For the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the favorable and possibly unfavorable effects of the transfer-out area and the transfer-in area.

Transfer-out area:

Eastern route: It may cause seawater backflow and pollute water quality.

Mid-line: It will reduce the water quantity in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River, which will adversely affect downstream shipping, water intake and ecological environment, and also involve large-scale migration and farmland flooding.

Transfer-in area:

Improper control may cause secondary salinization of soil.

Beneficial effects:

Transfer-out area:

For the central line, it can alleviate the flood disaster in rainy season to some extent.

Transfer-in area:

Alleviate the shortage of water resources, curb ecological deterioration to a certain extent, promote economic and social development in water-deficient areas in the north, and improve people's living standards.