Hu Shi's Huizhou Poems

1. Poetry and culture about Huizhou Huizhou-a historical place name, referred to as "emblem", was called Zhangzhou in ancient times.

Huizhou culture, namely Huizhou culture, is one of the three major regional cultures in China. Refers to the sum of material civilization and spiritual civilization of six counties in ancient Huizhou.

Huizhou culture, Huaihe culture, Luzhou culture and Wanjiang culture constitute four major cultural circles in Anhui, which are combined into one and collectively called Anhui culture and Anhui culture. This is not only an important part of Chinese civilization, but also one of the sources of Chinese civilization.

The main contents of Huizhou culture are: Huizhou land system, Huizhou merchants, Huizhou clansmen, Huizhou historical celebrities, Huizhou education, Huizhou science and technology, Xin 'an Neo-Confucianism, Xin 'an medicine, Huizhou Pu Xue, Huizhou Opera, Xin 'an painting school, Huizhou seal cutting, Huizhou prints, Huizhou crafts, Huizhou sculpture, Huizhou documents, Huizhou architecture, Huizhou villages, Huizhou folk customs, Huizhou dialects and Huizhou cuisine. It involves Huizhou's economy, society, education, academics, literature, art, technology, architecture, medicine and other disciplines. Everything related to the social and historical development of Huizhou belongs to Huizhou culture. Usually we use "the sum of material civilization and spiritual civilization" to summarize.

The poems about Huizhou are as follows: "Two Poems and a Simple Poem for the Master" Year: Song Author: Thanks to Huizhou, what does the new poem ask him? If you don't ask for a solution, you will have a happy heart and even be an unintentional cloud.

"Jiangdong newspaper hero intends to seal Hou Zi Xicheng Three Unique" Time: Song Author: Qian Zhangfei newspaper Huizhou, praise the hero Hou Zi. Throughout the ages, yellow mud and white bones are heavy, and Qingyunju is mentioned once.

"Zhang Anguo about autumn {Kuang went to Wang Jiagan} urn wine" Time: Song Author: Zhang Great Man is unbearable, the spring of your urn has not passed yet. I want to get drunk and lie down forever, dreaming of returning to my hometown around Qinghuai.

If future generations want to know this wine, you can ask the king for it. Poetry in Huizhou is written as poetry, and poetry in Jingzhou is written as poetry.

"Zhang Tixue sends his predecessor's new collection as an answer" Time: Ming Author: Shao Bao's suicide note was newly engraved in Huizhou and has been sealed for thousands of years. I believe my uncle and grandson know immortality, but I don't deserve to stay in Chao Fu for a long time.

Secret storage is not a mountain, buy back overseas demand. Looking at Zhang Shiyu alone, today's petal fragrance has an ancient romantic style.

"Friends cherish but not enough advice to visit Huangshan Baiyue" Time: Ming Author: Tang Xianzu wants to know gold and silver, so he travels far. I have never dreamed of Huizhou in my life.

Introduction to Huizhou: Huizhou is a part of the early embryonic form of Zhejiang Province and the source of Anhui emblem after the partition of jiangnan province. Huizhou is located between Huangshan Mountain and Tianmu Mountain, and is adjacent to Hangzhou, the old capital of wuyue, in the east. It is closely related to Jin, Qu and Yan in the west of Zhejiang, with beautiful scenery and humanistic landscape, which complements the Huizhou architecture in the south of the Yangtze River with white walls and tiles.

Hui culture has also become one of the three major regional cultures in China that Chinese and foreign scholars pay attention to. Zhong Ling is an ancient Huizhou city with rich cultural heritage. Since ancient times, talented people have come forth in large numbers. Some people compare it to Qufu and Zoucheng in Shandong, the hometown of Confucius and Mencius, and call Huizhou "Southeast Zou Lu".

2. What are the poems about "Huizhou in Ink and Wash"? 1, "A friend pities me but lacks advice"-Tang Xianzu in Ming Dynasty.

If you want to know gold and silver, swim from yellow to white.

I have never dreamed of Huizhou in my life.

