What does the literature review include?

Question 1: What components does the form and structure of literature review generally include? Literature review is an information research achievement that researchers describe the research status of a problem in their own language on the basis of reading, selecting, comparing, classifying, analyzing and synthesizing the literature. The collection, arrangement and analysis of literature laid the foundation for the writing of literature review.

Literature review formats generally include:

Literature review and introduction:

Including the reason, significance, literature scope, text title and basic content overview;

Literature review text:

It is the main content of literature review, including history (seeking the development course of research problems), present situation, basic content (seeking the progress of understanding), analysis of research methods (seeking the reference of research methods), solved problems and remaining problems, and paying close attention to the current influence and development trend in detail, so that researchers can not only determine the research direction, but also facilitate others to understand the starting point and breakthrough point of this research, which is based on others' research.

Literature review conclusion:

The conclusion of literature research, summarizing my own research viewpoints, existing different opinions and problems to be solved.

Appendix to literature review:

List the references and explain the materials on which the literature review is based, so as to increase the credibility of the review and facilitate readers' further retrieval.

Question 2: What components does the form and structure of literature review generally include? 1. The topic should be concise and general. The number of words must not exceed 20 Chinese characters. If you have special requirements, you can add subtitles. 2. The abstract of the paper should summarize the content of the research topic in a concise form. The Chinese abstract should be about 300 words, and the English abstract should basically correspond to the Chinese abstract. 3. Keywords: choose 3-5 words or terms that can best express the main content from the title or text as keywords. 4. Content: The content should be concise and to the point. The title level is clear. The title in the table of contents should be consistent with the title in the text. 5. The introduction should explain the significance, purpose, main research contents, scope and problems to be solved. The introduction should be concise and to the point, and the number of words should be controlled within 400 words. 6. The text is a detailed statement of the research work, which generally consists of titles, words, charts, tables and formulas. This part should use all aspects of experimental results and research methods to analyze problems, demonstrate opinions, and try to reflect students' scientific research ability and academic level. 7. Conclusion The conclusion should summarize the situation and value of the work, analyze its advantages and characteristics, point out its innovations, and point out the existing problems and future improvement directions, especially the important problems encountered in the work, and put forward its own opinions. The conclusion should be simple and clear, not too long. 8. Reference is an indispensable part of graduation thesis (design), and it is also the author's recognition and respect for other people's knowledge achievements. The source of other people's opinions, original words and main data quoted in the article must be indicated at the end of the article. 9. Appendices (optional) For some contents that are not suitable to be put into the text, but are essential parts of graduation thesis (design) or have reference value, they can be compiled into appendices.

Question 3: What is the main content of the abstract? Literature review Literature review is a style different from research papers, which is composed of understanding, sorting, comprehensive analysis and evaluation after graduate students read the literature of a certain topic in advance. The purpose of the review is to reflect the new level, new trends, new technologies and new discoveries of a certain discipline. From its history to present situation, existing problems and development trend, we should make a comprehensive introduction and comment. On this basis, I put forward my own opinions, predict the development trend of technology, and lay a good foundation for topic selection and opening.

Writing a literature review generally goes through the following stages: selecting a topic, collecting and reading literature, drawing up an outline (including induction, collation and analysis) and writing.

I. Selecting topics and collecting reading literature

Literature review is usually written for some needs, such as selecting topics for academic conferences, engaging in a certain scientific research, and accumulating literature for a certain aspect. Therefore, the author is generally clear about the topic of literature review, not as difficult as the topic of scientific research. Literature review covers a wide range of topics, from a field or discipline to a disease, a method or a theory. For the first time, you can write a literature review according to your own needs, especially the topics selected by interns, so that the number of documents is relatively small and it is easy to summarize and sort out when writing. Otherwise, the topic is too big, which will affect the practice and make it difficult to summarize and sort out.

After selecting the topic, we should collect the related documents around the topic. The related methods of literature collection have been introduced in the previous chapters, such as reading monographs, yearbook, browsing, snowballing, retrieval and so on. , and will not be repeated here. The more complete the document collection, the better, so the most commonly used method is retrieval. After collecting the references related to the topic, it is necessary to read, summarize and sort out these references. It is very important to choose a representative, scientific and reliable research document from these documents. In a sense, the quality of reading and selecting documents directly affects the level of literature review. Therefore, when reading literature, you should write "reading notes", "reading experience" and "document extract card" Having one's own language to record the inspiration, experience and ideas gained in the reading process and extract the essence of the literature will not only provide useful information for writing a summary, but also help to train one's expression ability and reading level, especially organizing the literature into a document excerpt card, which is extremely beneficial for writing a summary.

Second, the format and writing

The format of literature review is different from that of general research papers. This is because research papers focus on research methods and results, especially positive results, while literature review requires readers to introduce detailed information, trends, progress, prospects and comments in the above aspects. Therefore, the format of literature review is relatively diverse, but generally speaking, it includes the following four parts: preface, theme, summary and references. When writing a literature review, you can write an outline according to these four parts, and then write according to the outline.

The preface mainly explains the purpose of writing, introduces related concepts and definitions, outlines the scope, and briefly explains the current situation or focus of debate of related topics, so that readers can have a preliminary outline of the problems to be described in the full text.

The theme part is the main body of the summary, and the writing methods are diverse and there is no fixed format. It can be summarized in chronological order and compared from different angles according to different problems. No matter which format is adopted, the collected documents should be summarized, sorted, analyzed and compared, and the historical background, present situation and development direction of related topics and comments on these issues should be made clear. In the theme part, we should pay special attention to representative, scientific and creative references and comments.

The summary part is somewhat similar to the summary of the research paper. It briefly summarizes the theme of the full text, and authors who have studied the summarized theme had better put forward their own opinions.

