Introduction of Sichuan humanistic customs

Introduction of Sichuan humanistic customs

According to the introduction of Sichuan Cultural Customs, Sichuan is a city with a long history and beautiful scenery. It has the reputation of "Land of Abundance", a long history and a rich cultural atmosphere. Let's share the introduction of Sichuan's humanistic customs and have a look.

Introduction of Sichuan humanistic customs 1 introduction of Sichuan local customs,

First of all, I'd like to introduce you to Sichuan Opera, which is a bright pearl in the treasure house of China Opera. It has a long history and has preserved many excellent traditional plays, rich music and exquisite performing arts. As early as the Tang Dynasty, there was a saying that "Shu Opera is the best in the world". Sichuan Opera is rich in stunts, such as lifting, opening your eyes, changing your face, breathing fire and hiding knives, which is amazing.

At the same time, there are many social customs in Sichuan, such as:

Floating family

Popular in all parts of Sichuan, where people celebrate holidays or get married, and new homes are completed. Everyone has to visit relatives' homes, which is called going home. At that time, it was usual to bring gifts such as pork, snacks and wine, and put on clothes that you usually could not bear to leave. The host family cuts meat to buy wine and treats them warmly. Chun Xian is talking about the social customs of the Han nationality in spring.

Popular in all parts of Sichuan. The time is around the Spring Festival. In the old days, Chun Xian wore a black hat and official clothes, holding a woodcut spring cow in his left hand and a spring staff in his right hand. Clothing is the same as ordinary people, except that he carries a bullwhip. They climbed mountains and waded from village to village. Everywhere they go, they make up some auspicious songs to sing. After the rap, send the cow inspection map printed on red paper to the host's house. After the inspection, customers mainly send some coins to the inspection as a reward.

Sworn brothers

Social communication customs of ancient Han nationality. Also known as alliance, sworn, price difference exchange and so on. Popular in all parts of Sichuan. Individuals or groups based on * * * common interests become brothers by kowtowing, changing posts, drinking blood and swearing to heaven, etc., and bind and safeguard common interests with common beliefs and vows.

Farewell gift

Popular in all parts of Sichuan. In case of Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and other major festivals, married daughters bring their sons-in-law, separated sons bring their daughters-in-law and bring gifts home to visit their parents. During these festivals, friends and relatives also give gifts to each other. This custom is still popular now, but the gifts given change with the development of the times.

Study for three years. Three years

In the past, being a teacher usually took three years to study. According to the custom, in three years, the master only cares about the food of the apprentice, and will give a small amount of money to buy clothes, shoes and shave, but will not give wages, and the wages earned by the apprentice will also go to the master. After the expiration of three years, many apprentices will have to study for three years before they can make a living independently. In these three years, the apprentice is equivalent to half a worker and has a certain income.

Deal in the teacher's wine

After three years' study, technicians can "start a business" with the consent of the master if the skills they have learned pass the test. At that time, apprentices will hold a "teacher's wine", invite celebrities in the industry to attend, sacrifice the founders of the industry, and reward the master's teaching skills. The apprentice kowtowed to the master and gave him clothes, shoes and socks; The master returned the power of attorney and said these wishes to his disciples. According to the rules, you can't be a teacher if you have no money to thank the teacher and haven't been a teacher's wine.

Social customs of Han nationality with the same surname every other generation. Popular in Luocheng, Wen Ding, Shoubao and other towns in Qianwei County. Among the surnames of Zhang and Wu in this area, the custom of sharing the same surname every other generation is still preserved. In order to keep the incense burning, we adopt the method of sharing the same surname every other generation.

Introduction to Sichuan Cultural Customs 2 Sichuan is a multi-ethnic community with 55 ethnic minorities and 4.908 million people. Yi, Tibetan, Qiang, Miao, Hui, Mongolian, Tujia, Yi, Manchu, Naxi, Buyi, Bai, Zhuang and Dai are ethnic minorities living in this province. Sichuan is the only Qiang inhabited area, the largest Yi inhabited area and the second largest Tibetan area in China.

Ethnic minorities mainly live in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture and Muli Tibetan Autonomous County, Mabian Yi Autonomous County, Ebian Yi Autonomous County and Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County. Known as "the second Tibetan area in China", "the only Qiang nationality gathering area in China" and "the first Yi nationality gathering area in China".

Yi people are the largest minority in Sichuan, mainly living in Liangshan and Anning River basins. Yi people have their own language and calendar. June 24th of the lunar calendar is the biggest festival of the Yi people-Torch Festival. 95% of the Tibetan population uses Tibetan and Jiarong languages, and about 40% of them also speak Chinese. 95% of Yi people use Yi language, and about 60% of them are fluent in Chinese.

