Why does Li Bai's roaming, also known as the wandering ability of life, belong to the category of travel?

The roaming of ancient China literati is an important aspect of China's traditional tourism culture. Most of them regard roaming as a temporary compensation means for the physiological and psychological imbalance caused by social life, and admire and pursue it. They traveled around the world and wrote many masterpieces that attracted worldwide attention. Roaming has become a way of existence for literati. However, it is different for different individuals. Here, let's talk about Li Bai's typical journey of putting pen to paper and falling sword. In the twelfth year of Kaiyuan, Li Bai was twenty-four years old. In order to realize his political ideal, he "suffers from his wisdom and is willing to assist him, so that the area around the world will be fixed and the sea and the county will be clear" (Dai Shoushan replied to Meng Shaofu's notes), and he "braved the sword to serve the country, resigned his relatives and traveled far away" (Shang 'an Pei Changshi), and began a period of roaming and seeking an official position. He drifted in Dongting, went to Lushan, went to Jinling and Yangzhou in the east, and then returned to Hubei. With Anlu as the center, he traveled to Luoyang, Longmen, Songshan and Taiyuan in the north, Qilu in the east, Taishan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang in the south, and traveled all over nearly half of China. Li Bai's move was very famous at that time and later.

1? Reasons for roaming

Li Bai's life is almost the life of a traveler. It's just that his travel is many times more difficult than modern travel. From the round-trip fare to the specific departure time, it is impossible to make an accurate estimate of all the details in advance. At that time, all parts of the country and all social strata were almost completely unable to communicate with each other. Except for a few books (at that time, it was still a handwritten era), public and private documents or personal oral communication, it was almost completely unknown. Especially after the Anshi Rebellion (AD 755), it went from bad to worse. At that time, neither traffic nor public security could guarantee the safety of travelers. So, what prompted Li Bai to devote his life to endless roaming under unimaginable harsh conditions? What motivates him to stick to it?

1. 1? Broad-minded and uninhibited, with a sense of alienation and rejection.

Li Bai's father, Li Ke, was originally a businessman in the western regions, but later he "lived in the clouds and didn't seek official positions", and he lacked orthodoxy in his thoughts. When Li Bai was young, he inherited the family precepts, and later "wandered around fishing merchants and lived in seclusion", and his thoughts became the fusion of diverse thoughts. He is wild and unrestrained, and he despises etiquette. Li Bai is the son of a guest in Shu. His father has no official position, no power and no ancestral land. He is just a new immigrant with certain economic strength and business ability. Locals called his father a "guest", which remained unchanged until his death, indicating that his efforts to integrate into this regional society were unsuccessful. This is undoubtedly a great embarrassment for Li Bai, who is particularly conceited and much more sensitive to his reputation. A businessman with a well-off family is a Hakka, which adds to his hatred for the locals. According to Hao Wei, he "tried several people without Ren Xia", but he didn't go to court. Regardless of whether those people are guilty or not, Li Bai's "Ren Woxing" character did cause some factors that made him incompatible with the people around him. On the other hand, Li Bai enjoys knowledge and insight with local intellectuals, but his qualifications are far above them. He must have a sense of alienation. All these factors make him feel that his place is just a place to stay. It was these that prompted him to embark on a journey.

1.2? Give psychological compensation to the feeling of not meeting talents.

The imperial examination system was the main way to rise to the upper class at that time. Li Bai missed the imperial examination, which directly hindered his ambition to do things like Fan Li and Xie An. In the Tang dynasty, there were two kinds of qualifications for imperial examinations: Jinshi and tribute to the countryside. Li Bai, who lives in the countryside, can only belong to a tribute to the countryside. The Book of the New Tang Dynasty has been published for forty-four years: "Anyone who pays tribute is not the person, and those who abandon it and fail to prove it will be punished." It is conceivable that Li Bai, the son of immigrants who is called "guest" in rural areas (that is, considered to be of unknown origin), is difficult to be elected. In addition, in the Tang Dynasty, because of the imperial examination, there were special restrictions on those who wanted to be officials. "The Book of the New Tang Dynasty" also said: "The son of the criminal family, who works outside the home and pretends to be a name, will be punished if he rises or falls." Because of these two articles, Li Bai was rejected by the local tribute at that time and had no chance to enter the upper class from the imperial examination. Li Bai's roaming is a psychological compensation for this situation. Admittedly, his roaming also has his political purpose. During his roaming, he sometimes lobbied by strategists, hoping to get promoted by celebrities with his own talents, such as writing letters to people in the DPRK. Sometimes, he followed the "shortcut to the south" that had become the trend at that time, hoping to establish a reputation by learning Taoism in seclusion, and to climb high and look far, and successively lived in seclusion with Taoist priests such as Yuan Danqiu, Kong and Wu Yun in Songshan, Culai and Zhongshan. In addition, as mentioned above, the "Leshan" and "Leshui" literati regard roaming as a temporary means of compensation for the physiological and psychological imbalance in social life. They admire and pursue roaming, and Li Bai is no exception. Roaming temporarily expanded Li Bai's "freedom" and "freedom" to a certain extent, showing his "freedom" in thought and behavior. He lost his freedom in social life, both physically and psychologically, and he hoped to get a spiritual compensation from nature. In his discovery of nature, whether it is illusory scenes, abstract idols, forms created by himself, or majestic, strange, steep and beautiful natural landscapes, they have all played different degrees of compensation.

1.3? Seek the freedom of body and mind

There is a story of "I and Master Dian" in Advanced Analects of Confucius. When talking with Ceng Dian about the strategy of "pursuing Tao", Confucius agreed with his carefree and enjoyable words. It shows that Confucius' understanding of the overall completion of human nature and the ideal realm of life, the freedom, complacency, comfort and even freedom of spiritual life is a very important aspect. Zhuangzi's "Happy Travel" begins with a cloud: musicians, eliminate it, eliminate the bondage of the world; Those who are far away are free and unfettered. Carefree travel is free travel. It can be seen that "swimming is the ideal realm of life and the highest aesthetic realm". On the other hand, as a continuous "traveler", that is, "guest tenant", every