The history of Ewenki nationality, the name and origin of Ewenki nationality.

According to archaeological and human studies, as early as 2000 BC, that is, the Bronze Stone Age, Ewenki ancestors lived in Lake Baikal and its coastal areas. Skulls with Ewenki physical characteristics were found in Qiyou and Shileka caves in Heilongjiang, and together with the skulls, the unique culture and decoration of Lake Baikal were found, which is consistent with the legends of Ewenki. Legend has it that the ancestors of Ewenki people lived in Lena River and Rama Lake.

According to another legend, their hometown is along the Shileka River in the upper reaches of Heilongjiang. In short, Ewenki people live in the mountains east of Lake Baikal and along the Shileka River in the upper reaches of Heilongjiang. They hunt and fish with bows and spears. Food can be eaten on fire, or stones can be heated and put into birch barrels filled with water, and eaten in cook the meat. Make a fire, hit Mars with two stones, and light it with birch fiber. The cover of birch bark reads "Luo Zi Summary".

At that time, it was in matriarchal clan society. Their national origin can be traced back to some tribes in the Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties. These tribes are related to Ewenki in geography and customs, especially those who worked as deer in the tundra forest area northeast of Lake Baikal in Tang Dynasty, such as the tribes of Beishiwei, Persia, Shenweiju Shiwei and Zhuju.

Later, it developed eastward, and one of them reached Jiazha area in the middle reaches of Heilongjiang. The "Northern Shan Ye Savage" described in the literature of Ming Dynasty is "Deer in and out", which is generally considered as the direct ancestor of Ewenki and Oroqen. The "Suolun tribe" in the literature of Qing Dynasty generally includes Daur, Oroqen, Ewenki, especially Ewenki. In addition, "Kamm Ni Kan", commonly known as "Soren Bebu", also refers to a branch of Ewenki nationality.

The origin of Ewenki nationality

Origin of ethnic name: "Ewenki" means "people who live in the mountains". Ewenki people cherish this name and have never changed it. Historically, Japanese rulers and local Russians renamed it Yakutia, but they never admitted it.

Due to the ethnic migration and the dispersion and isolation of residential areas in history, Ewenki people are also called "Soren" and "Yakutia" respectively. After liberation, according to the unanimous demands of the Ewenki people, the people's government abolished the names of Soren, Tunguska and Yakutia, and restored the original clan name, which was called the unified clan Ewenki.

Ethnic origin: At present, there are two different views: one holds that the Ewenki nationality originated in northern ten tail and east of Lake Baikal. Another point of view is that Ewenki nationality originated from Anju bone segment, one of the seventh Mohe sections in Wusuli Valley. By the middle of the17th century, Ewenki people had lived in the middle and lower reaches of Heilongjiang and along Lake Baikal.

According to historians, the Ewenki people at that time were divided into three ethnic groups: the Ewenki people who lived along Lake Baikal, Wei Lu River and Vitim River, all of which were tributaries of the Lena River in the northeast. There are 12 big tribes, which are called "Kalmu Ni Kan" or "Sorumbe" of Ewenki nationality. They moved to the Ergon River in the early18th century, and were the ancestors of Yakutia.

The second category is Ewenki, who use horses to live in Chita River and Shileka River areas east of Lake Baikal. They are called "nayar" tribe or "Nano Sea". They have 15 tribes and are the ancestors of Tunguska people. The third branch is Soren, which has the largest population and lives in the middle and lower reaches of Heilongjiang from Shileka River to Jingjili River. Is the ancestor of Sauron.