70% of the Qiang people use Qiang language, and 70% also speak Chinese. All the ethnic minorities living in the world, except Hui, use their own languages. More than 85% of the ancient town of Luodai is the descendant of Hakka people from Guangdong, Jiangxi and Fujian who poured in during the immigration tide of "Huguang filling Sichuan" in the early Qing Dynasty. They still completely follow Hakka customs and speak Hakka dialect, which is known as "the living fossil of ancient Chinese".

Sichuan is a big Hakka province in the west. Since the migration of "Huguang filling Sichuan" in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, the largest Hakka dialect island in Dongshan, Chengdu, with Longquanyi District as the core, has gradually formed, with a total of 500,000 Hakkas, which has well preserved the Hakka language family and life culture. In Sichuan, there are about 700,000 people who can speak Hakka at present.

Language and culture:

Sichuan dialect is the main Chinese language popular in Sichuan, Chongqing (Bashu area) and surrounding provinces, including the ancient Shu dialect in Southwest Mandarin. Sichuan dialect has about1200,000 users.

Today's Sichuan dialect was formed in the great migration movement of "Huguang filling Sichuan" during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, and it was gradually evolved and merged from Sichuan dialect popular before the Ming Dynasty and immigrant dialects in Huguang, Guangdong and Jiangxi. Chengyu dialect is the standard pronunciation of Sichuan opera and various folk arts. At the same time, due to the high degree of internal interoperability of Sichuan dialect, communication between dialect areas is barrier-free.

Introduction of Sichuan humanistic customs 3 Sichuan folk customs

Sichuan Opera has a long history. According to records, in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, due to the immigrants from all over the country and the establishment of local guilds, a variety of North and South operas were also spread all over Sichuan, and in the long-term development and evolution, Sichuan dialect, folk customs, folk music, dance, rap and folk songs were integrated, gradually forming a vocal art with Sichuan characteristics, thus promoting the development of local operas in Sichuan.

There are many kinds of Sichuan operas. There are five tunes in Sichuan Opera: Kunqu Opera, Gaoqiang Opera, Huqin Opera, Tanxi Opera and Dengdiao, as well as music forms such as gongs, drums, suona, piano score and flute. Sichuan opera music is eclectic. It absorbed the nutrition of the big cavity system of Chinese opera, merged with Sichuan local language, phonology and music, and evolved into local opera music with diverse forms, rich tunes, rigorous structure and different styles.

Besides, Kunqu Opera was written by many scholars. The words are white and elegant, and the rules are strict. When singing, pay special attention to clear pronunciation and mellow voice, plus the twists and turns of qupai, the rhythm is slow; Gao Qiang is the most important vocal cavity in Sichuan Opera, which combines Sichuan dialect, folk songs, labor songs, hair rap and other forms.

After several processing and refining, vocal music with local characteristics has gradually formed; The Huqin tune of Sichuan Opera belongs to Xipi and Huanger, because its main accompaniment instrument is "Little Huqin", which is collectively called Huqin. Huang Er should express deep, serious, euphemistic and light emotions in the positive tone, while Huang Er should express desolation, bitterness and indignation in the negative tone. The old tune is mostly used for high-pitched and passionate emotions. Contrary to Huang Er's drama, Xipi Opera in Sichuan Opera is bright, unique, intense, concise and fluent. ...

There are too many kinds of Sichuan operas to introduce. You may not know much about these things, but there is one thing you must have seen, and that is the face change of our Sichuan opera. That dazzling face, that speed, that magic, people can remember at a glance. There are three ways to change the face shape, namely "wiping face", "blowing face" and "pulling face".

Wipe the face, that is, the actor applies makeup paint to a specific part of the face in advance, and then touches it with his hands to make the face turn into another color;

Face blowing means that the actor puts powdered cosmetics (gold powder, pink powder and silver powder) in a container at a specific position on the stage or in a wine glass and other utensils used by the characters, then closes his eyes, breathes and blows through his mouth to make his face discolored;

Face-pulling means that an actor covers his face with several faces painted on silk, and each face has a specific silk thread and is fixed in a specific position. With the needs of the performance, under the cover of the performance, it was quickly dismantled one by one. This method is ingenious and neat;

Luck changes face, that is, the actor uses qigong to change the face of the characters in the play; Face changing of masks means that actors draw different faces, that is, face shells, on different materials, such as wood, paper, cloth, silk and rubber, according to actual needs.

In addition, there are many unique skills in our Sichuan Opera, such as spitting fire, hiding knives and lighting oil lamps ... There are many famous plays in our Sichuan Opera, such as Wusanhuna, Sanniang Jiaozi and Legend of the White Snake ... I like Sichuan Opera because of its interesting Sichuan dialect, which makes people never tire of listening to it.

Well, now you know something about Sichuan opera. Opera is a characteristic of our country. We can learn a lot from it. I hope students can listen to more operas and learn more about them.