Who is the founder of Qi Opera and who are its famous actors?

Qi Opera originated from Yiyang Opera, which was introduced to Qiyang in the early Ming Dynasty and gradually formed after being merged with local art. It is said that during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty (1403- 1424), Yiyang tunes spread to Qiyang with Jiangxi immigrants, and gradually spread and localized. During Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty (about 1465 ~ 1487), Yiyang Opera was gradually localized by combining with rich local folk arts. During the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, Kunqu Opera and Kunqu Opera repertoire were absorbed by the operas in Qiyang area after Kunshan Opera became popular all over the country. After Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Qi Opera successively integrated Hui, Han and Qin tunes to form a drama tune (North-South Road). With the increase of vocal cavity, the repertoire and performing arts of Qi Opera are increasingly rich, and it has gradually developed into a multi-vocal drama with bullet cavity as the main part. During the reign of Kang Gan in the Qing Dynasty, the society was peaceful and the economy was prosperous. The people lived and worked in peace and contentment, the officialdom chose songs, and the people paid god for acting, which became a social fashion for a while. In the late Qing Dynasty, Jiangxi and Fujian called Qiyang Opera "Chun 'an Opera". During the Republic of China, it was called "Qiyang Opera", which was named after its development in Qiyang area. After the founding of New China, it was named "Qi Opera", which has three kinds of vocals: Gao, Kun and Tan, and is divided into Yonghe and Baohe schools. Its artistic feature is sonorous and rough, with strong Shan Ye flavor. However, the stage language is unified with the standard Qiyang Mandarin.

Yiyang Opera's earliest repertoire is Mulian Biography, which is called the ancestor of Qi Opera. In the late Ming Dynasty, Qi Opera has become a popular drama in Hunan. According to the Records of Qiyang County and the Nine-year Art of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, Qiyang had a relatively sound troupe activity system at the end of the Ming Dynasty.

Gao Qiang is the earliest vocal cavity of Qi Opera. In the late Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty, Qi Opera gradually formed a drama cavity (North-South Road) after integrating Hui, Han and West Huang Tiao. During the development of post-drama, South Road was influenced by the exchange of Yihuang drama. With the changes of its popularity, repertoire and performing arts, its vocal forms are increasingly rich.

During the Kanggan period in the Qing Dynasty, the Qi Drama Club had a great spread and development, covering Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi and Fujian provinces. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, the famous Qi Opera Club included Jixiang Class and Laosi Happy Class. After Xianfeng and Tongzhi (1851-kloc-0/874), Qi opera developed in an all-round way, and many new drama clubs, plays and famous artists emerged constantly.

At that time, there were three kinds of classes: ordinary classes, middle classes and Jianghu classes. The average artist stayed in the department for three years before completing the normal degree, and all the activities during the period were in the class. The morning shift is active in Baishui, Lingling, Guizhi and Qiyang. Second, the middle class. Generally, apprentices have to help teachers for another three years after leaving the department. During this period, apprentices still sang while learning opera to earn microwave income. This period is called "middle class". Third, the Jianghu class. The earliest Jianghu class was Lao Chunhua, who performed in Wugang area during Kangxi period. During the Qianlong period, there were classes such as Fang Qing class, Ruihua class and Xinxitang class. During Guangxu period, famous classes such as Rong Qing Class and Laoyonghe Class appeared. Sixi Class, Rong Qing Class, Laoyonghe Class and Tianxianyuan in the late Qing Dynasty are collectively called "Four Famous Classes".

On the evening of September 6th, 2006, Gannan Qi Troupe performed the Qi Opera "Picking Jade Bracelets" in Nanchang Jiangxi Hotel, with Hong Yuling as the role, Zhang Shaoting as Fu Peng and Zhong Yulan as Liu. After the performance, Premier Zhou warmly applauded and congratulated the performance on its success. The next day, Premier Zhou met the cast members at Jiangxi Hotel. He was very happy when he learned that Qi Opera originated from the chairman's hometown. He immediately raised his right hand and said brightly, "Well, to develop Qi Opera, we should develop Qi Opera".

Dan Xiao, a famous Qi opera actor, participated in the national drama performance in Beijing, and played Wang Zhaojun in "Zhao Jun goes out to the fortress", which was well received by the audience. At the Capital Theatre Council, Guo Moruo said: "Qi Opera is the second best drama in China".

Qi troupes from all over Hunan have come to Beijing many times to participate in national cultural performances. Mei Lanfang once said to outstanding actors such as Deng Hankui, a Qi opera actor, "Qiyang's children are all over the world".