Only by traveling along the fertile land such as the Yellow River and the Yangtze River can we see the magnificent scene. I have been crazy all my life, and I want to go to fairyland on earth for a lifetime, but I never dreamed that fairyland on earth was originally in Huizhou.

2. Huizhou-Zhao Shixiu in Song Dynasty

Qingxi is surrounded by mountains, water surrounds the city, and white clouds are difficult to draw.

Wild colors are hidden everywhere on the balcony, and every family lights up and reads books.

Mountains surround Qingxi, and Qingxi water surrounds the city. White clouds and turquoise peaks can only be seen as barriers, but they cannot be attached to painters. Terraces all over the country hide rural scenery, and the sound of books lingers in silence with the light of stars.

3, "Night Berthing Tunxi Ji" Modern Yu Dafu

Xin' anjiang is full of water, and people on both sides are scattered.

A few nights under Tunxi Bridge, heartbroken spring scenery is like Yangzhou.

Xin 'anjiang is crystal clear and flows eastward leisurely. The rural people on both sides of the river are like boats scattered and floating on the water, looming in the clouds; This dreamlike and picturesque Xin 'anjiang is like a fairyland, which can be compared with Yangzhou, a water town that is full of praise.

4. Xin 'an Beach-Huang Jingren in Qing Dynasty

Beach after beach, 360 beaches.

A beach is ten feet high, and Xin 'an is in the sky.

Beach after beach in Xin 'anjiang seems to have increased by ten feet. To cross 360 beaches, that's 3600 feet. Then, its birthplace, Xin 'an, will be in the sky.

5, "Little Taoyuan"-Li Bai in Tang Dynasty

Yi county small Taoyuan, misty and hazy.

There are many plants and trees on earth, and people still wear ancient clothes.

The city is scattered in front of us, and the mountains are cold after night.

The rural landscape of yi county in southern Anhui is like a paradise, with beautiful scenery and a landscape of up to a hundred miles. There are many spiritual flowers and trees, and everyone admires the ancient style. The market has long since dispersed, and the mountains are deserted at night.

3. What contribution did Hu Shi make to Huizhou culture? Hu Shi traveled across the ocean and drank a lot of foreign ink in Europe, America and the rain.

He struggled for democracy and science all his life and was recognized as a "world citizen" in the global village. Hu Shi is also a very traditional Huizhou person.

He not only received nine years of traditional education in his hometown of Huizhou as a teenager, but also had an extraordinary understanding of China's traditional culture. Even his advocacy for the improvement of vernacular literature is related to his influence on China's classical vernacular literature since childhood, and Zhu's quoting style of "flowing water from the source" also has an influence on him.

Throughout Hu Shi's life, "I am from Huizhou" and "We are from Huizhou" never left his mouth. Yu Xiu, Zhong Ling, the hometown of Baiyue in Huangshan, Huizhou, was deeply imprinted in Hu Shi's mind. Huizhou, my hometown, is rich in historical culture and humanistic spirit, which has been integrated into Hu Shi's blood. Hu Shi's infatuation and enthusiasm for Huizhou and Huizhou culture, as well as his propaganda and care for Huizhou and Huizhou culture, have made all Huizhou people who are born and bred feel emotional and excited about it. Hu Shi's "Huizhou Complex" inspires us to think, reflect and work hard.

When Dai Zhen and Dai Dongyuan, scholars of Xiuning University in Huizhou, were falsely accused of stealing books, some top academic authorities besieged them, and it was almost certain that Dai attacked Zhao. When Dongyuan was wronged, Hu Shi stood up angrily and tried to defend the injustice of this Huizhou fellow villager. He spent more than 20 years, spent a very stupid effort to rehabilitate Dong Yuan. Together with Liang Qichao, Hu Shi vigorously promoted Dai Xue.

