When did Zhu Yuanzhang establish Ningshi? Historical topic

Zhu Yuanzhang, (1328 ~ 1398) Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. That is, Ming Taizu. Young name eight, also known as Xingzong, the word Guogong. Zhou Hao Li Zhong (now Fengyangdong, Anhui) was born. He was born in poverty and became a monk in Huang Jue Temple when he was a teenager. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Guo Zixing, a member of the Red Scarf Army, rebelled against the Yuan Dynasty and later became the King of Wu. Destroy Chen Youliang and Zhang Shicheng, send troops to the Northern Expedition, and conquer Yanjing. I have been an emperor for 15 years. Year number Hongwu. Culturally, it advocates Confucianism and respects Confucius as a saint. On Confucianism as "Good View of Governing the Country". Wanzhong's collection of books ordered his subordinates to ask for books during the war. In the 28th year of Yuan Dynasty (1368), he moved to the Northern Expedition and ordered Xu Da, a general, to go to Beijing to accept the imperial collection of Yuan Dynasty and transport it to Nanjing. In the first year of Hongwu (1368), the imperial edict collected folk books and built "Dabentang" as a library. Hongwu ten years (1378), and ordered "a company to visit this year's book and hide it in the inner government for reference". And "every time there is nothing in the palace, we must learn from Confucius' view of words" in order to achieve the ruling purpose of "governing the country first by teaching". Gao Di died and the temple was named Taizu.

In the 11th year of Zheng Zhi, Yuan Shundi (135 1), the peasant uprising of the Red Scarf Army broke out. The following year, on the first day of March in the 12th year of Zheng Zheng, Zhu Yuanzhang joined the army of Guo Zixing. Zixing saw that Bird had a strange appearance and was different from ordinary people, so he was retained as a confidant soldier. He led the troops to war many times and was bound to attack. Zixing was overjoyed and acted as a concubine, betrothing his adopted daughter Ma Shi to Bird as his wife, and later became a high queen. In March of the 15th year of Zheng Zheng, Guo Zixing died, and his son Guo Tianxu led the crowd. Han Liner issued a letter to seal the sky, named Du Marshal, right deputy marshal and Zhu Yuanzhang left deputy marshal. Zhu Yuanzhang said generously, "A gentleman would rather be controlled!" I'm not affected. However, the rings are powerful and can be used as emperors, but his title is used as an army. In September, Guo Tianxu and Shuang Shuang died in battle, so they will return to Mao. Zhu Yuanzhang led the army to cut off the cable and cross the river, and took quarrying (now southwest of Maanshan, Anhui Province) and Xiataiping (now Dangtu, Anhui Province). The following year, Qing Ji (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) was captured and renamed Yingtian. Since then, Zhu Yuanzhang took Yingtian as his base and successively captured Changzhou, Jiangyin, Changshu, Huizhou (now Shexian County, Anhui Province) and Yangzhou. He also accepted the suggestion of Zhu Sheng, an old Confucian in Huizhou, that "build a high wall, accumulate grain widely, and slow down to be king", and asked him to reclaim wasteland, build water conservancy and resume agricultural production.

After Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed the isolated Yuan army in the southeast, he began to contend with the separatist forces at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. In February of the 23rd year (1363), Zhang Shicheng sent Lv Zhen to surround Anfeng and kill Liu Futong. Han Liner issued an urgent order to Zhu Yuanzhang, and Liu Ji (Bowen) warned Zhu Yuanzhang not to help him. Mao said, "Wang Xiaoming is in a hurry. I gave him the title of dragon and phoenix, and I couldn't bear to stand by and watch, so I had to save him. " So he led Xu Da and Chang Yuchun to help, drove Lv Zhen away and welcomed Lin Er back to Chuzhou. At this time, it has become Mao's puppet, but Zhu Yuanzhang still gave him the title of twins for the title of topic. Twenty-three years, and Chen Youliang decisive battle Poyang Lake.

In the 24th year of Zheng Zheng (1364), in the first month, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor and established a family of officials. In addition to offering sacrifices, there is also a death, which is called the imperial edict of Yundi () and the imperial edict of Wu Wang (Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang). Twenty-seven years in Zhang Shicheng. In December of the 26th year (1366), Liu Jimi, in the name of welcoming the liner to the south, ordered Liao Yongzhong to go to Guabu to cover the liner's ships. As a result, he sank into the water and drowned.

After Han Liner's death, Zhu Yuanzhang became the supreme leader. So Zhu Yuanzhang changed next year to the first year of Wu (1367). Then he sent troops to the Central Plains, issued a proclamation to the northern officials and people, and conquered Fang Guozhen in eastern Zhejiang and Chen Youding in Fujian. The declaration put forward the program of "expelling Land Rover, restoring China, establishing the framework of the past and relieving the Sri Lankan people", which has great appeal to the people in the north to resist national oppression. In the twenty-eighth year of Yuan Shundi (1368), on the fourth day of the first month, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, with the title "Ming" and Jianyuan "Hongwu". Zhu Yuanzhang's founding name is Daming. In July, the Northern Expeditionary Army led by Xu Da approached Dadu, fled Shangdu with his empresses and princes, and the Yuan Dynasty, which ruled China for 98 years, perished. Since then, the unification movement has continued. In the same year, Tanghe led his troops to the south, destroyed Fang Guozhen and Chen Youding, and entered Fujian and Guangdong. Hongwu four years (137 1) was born in Pingding, Sichuan. Fourteen years of Taiping in Yunnan. In 20 years, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Northeast China were pacified and the whole country was unified.

Zhu Yuanzhang, while drawing lessons from history, began to stabilize the rule of the new dynasty, formulated a series of policies and systems, and further consolidated and developed the centralization of authority. In the central government, the provincial government and the prime minister were abolished, and six ministers were directly subordinate to the emperor. Change Yushitai to Duchayuan, and together with Dali Temple and the Ministry of Punishment, it is called Sanfa Division. In the local provinces where Chinese books have been abolished, there are publicity, production bureaus, emissaries' departments, supervision departments, provincial departments and command and emissaries' departments, which are collectively called Dusi, Deployment Department and Information Department and directly under the central government. And established a medical system. In order to weaken the military power of generals, in the thirteenth year of Hongwu, the Governor's Office of the Fifth Army was established. Zhu Yuanzhang carried out the economic policy of health care and adopted a series of measures conducive to the recovery and development of agricultural production, such as encouraging land reclamation, implementing the system of land reclamation in the three villages of the people, the army and the merchants, building water conservancy projects, and promoting the cultivation of mulberry, hemp, cotton and other cash crops throughout the country, which successfully restored and developed the social economy of the Ming Dynasty. He also ordered the land to be cleared, compiled the Yellow Book of Gong Fish Scales, and established the system of inner armor and grain length to bind farmers' land. His policies, such as restricting and cracking down on the old landlords, stipulating the shift system of craftsmen and relaxing the personal control of rival industrialists, also promoted the recovery and development of agriculture and handicraft production. In order to enrich the official management, Zhu Yuanzhang adopted the methods of recommendation, school and imperial examination to select officials. In view of the lessons of corruption and even national subjugation of Yuan officials, he decided to rectify the bureaucracy. Even punishing corrupt officials by stripping grass is harsh and rare in history. Although his strict rectification movement had some effect, it also killed many innocent people because of his suspicious character. In order to strengthen the imperial power and solve the internal contradictions of the ruling order, Zhu Yuanzhang used the Hu case and the aquamarine case to slaughter the heroes; In order to ensure the stability of the feudal ruling order, he formulated a clear law and a high standard, and also set up a special security agency.