What is the European economic crisis?

The only thing we can figure out now is what happened. Many people want to find out the reason, and those who find out the reason are by no means idle. The reasons are very complicated, and the internal and external reasons are intertwined.

On the afternoon of June+10/October 65438+July local time, an international delegation from china entrepreneur club was held in the Rome City Hall, which is known as the representative of the Renaissance palace architecture.

Roundtable of European political leaders, having a dialogue with European dignitaries including former Italian Prime Minister Enrico Letta, former Finnish Prime Minister esko aho and Rome Mayor marino.

He said that this crisis is firstly a financial and banking crisis, secondly a real economic crisis, thirdly a social crisis and a political crisis. He believes that for the reasons of the crisis, "I think there are problems that need attention in European governance, mainly the inconsistency of EU economic policies. This is just a political union, which is consistent in monetary policy, but there is great inconsistency in fiscal policy. "

Regarding the solution of the crisis, he believes that Europe has made some achievements in this regard through the corresponding policies of banking union and loose monetary policy. However, if this method is adopted earlier, some crises, including unemployment, can be avoided for the people in the EU, and the problems in Greece can be solved to a certain extent.

He stressed that we wasted a lot of time and lacked sufficient political will, which led to our failure to achieve the expected results.

"If there is more * * * political will, it should be avoidable, so this is a question of governance. Inconsistent policy implementation. It took us a long time to get here. We must learn from the crisis. "

However, he also said that we need the euro and a unified monetary policy. The establishment of the European Union itself is a great progress, and the establishment of the euro zone is an even greater progress. We have made great progress. He said that Europe still has a long way to go in economic policy, monetary policy has always been consistent, and fiscal policy and economic policy will continue to be consistent. The problem facing Europe is how to remove the barriers within the EU and make it more integrated. This is a problem that Europe needs to consider. At the same time, we must consider the investment policy on the basis of EU internal integration. We must have the concept of overall governance.

Regarding the future challenges of Europe, the former Italian Prime Minister said that Europe will face many challenges in the future, one is the road to recovery, and the other is how to avoid Britain's withdrawal from the EU. Britain will hold a referendum in 20 17, and we must try our best to avoid it. The EU has 28 different countries and different markets, and we hope to keep Britain here. In addition, Europe is also facing the impact of the refugee crisis, which will have an impact on the economy. In the next few years, it is necessary to manage the refugee problem in a unified way, and France and Germany are about to start general elections. The nightmare of Greece still exists. If we want to have more confidence, Europe must try to avoid the crisis of Greek bankruptcy.

Finally, he said, "Europe does not need another agreement, but it needs to seriously implement the current policy. If Europe is more United, Europe can go healthier. " (Source: china entrepreneur club)

The refugee crisis has made Europe "worse"

Reuters101October 27th reported that a study by Bertelsmann Foundation showed that after years of economic crisis, about 26 million children and adolescents in Europe were threatened by poverty or social exclusion. In addition, in 25 of the 28 member States of the European Union, the number of young people aged 20-24 who are unemployed or have no education or training has only improved in Germany and Sweden.

"From a social or economic point of view, we can't lose a generation in Europe," said Aart De Geus, chairman of Bertelsmann's executive committee. The EU and its member States must make extra efforts to ensure that opportunities for young people continue to improve. "

The study also found that the number of people at risk of poverty among the 65-year-old population is declining, because retirement benefits are not much reduced than the income of young people.

According to the foundation, there are three trends in Europe that aggravate the gap between the young and the old, including rising public debt, stagnant investment in education and research, and increasing pressure on the financial capacity of the social security system.

654381October 25th, leaders of EU countries and some Balkan countries held an emergency meeting in Brussels to discuss the increasingly serious European refugee crisis. The European Commission announced that the parties finally reached a 17 agreement on the refugee crisis. German Chancellor Angela Merkel said during the meeting that the refugee crisis is one of the biggest tests that Europe has ever faced. It can be said that the refugee crisis, together with the euro crisis, the Ukrainian crisis and the Syrian crisis that are still fermenting, is plunging Europe into the "* * *" shock of multiple crises.

A large number of refugees poured in from the eastern and southern borders of Europe, and many people risked their lives to board crude oil ships crossing the Mediterranean to the European continent. At present, refugees mainly come from two directions: first, people who fled the civil wars or conflicts in Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan entered Europe through Turkey and western Balkan countries; Second, there are "economic refugees" from the African continent who travel to Italy, Greece and other countries via Libya and the Mediterranean. Most of them come from Eritrea, Niger, Senegal and other countries, seeking a better life. Of course, many people are trying to avoid sectarian conflicts, harassment by terrorism and extremist forces, and possible civil war. On this dangerous sea road, more than 2,200 stowaways have been killed this year. However, this still can't stop a large number of Africans from crossing the Sahara desert and heading for the European border.