When Huizhou culture gradually entered the field of vision of China scholars, Hu Shi was also one of the researchers and promoters of early Huizhou studies. Hu Shi's wonderful exposition on "Small Jixi" and "Big Jixi" has opened up a new way for people to explore the interactive relationship between "Small Huizhou" and "Big Huizhou". Hu Shi's advocacy of Jixi local literature collection and arrangement further promoted the upsurge of Huizhou literature system arrangement research; Hu Shi's rescue of Huizhou folk songs is one of the earliest practical things to explore and protect Huizhou intangible cultural heritage. Hu Shi first analyzed and discussed the causes, characteristics and management of Huizhou merchants. Those wonderful comments on the topic of Huizhou merchants, such as "no town and no emblem", "three and a half years of husband and wife's life", "Huizhou preserves" and "Huizhou worship", have become the classic contents of Huizhou merchants' research today. Hu Shi's summary of Huizhou merchants' spirit "Huizhou camel", Hu Shi's cry of "striving to be a camel of Huizhou merchants" and Hu Shi's comments on the pioneering significance of Huizhou merchants have all aroused the resonance of predecessors.

When Chiang Kai-shek forcibly dismembered the entire Huizhou cultural ecological space and included Wu in Jiangxi, Hu Shi, like all Huizhou people, strongly opposed this move of splitting history and culture and violating public opinion, denouncing it as an "imperialist act." He ran around shouting and made many efforts, and finally made Wuyuan return to Huizhou on 1948.

Wherever Hu Shi went, he was very enthusiastic and concerned about Huizhou villagers. Even when he was an ambassador to the United States, he never forgot to entertain his old friends with "Huizhou Yipin Pot" and "Huizhou Steamer". Whenever he has an opportunity, he introduces his hometown Huizhou to the world with relish. When he lived in Taiwan Province Province in his later years, he still remembered "I come from the mountains" and was full of affection for the orchids in Huizhou's hometown. A school song "Orchid", which is familiar to people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, is Hu Shi's deep yearning for Huizhou's hometown.

Hu Shi will never forget Huizhou dialect, Huizhou customs and Huizhou humanistic stories until his death. Hu Shi's profound "Huizhou complex" is definitely not a narrow and superficial local concept, localism and tribal complex.

However, Huizhou sages such as Zhu, Dai Zhen, Huang and Tao Xingzhi are based on their deep understanding of Huizhou and Huizhou culture. They have discovered that Huizhou has gradually formed a relatively independent and unique geographical, historical and cultural unit since Qin Shihuang.

Due to the special geographical and natural environment of Huizhou, the special social and historical changes of immigrants, the profound influence of Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism and the strong support of Huizhou merchants' economy, Huizhou and Huizhou culture developed in an all-round way during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Huizhou culture, with its rich accumulation of China traditional culture, reached its peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and became a typical representative of China culture.

Some Huizhou sages, such as Hu Shi, deeply realized the significance of inheriting, carrying forward and caring for Huizhou and Huizhou culture. "Huizhou studies are related to Chinese studies", which is their knowledge.

Hu Shi is a native of Huizhou. He advocates and cares about Huizhou culture, which is part of his inheritance and development of Chinese studies. Hu Shi, a native of Huizhou, was deeply moved by his hometown, blood relationship and culture, which made people rise up.

Today, Huizhou has been dismembered into three parts, and the future of the name "Huizhou" is still uncertain. Urbanization has accelerated the disappearance of Huizhou's hometown, and the concept of protecting the overall space of Huizhou's cultural ecology has a long way to go.

At the moment of returning to China culture, Hu Shi, a Huizhou native, left us many Huizhou people. The exhortation of "striving to be a camel" often rings in our ears.

Hu Shi, the sage of Huizhou, is still shouting for Huizhou and Huizhou culture with us, and the soul of Hu Shizhi is always there. Excerpt: Yuan Fei's blog: Hu Shi, a native of Huizhou-written in Fang Lishan, the 20th anniversary of Hu Shi's birthday/kloc-0.

4. The mountains are deep but not secluded, and there are few scholars and few businessmen, which is a word to describe Huizhou, which is now Huangshan City.

Huangshan has a long history. As far back as six or seven thousand years ago, that is, in the 5th/kloc-0th century BC, in the late matriarchal society of China, human beings have been working and living in this beautiful and rich mountainous area. During the Shang Dynasty three or four thousand years ago, an ancestor named Shan Yue lived here.

Shanyue is one of the best. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, this place first belonged to Wu, and Wu returned to Yue, and Yue returned to Chu.

