The United States was colonized by Britain in history.

Society: The production of colonies is the origin of low-grade raw materials such as crops, industrial raw materials and handicrafts, and high-end industries are restricted.

Farmers' cottage industry is the most common industry in the colonies. Every household has hand-cranked spinning wheels and hand-cranked looms to weave flax and flax-wool blended fabrics. At the same time, there are a large number of independent craftsmen all over the countryside and towns. In the late colonial period, handicraft workshops were initially established and developed.

The largest industrial sectors in North America are shipbuilding, seafood manufacturing and wood processing. New England is the largest industrial base, and the shipbuilding cost is 30 ~ 40% lower than that in Europe. 13 of Britain's merchant ships were made in the colonies, and 3/4 of the colonial merchant ships were made by themselves. During the 65438+60s, North American colonies could build 300 ~ 400 ships every year.

The wool textile and metallurgical industry, which was restricted by Britain, established some wool textile workshops in Philadelphia, Lancaster and other big cities not long before independence, and mined some copper and iron ore in New England, but it developed rapidly.

1775, there were more ironmaking furnaces in the colony than in England and Wales combined, and the output of pig iron reached 30,000 tons, worth about 600,000 pounds. In addition, the various wine-making and glass industries in the colonies also developed greatly.

Economy: Trade in the colonies was controlled by Britain, and commerce was restricted. A large number of daily necessities in the colonies came from Britain and were forced to consume British products.

Before independence, the United States was an economic vassal of Britain, an industrial product sales market and a raw material supply base. The core content and basic contradiction of Anglo-American economic relations is the struggle between the suzerain's restriction and the colonial anti-restriction, which runs through the colonial period.

British immigrants settled in North America for the following reasons:

At that time, there were five colonies in the world: Caribbean Islands, Latin America, Africa, East India and North America.

Caribbean Islands: This place is suitable for plantations, but not for large-scale immigration.

Latin America: This place is the most developed area in the New World, divided by Portugal and Spain, pioneers of the new air route. Although Britain fought against Spain and achieved the result of destroying the Spanish armada, it still lost, because Spain can build another armada in a few years, so Latin America is untouchable by the British.

Africa: to be precise, it is only a slave colony, but it cannot be immigrated.

East India: To be precise, there are only trading posts here, and they only do switch trade. The large-scale colonization of East India was in19th century, and thirteen colonies were in17th century and18th century. Not only that, it was Portuguese and Dutch territory, and it was too late for the British to intervene.

North America: This is a wasteland with good climate, which is suitable for immigrants to live in, but the income is very low, but it is undoubtedly the best choice for immigrants in this case.

Most Indians in North America are very friendly to colonists from Europe, because they have never seen it before, and it is very kind to meet people in such a big place in North America.

There are also some tribes that are very hostile to these colonists, but there are not many such tribes. Of course, this is only the beginning. When the British began to plunder their land and property, no one would be happy.

Most African slaves hated colonies, and most of them were free black prisoners. However, some slaves themselves are slaves or inferior people, but they are sold here. In plantations in North America, they are at least alive, so their sense of resistance is much worse.

Extended content

Colonial era

16-18th century, European powers established colonies in North America. The French established new France (including the lower reaches of the St. Lawrence River and the Mississippi River); The Spanish established the new Spain (including Mexico and a large area in the southwestern United States). ?

/kloc-At the beginning of the 7th century, Britain began to immigrate to North America. The first North American immigrants were mainly farmers who lost their land, hardworking workers and Puritans who were persecuted by religion.

1607, a colonial group of about 100 people was forced to return to Britain because of the cold. 1687, 9 1 man, 17 women and 9 children came. Jamestown was built on Schabik Beach, which was the first permanent colony established by Britain in North America. ?

In the next 150 years, many colonists came in and settled in the coastal areas, most of them came from Britain, and some came from France, Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland and other countries.

Most of the people who arrived in the colonies were poor working people in western Europe, but there were also nobles, landlords and bourgeoisie, among which the British, Irish, Germans and Dutch were the most.

Among the immigrants, there are people who escape from war and religious persecution, voluntary and involuntary "contract slaves", beggars and criminals; And black people trafficked from Africa.

1620, they took the Mayflower to North America and made the Mayflower Convention on board. On June165438+1October 2 1 day, the Puritans landed in Plymouth and signed the Mayflower Convention with 4 1 free adult men.

The content is to organize citizen groups; Drafting laws and regulations, etc. Lay the foundation of autonomous government.

In the colonial era, with the long-term war with Native American Indians, the serious shortage of labor produced slaves, contract slavery and other non-free labor, and the laissez-faire policy of the British government allowed the unique American spirit and culture to develop its uniqueness. The evil slave trade prevailed in America.

From 1607 to 1733, British colonists successively established thirteen colonies on the east coast of North America (Atlantic coast). /kloc-in the middle of the 0/8th century, the economy, culture and politics of the colony were relatively mature.

The colonial parliament still believed in King George III of England, but they pursued the same status as the British parliament and did not want to be second-class citizens of Britain. But at this time, after the end of the seven-year war between Britain and France, he was so eager to consolidate his territory that he imposed heavy taxes on the colonial people in North America. King George III of England changed his laissez-faire policy and advocated high-handed means.

This led to the resistance of the colonial people, such as "no taxation without representation", "Boston Massacre" and "Intolerance Act". ? 1775 In April, the "Fires of Lexington" started in Lexington and Concord, which started the American War of Independence.

Later, these colonies became the original thirteen independent states in North America.

Refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Early American History