In addition, since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war, Turkey, Jordan, Lebanon and other countries have also taken in more than 3 million refugees. Due to the increasingly difficult living conditions and the distant prospect of restoring stability in Syria, they are also trying their best to move to Europe. Since mid-September, nearly 250,000 refugees have traveled north to Europe via the Balkans. Today, the number of refugees arriving in Greece every day exceeds 9,000, reaching the highest value this year. Macedonia, located in the eastern Mediterranean, also declared a state of emergency because of the refugee problem. At present, about 65,438+0,500 refugees arrive every day. As Hungary announced the closure of its borders with Serbia and Croatia a few days ago, a large number of refugees are being transferred to Slovenia and other countries. At the same time, refugees are still expanding their access to Europe through Nordic countries such as Finland, and Sweden is the most popular destination for refugees outside Germany. In this regard, Slovenian Prime Minister Miro Searle and other European leaders warned that concrete actions must be taken immediately to deal with the refugee crisis, otherwise the EU will begin to "fall apart".

What's more, the refugee problem is increasingly affecting European countries. Since the beginning of this year, there have been more than 500 attacks on refugee settlements in Germany, twice as many as last year. Recently, in cities such as Dresden in eastern Germany, the refugee problem has triggered riots involving tens of thousands of people, and the forces supporting and opposing the reception of refugees are tit for tat. Right-wing parties and political organizations such as "opposing Islamization in the West" have become a deep charge against accepting refugees, and some even throw out extreme remarks such as imitating Nazi concentration camps. Senior officials such as the German Minister of the Interior and the Minister of Justice publicly wrote articles in the media, calling on people not to be trapped by organizations that incite hatred. Although the German government is ready to provide 6 billion euros in advance to deal with the refugee crisis, and the Federal Parliament is also accelerating legislation to promote the integration of refugees into the labor market, in the long run, the economic pressure to solve the refugee problem is still enormous. At present, the German federal government distributes the number of refugees to the states, but even the wealthier Bavaria and North Rhine-westfalen are overwhelmed.

Although the Merkel government keeps saying that the refugee problem is still under control, the "fear" of ordinary Germans is on the rise. They are worried that providing financial support to refugees will lead to their pension and social welfare being reduced. People are also worried that a large number of terrorists and extremists will enter Europe with the tide of refugees, or that refugees will become extreme because they are difficult to integrate into the local society and are driven by their own frustration. At present, among the more than 80 million people in Germany, there are about 3 million Turks, many of whom can't even speak German. They live in groups and gradually form a "parallel society" which is very different from the mainstream society in Germany. There is reason to worry that refugees from Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan and other countries and African countries are more difficult to integrate and will bring complex social contradictions. In the next two years, Germany, Spain and other countries will usher in parliamentary elections. It is expected that the right-wing political parties will use the refugee issue to win more supporters for themselves, and the "right turn" feature of the European political party structure may become more obvious.

In the face of the deepening refugee crisis, it is always difficult for the EU and its member States to form an effective response force, and the process of European integration is facing no small impact. In fact, as the recent commentary published by Der Spiegel said, the refugee problem has led to different fronts in European countries. "The real solution has not even been outlined so far, which is a serious failure." Germany and other countries are lagging behind in their response to the refugee problem. They mistakenly believe that the refugee problem is not their own business, and southern European countries such as Italy, Greece and Spain, which are located on the European border, should bear the main responsibility for receiving or repatriating refugees. However, the latter thinks that it is only a "transit station" for refugees, and the final destination of refugees is Germany, Sweden and other countries that are richer and more open to asylum seekers. In addition, the EU has not been able to form a unified refugee or immigration policy. As the agency responsible for border management, Frontex has limited funds and lacks authority. European Council President Webb recently warned that Europe has lost its ability to defend its borders. In response to the refugee crisis, Europe has actually fallen into a dilemma. On the one hand, it believes that it has a moral responsibility to accept refugees. European Commission President Juncker said in early September that Europe has an obligation to accept asylum seekers without discrimination. "In the past, Europe wrongly treated Jews, Christians and Muslims differently." On the other hand, EU member States shirked their responsibilities and were unwilling to bear the heavy burden of refugees. They are also worried that once they show "goodwill", they will encourage more refugees to go. Hungarian Prime Minister Orban said that he would "defend our border" and prevent those who "grew up in another religion and represented a completely different culture" from crossing the border. A 20/0/4 poll by Pew Company shows that 63% of Italians, 50% of Poles and 53% of Greeks hold negative views on Muslims. Dominique Moisi, a senior scholar at the French Institute of International Relations, believes that the division between the successful northern Europe represented by Germany and the failed southern Europe represented by Greece has always existed, while the refugee crisis highlights the profound difference between the "old Europe" in western Europe and the "new Europe" in eastern Europe, and eastern European countries are "pulling up barbed wire to prevent refugees from entering".