After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he implemented the county system, which is the territory of Huiji County. Xin 'an County was established in the Southern Dynasties, and the county moved its capital, never leaving the upper reaches of Xin 'an River. Huizhou was called Xin 'an in ancient times, and its origin was based on this.

In the Song Dynasty, on May 24th (A.D. 1 12 1), the imperial edict changed her name to Huizhou. Huizhou School, now renamed Huangshan City, is one of the three major regional cultures in China (Tibetan studies, Dunhuang studies and Huizhou studies), covering philosophy, Confucian classics, history, medicine, science, art and many other fields.

Huangshan City is located at the junction of Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces, surrounded by mountains. There has always been a saying in ancient Huizhou that "the mountains are not remote, the land is not much, and there are many scholars and businesses". Whenever the Central Plains is in the autumn of war, it becomes a land of hidden dragons and crouching tigers. It is not only a paradise in troubled times, but also a treasure house of talents to manage the world.

Ancient Huizhou had a prosperous writing style and developed education. "The village of ten families is not a waste of reading." Therefore, there are many people in history who have entered the official position with talents and respected the world with literature. In Ci Hai, there are more than 50 celebrities in Huizhou, ranking first among the state capitals in China.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Huizhou merchants dominated the business world for 200 to 300 years, and there was a saying that there was no town and no emblem. Huizhou merchants are good at Confucianism, and the trinity of "official, Jia and Confucianism" has formed a unique culture of Huizhou merchants. Historically, various talents have come forth in large numbers, and academic research is colorful.

Huizhou has a long history. As far back as six or seven thousand years ago, that is, in the 5th/kloc-0th century BC, in the late matriarchal society of China, human beings have been working and living in this beautiful and rich mountain area. During the Shang Dynasty three or four thousand years ago, an ancestor named Shan Yue lived here.

Shanyue is one of the best. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, this place first belonged to Wu, and Wu returned to Yue, and Yue returned to Chu.

After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he implemented the county system, which is the territory of Huiji County. Xin 'an County was established in the Southern Dynasties, and the county moved its capital, never leaving the upper reaches of Xin 'an River. Huizhou was called Xin 'an in ancient times, and its origin was based on this.

In the Song Dynasty, on May 24th (A.D. 1 12 1), the imperial edict changed her name to Huizhou. About the origin of Huizhou's name, it is said that Huizhou has Hui Ling, Huishui and Dahui Village, so the state is named after the place name; On the other hand, it is said that Zhao Song took the meaning of "emblem, beauty and goodness" to show off his recovery of this area.

These two theories have coexisted for more than 800 years, and the names of counties have been used throughout the ages. When the province was established in the sixth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (AD 1667), the initials of Anqing and Huizhou were used as the provincial names. Huizhou School is one of the three major regional cultures in China (Tibetan studies, Dunhuang studies and Huizhou studies), covering many fields such as philosophy, Confucian classics, history, medicine, science and art.

Huangshan City is located at the junction of Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces, surrounded by mountains. In ancient Huizhou, there has always been a saying that "the mountains are deep and quiet, and there are few scholars and businessmen". Whenever the Central Plains is in the autumn of war, it becomes a land of hidden dragons and crouching tigers. It is not only a paradise in troubled times, but also a treasure house of talents to manage the world.

Ancient Huizhou had a prosperous writing style and developed education. "The village of ten families is not a waste of reading." Therefore, there are many people in history who have entered the official position with talents and respected the world with literature. In Ci Hai, there are more than 50 celebrities in Huizhou, ranking first among the state capitals in China.

According to incomplete statistics, there were 542 scholars in Ming and Qing Dynasties, including 1, 5 13. It is not uncommon for them to be "three academies in a row, four academicians in ten miles", "prime ministers of father and son" and "four generations and one product". During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Huizhou merchants dominated the business world for 200 to 300 years, and there was a saying that there was no town and no emblem.

