What is social integration?

Fund Project: The key project of the National Social Science Fund "Research on Promoting Social System Reform with Emphasis on Improving People's Livelihood" (07ASH011); Hu' nan province social science institute

Research on the Project of "Hundred Talents Program" "Research on New Urban Immigrants: An Analytical Perspective of Social Network" (05BR 13)

Although the problem of social integration has been concerned by many scholars, it has become an urgent problem because of its complexity, conditionality and fuzziness.

Different researchers hold different research perspectives in different historical periods, so their understanding and definition of social integration are different. In addition, the subject, content and process of social integration are complex, and the concept and connotation of social integration are complex and diverse. Therefore, there is not an accurate and comprehensive definition of social integration, and there are many different views on the definition of social integration, even equating social integration, cultural adaptation and citizenization. This paper aims to define an abstract, objective, scientific and practical concept of social integration by summarizing and analyzing previous concepts.

First, there are three representative views on the study of "social integration"

1. "social exclusion theory"-from the perspective of social participation

Western scholars are also very concerned about social integration, among which many studies have been made on the social integration of the unemployed, single-parent families, the disabled, the elderly and adolescents from the perspective of social exclusion. 1995 the European foundation defines "social exclusion" as "it (social exclusion) refers to the process in which individuals or groups are completely or partially excluded from full social participation." [1] Burchardt and other scholars also believe that social exclusion means that an individual lives and lives in a certain society, but he or she does not participate in the normal activities of citizens in this society, then this person is socially excluded and socially successful.

Consumer members,

Inadequate or non-participation in production, politics and social interaction may be considered as the existence of social exclusion [1]. This view holds that social exclusion has multi-level characteristics, including institutional level, economic and social development level.

Economic, political, cultural, relational and spatial exclusion. According to the theory of social exclusion, social exclusion means being completely or partially excluded from economic, social and social integration.

Multi-level dynamic process outside social or cultural system [2] (56)

. Some scholars define social inclusion from the perspective of social exclusion as "narrowing the gap, reducing the inequality between the most vulnerable groups and society, and ensuring that support can be passed on to the most needy groups." Social integration means actively promoting opportunities for participation, whether at work or at work.

Work, education or the broader social dimension "(ESFP, 2007) [3]

. This view holds that social exclusion is an objective fact for these groups and has always existed in their lives. Jed Boardman and others have studied mental health from the perspective of social integration. By summarizing and expanding the concept of social exclusion, they think that social exclusion and social integration are a pair of concepts with moral and political connotations, especially related to human rights, justice and human rights. Social exclusion means that "individuals are incapable or unable to participate in classics to a certain extent."

Economy,

In the key areas of social and cultural life, individuals' behavior is constrained, but it is not for them to choose their own behavior.

choose "[4]

Social integration is to help those who lack resources, have needs, have difficulties and cannot participate in society smoothly.

Restore their freedom and citizenship,

Fair distribution of justice and human rights and elimination of social discrimination against them. Rachel Merton and others also believe that social integration plays an extremely important role in the recovery of mental health. This view holds that "social integration can participate in and promote social life in the economic, social, psychological and political fields. realize

Social integration: the sociological significance of a concept

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Abstract: As a widely circulated academic term, social integration has attracted the attention of many scholars at home and abroad. However, so far, the academic community has not yet formed a unified opinion.

Know each other. At present, there are studies based on social participation in academic circles.

There are three representative viewpoints: social exclusion theory, social integration theory from the perspective of social equity and immigrant integration theory from the perspective of citizenization. However, these three viewpoints all have shortcomings and do not meet the scientific requirements of conceptual expression. From the sociological point of view, social integration is a subject in a weak position who can actively reflect with individuals and groups in a specific community.

A process of continuous interaction in social action. Keywords: social integration; Social action; disadvantaged groups