commerce, Zhidong in Baoan County moved to the Shenzhen market, which is 0/0 km away from Nantou/kloc.

1In March, 979, the central authorities and Guangdong Province decided to change Baoan County into Shenzhen City, under the dual leadership of Guangdong Province and Huiyang District. 165438+ 10 In October, the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee decided to change Shenzhen into a provincial capital city.

1980 On August 26th, the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) approved the establishment of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. Now, that day has been affectionately called "Shenzhen Birthday" by the world.

On August 26th, the 15th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fifth NPC passed the Regulations of Guangdong Special Economic Zone proposed by the State Council, and approved the establishment of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone.

1981March, Shenzhen was upgraded to a sub-provincial city.

1From February 24th to 26th, 984, Deng Xiaoping visited Shenzhen for the first time and wrote an inscription for Shenzhen: "The development and experience of Shenzhen prove that our policy of establishing special economic zones is correct."

1988165438+10. In October, the State Council approved Shenzhen as a city under separate state planning, and granted it the economic management authority equivalent to the provincial level.

1 990 65438+February1,the second stock exchange in new China was born.

1992 made an extremely important talk during his second in-depth inspection: planned economy is not equal to socialism, market economy is not equal to capitalism, and the surname of the SAR is "she" but not "zi".

1In February, 1992, the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) granted the Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress, its Standing Committee and the municipal government the power to formulate local regulations.

In 2004, Shenzhen became the first city in China without rural areas and farmers.