Huizhou merchants are good at Confucianism, and the trinity of "official, Jia and Confucianism" has formed a unique culture of Huizhou merchants. Historically, various talents have come forth in large numbers, and academic research is colorful. For example, Bi Sheng, the founder of movable type printing, Zhu, Guo Xu (Li Shiming Jiajing, Wanli), Cao Zhenyong (Li Shiming Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang), rich businessman Bao, famous dramatist Daokun Wang, Wang Ji, Huimo and Huiguang. Financier Wang Maoyin (the only China person mentioned in Marx's Das Kapital), abacus masters Cheng Dawei, Tao Xingzhi and Hu Shi, musician Zhang Shu, engineering and technical expert Zhan Tianyou, Secretary General of Marshal Sun Yat-sen's Office Zheng, and modern jurist Xu Qian all came from Huizhou.

At the same time, the prosperity of Huizhou merchants has formed cultural schools with unique local characteristics, such as Xin 'an Neo-Confucianism, Xin 'an Medicine, Xin 'an Painting School, Huizhou Bonsai, Huimo She Yan, Huizhou Architecture, Huizhou Sculpture, Huizhou Opera and Huizhou Cuisine. More than 4,900 ground cultural relics have been discovered, including 45 national and provincial key protected cultural relics.

Until today, there are still ancient bridges, pagodas, pavilions, ancestral halls and ancient archways all over Huangshan, just like a natural history museum. 1949 Huizhou area was established, which belongs to the southern Anhui administrative region.

Huizhou Office is located in Tunxi City, and governs six counties: Tunxi City and Shexian County (in Huizhou Town), Jingde County (in Jingyang Town), Jixi County, Xiuning County (in Haiyang Town), Qimen County and Yixian County (in Biyang Town). 1952 Huizhou District belongs to the leadership of Anhui Province.

Divide Taiping, Shidai County, which belonged to the former Chizhou area, and Ningguo County, which belonged to Xuancheng area, into Huizhou area. Jurisdiction over 9 counties of 1 city.

1953, Tunxi city was changed from a province directly under the central government. 1955 Tunxi City was placed under the leadership of Huizhou institutions.

Huizhou area 1956 abolished. Tunxi City was changed to a provincial municipality directly under the Central Government; Ningguo, Jingde, Jixi, Shexian, Xiuning, yi county, Qimen, Shidai and Taiping are all included in Wuhu area.

1959, Tunxi City was handed over to the leadership of Xiuning County. 196 1 year, Huizhou special zone was re-established and settled in Tunxi city.

Eight counties, namely Shexian (in Huizhou Town), Jixi, Jingde (in Jingyang Town), Ningguo, Xiuning (in Haiyang Town), Qimen, yi county (in Biyang Town) and Taiping (in Gantang Town) originally belonging to Wuhu Special Zone, were included in Huizhou Special Zone. 196 1 year 1 month Tunxi City was revoked and changed to Tunxi Town, which was placed under the leadership of Xiuning County; In August of the same year, Tunxi City resumed.

Jurisdiction over 1 8 counties of the city. 1962, Tunxi city was changed from a province directly under the central government.

1963.

5. Huiyun praised Huizhou's poem "You failed to swim Huangshan Baiyue", which was a poem by Tang Xianzu in the Ming Dynasty.

Wu Xu pitied me and advised me to travel to Baiyue in Huangshan, but failed.

If you want to know gold and silver, swim from yellow to white.

I have never dreamed of Huizhou in my life.

Precautions:

1 lack: down and out, trapped and poor.

② Yellow and white: Huangshan Mountain and Baiyue Mountain in Huizhou. In the mid-Ming Dynasty, Huizhou's commerce was prosperous, and businessmen were rich in the world.

The preface of the poem explains Tang Xianzu's professional status at that time: poverty and poverty. Then why did his friends advise him to go to Huizhou when he was down and out? Then it's definitely not a leisure experience tour now. You have no stomach, don't be idle. I just hope to make a comeback in Huizhou, and this opportunity should still be pinned on Guo Xu.

In the 19th year of Wanli (159 1), Guo Xu retired to her hometown in Shexian County, Huizhou. As long as you look at the Guo Xu Octagonal Pavilion, which still stands in the ancient city of Shexian, you will know the position of Guo Xu in the imperial court. Although he retired, Guo Xu was both a teacher and an important minister of the emperor. As long as he is willing to recommend, Tang Xianzu's life will change.