Third, the provisions of literature review.

1. In order to make the topic report have sufficient basis, master students are required to make a literature review before opening the topic.

2. In the literature review, graduate students should systematically consult the domestic and foreign literature related to their own research direction. Usually read no less than 30 articles.

3. In the literature review, graduate students should explain the development history of their research direction, the main research achievements of predecessors, existing problems and development trends.

4. Literature review should be clear and concise.

5. Use data appropriately and reasonably. References are enclosed in square brackets [].

Question 4: How to write a literature review? What do you need to include? There are a lot of materials about writing reviews in Baidu library. I downloaded one for you for your reference.

Question 5: What is the difference between literature review and literature abstract? Literature abstract is to directly extract the viewpoints in the literature, and to find out the main points of the literature. Literature review is to find out who has the same or similar views, who has different views and so on.

Question 6: What parts does a complete review include? A complete paper should include the following parts: title, author, abstract, keywords, text, references and thanks.

Question 7: What is a research summary? Research summary is based on the full collection, reading, analysis and consulting of relevant subject literature, to conduct in-depth research on a certain research topic in this field, and to systematically analyze and sort out the research progress, research status, research content, related characteristics, advantages and disadvantages and what research results have been obtained at home and abroad, so as to provide some reference for further researchers on this topic. Literature review is not a simple listing of various research results, but a description of related issues, comments and research issues in the researcher's own language. For the following researchers to further study.

Question 8: How to write a literature review? What are the key points and steps? How to format in the process of writing graduation thesis, the tutor usually asks the students to write an outline. As far as the writing procedure is concerned, it is a necessary preparation for the author before writing; As far as the outline itself is concerned, it is the concrete embodiment of the author's thoughts and articles. The so-called conception is to organize the design of the chapter structure of graduation thesis. Because the writing of graduation thesis is not like writing a poem, a short essay or a reading note, it is easy to get it easily, and express an idea and a feeling with a single material and a few phrases; Instead, we should use a lot of materials, more levels and strict reasoning to discuss, explain reasons and demonstrate opinions from all aspects. Therefore, it is very important to conceive a composition. To organize materials and arguments in an orderly manner, it is necessary to compile a writing outline. With a good outline, we can grasp the basic skeleton of the whole paper and make the structure of the paper complete and unified. We can distinguish levels, clarify key points, carefully plan the layout of articles, and organically unify general arguments and sub-arguments; You can also arrange, organize and use information according to the requirements of each part, decide on the choice and give full play to the role of information.

Some students are unwilling to write an outline, preferring to write the first draft directly. If you don't have an outline of the full text in your mind and are confused about the arguments, arguments and demonstration steps of the full text, it is very necessary and beneficial to write an outline, which has at least the following three benefits:

First, it can reflect the author's overall thinking. Outline is a kind of logic diagram composed of sequence codes and words, and it is a writing design diagram to help the author consider the logic of the whole article. Its advantage lies in that it is convenient for the author to grasp the overall situation of the paper structure, with clear levels, clear focus, conciseness and clarity at a glance.

Second, it is conducive to the echo of the paper. With the outline, we can establish the concept of the whole, and test the position and function of each part from the perspective of the whole, whether there is a logical connection between them, whether the space occupied by each part is commensurate with its position and function in the overall situation, whether the proportion between each part is appropriate and harmonious, whether every word, sentence, paragraph and part is needed by the overall situation, and whether it is coherent and coordinated into a whole. After such thinking and writing, the structure of the paper can be unified and complete, and it can serve the expression of the content of the paper well.

Third, it is conducive to timely adjustment and avoid major rework. In the research and writing process of graduation thesis, the author's thinking activity is very active. Some unremarkable materials, seemingly irrelevant materials, often produce new associations or new viewpoints after being familiar with and thinking. If you don't write an outline carefully, you will be disturbed by this phenomenon, and you will have to keep writing, rethinking and even overturning what you have written. This not only increases the workload, but also greatly affects the writing mood. The outline of graduation thesis is like the blueprint of the project. As long as you carefully consider the outline before you start writing and spend more time and energy to make it solid, you can form a clear and logical paper framework, thus avoiding a lot of unnecessary rework. In addition, if the students who have just started to write a thesis write their own ideas as an outline first, and then ask others for advice, they can understand them at first sight, and it is easier to put forward some suggestions for revision and supplement, so as to get effective guidance.

Question 9: What are the requirements for the central part of the review? 1. Literature review includes four parts: overview, theme, summary and references.

2. Literature review typesetting refers to text format typesetting, with about 3,000 words.

3. The content and format of document translation shall be stipulated by Foreign Languages Institute.

Question 10: What is a literature review? What is literature review?

Literature review is based on reading, selecting, comparing, classifying, analyzing and synthesizing the literature.

The achievement of information research is that researchers describe the research status of a problem in their own language.

The collection, arrangement and analysis of literature laid the foundation for the writing of literature review.

How to write a literature review?

Literature review formats generally include:

① Literature review and introduction:

Including the reason, significance, literature scope, text title and basic content overview;

② Literature review part:

It is the main content of literature review, including history (the development process of seeking research problems), present situation,

The basic content (seeking the progress of understanding), the analysis of research methods (seeking the reference of research methods), the problems solved and the remaining problems, and focusing on and detailing the current influence and development trend, so that researchers can not only determine the research side.

To make it easy for others to understand the starting point and breakthrough point of this study is to innovate on the basis of others' research;

③ Conclusion of literature review:

The conclusion of literature research summarizes my own research viewpoints, existing different opinions and problems to be solved.

Title, etc.

(4) literature review appendix:

List the references and explain the materials on which the literature review is based, so as to increase the credibility of the review and facilitate readers' further retrieval.