Therefore, Wu Xudang, a good friend of Tang Xianzu, suggested that Tang Xianzu meet Guo Xu in Huizhou to bridge the gap and rebuild the friendship between teachers and students. As long as Guo Xu is willing to say something to the emperor, he can change his predicament. "Yellow and white" in the poem refers to Huangshan Mountain and Baiyue Mountain (Yun Qi), which is a metaphor for gold and silver, that is, the salary of officials.

No matter what caused the failure of Tang Xianzu's trip to Huangbai, Tang Xianzu's praise of Huizhou could not be inferred.

In fact, at the beginning of the poem, Huizhou is described as a place full of copper smell: if you want to get rich, you must go to Huizhou between Huangshan Mountain and Baiyue Mountain. This may really be in line with the social reality at that time, because Huizhou merchants were famous all over the world in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and Huizhou was naturally regarded as a place where laymen envied gold.

But all this has nothing to do with the beauty of the scenery, and what does it have to do with the poor playwright? At that time, Tang Xianzu was suggested to go to Huizhou, either to ask for help or to ask for immortality, including Xu Guo Ye and Qiyun Mountain, and the most realistic channel was naturally to ask for help, so it had nothing to do with the scenery. Therefore, if this poem is understood as the author's praise of Huizhou scenery, it is all wet.

It should be expressed that the author is unwilling to bow his head and ask for help: it is said that wealth is in Huizhou, but unfortunately I have never thought of going to Huizhou in my life.

If you change "I've been crazy all my life" to "I've been miserable all my life", the meaning may be clearer. I haven't changed this. It can be found in the article titled "Jiang Zehan, the Master of Mathematics" on Peking University Alumni Network. Its original text is "Tang Xianzu, a great dramatist, left a poem of' A lifetime of pain, no dream of Huizhou' because he yearned for Huizhou."

This kind of "pain" seems to come from not dreaming that he is in Huizhou, but I don't know that Tang Xianzu's pain in the second half of his life comes from Huizhou. If he really wants to go to Huizhou, he should imitate the last two sentences of the folk song "Xizhou Qu" in the Southern Dynasties: "The south wind knows what I want and dreams of Xizhou." It is not that Huizhou is not beautiful, but that Mr. Xianzu was born at an untimely time.

However, it turns out that Wuyuan under Huizhou finally belongs to Mr. Tang's hometown in Jiangxi, which may be regarded as compensation for misunderstanding.

Extended data:

"Baiyue Mountain" in the poem "No Visit to Huangshan Mountain" refers to Yun Qi in Xiuning. Yun Qi, Wudang Mountain in Hubei, heming in Sichuan, Longhu Mountain in Jiangxi and Huangshan Mountain are also called "Four Famous Taoist Mountains in China" and "Hundred Mountains in Huangshan". In Tang Xianzu's poems, "Huangshan Baiyue" is simply called "Huangbai". The four sentences in the whole poem are actually about "cause and effect". That is, the first two sentences write the reason, and the last two sentences write the result.

The theme of the whole poem comes first, not the last two sentences that future generations value. Judging from the poet's experience and personality, this poem is neither a praise of the "yellow and white" beauty nor an expression of the yearning to go to Huizhou, but a lifelong feeling. When the poet wrote this poem, he was down and out, and his friends invited him for advice many times, hoping that he could get a chance to develop in Huizhou, but he failed.

The "yellow and white" in the poem clearly refers to Huangshan Mountain and Baiyue Mountain, which is a metaphor for gold and silver, that is, official salaries. No matter what makes it unsuccessful, it is impossible to infer Tang Xianzu's praise of Huizhou. In fact, at the beginning of the poem, Huizhou was described as a place full of copper smell: if you want to get rich, you must go to Huizhou in the mountains of Huangshan Mountain.

This is in line with the social reality at that time. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Huizhou merchants became famous all over the world and were as rich as an enemy. Huizhou is naturally regarded as a place that advocates money. But all this has nothing to do with the beauty of the scenery or the poor playwright. This poem expresses the poet's reluctance to bow down and ask for help: it is said that wealth is in Huizhou, but unfortunately I never thought about going to Huizhou in my life.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-You failed to visit Huangshan Baiyue.