Historical terms in ancient world history

About three or four million years ago: human beings appeared on the earth.

About 2 million, 3 million-1 10,000 years ago: Paleolithic Age. Stone tools are very popular and fire is also used. In the later period, bones and horns were widely used. With the development of hunting and gathering industry, consanguineous families and matriarchal clan communes have emerged.

About 6.5438+0.7 million years ago: Yuanmou lived in Yuanmou, China, and was able to make and use stone tools.

About 700,000-200,000 years ago: Beijingers lived in the north of China.

About 18000 years ago: Neanderthals lived in the area where Beijingers lived.

About 30000- 10000 years ago: primitive religion appeared.

About 65438 BC+02000-4000 BC: Human Mesolithic Age. The invention and use of bows and arrows, the wide application of microliths and the development of hunting industry.

About 8000 years ago -2000 years ago: Humans entered the Neolithic Age one after another. Polished stone tools became popular, and primitive agriculture and animal husbandry appeared. The matriarchal clan commune flourished.

6000 years ago: linen and wool fabrics appeared in Asia Minor.

About 6000 BC-65438 BC+0000 BC: primitive religions and ancient religions prevailed in ancient two river basins, Asia Minor, Greece, Rome, India and Persia.

About 5000 years ago: Southwest Asia and Central Asia began to process natural copper by cold forging. Ancient Egypt used the equal arm balance, which is the earliest known weighing instrument.

About 5000 BC-4000 BC: A calendar with the laws of the sun and the moon appeared in ancient Egypt.

About 5000-3300 years ago: the original inhabitants of Hemudu culture lived in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

4000 BC-3000 BC: Ancient Egypt, Southwest Asia, South Europe, Central Europe and China began to smelt copper from ores.

3760 BC: The first year of the ancient Jewish calendar.

3500 BC-365438 BC+000 BC: Uruk period in ancient two river basins. Pottery wheels and pagoda temple buildings appeared, creating cuneiform characters. The State of Ancient Egypt (Nome) was founded. There are hieroglyphs.

3,500-3,000 years ago: In ancient times, residents in the two river basins began to use wheeled vehicles. The ancient Egyptians used plows, rakes and fertilizers in agriculture.

3372 BC: the earliest date in the Mayan chronology of ancient South America.

3 100 BC: menes (Narmai), the ruler of ancient Egypt and upper Egypt, conquered lower Egypt and initially formed a unified country. Egypt began in the early dynasty.

3000 years ago: Slavery city-states appeared in the Soviet Union and the United States in the ancient two river basins.

About 3000 years ago: ships with oars and sails appeared in ancient Egypt. Ancient Egyptians used bronze mirrors. Ancient Indians invented seal script.

3000-2300 BC: Crete civilization appeared in Aegean region.

Before 2686- before 2 18 1 year: ancient kingdom of Egypt. After the reunification of the country, pyramids were built on a large scale.

Before the 27th century: The heroic epic "Epic of Gilgamesh" in the Soviet-American era in the ancient two river basins was formed.

Before the 26th century: The famous Sphinx in ancient Egypt was completed.

2500 years ago: Ancient Sumerian medicine discovered that mineral water had healing properties, and ancient Sumerians had used oil lamps to learn how to bake bread and brew beer. Knitting machines appeared in Europe.

About 2500 BC-65438 BC+0500 BC: Assyrian period in West Asia.

Pre-25th century-pre-23rd century: The Babylonians invented carving maps on pottery.

2378- 237 BC1:Urukakina, king of lagache in ancient Sumeria, came to power and carried out the earliest reform in the world.

237 1 years ago -2 154 years ago: the period of Akkadian kingdom in ancient two river basins. King sargon unified the south of the two river basins.

About 2300 BC-65438 BC+0750 BC: Harappa culture period in ancient India.

2 18 1 years ago-before 2040: the first middle period of ancient Egypt.

2113 BC —— 2096 BC: Ullner Mu, the founder of the third Ur Dynasty in the Guliang River Valley, was in office and promulgated the Mu Code of Ullner. At the same time, the ancient Assyrian empire rose, but was ruled by the third Ur dynasty.

2040 BC-65438 BC+0786 BC: the Middle Kingdom of ancient Egypt. Bronze wares are widely used in the development of Fayong Lake area and the construction of Karnak Temple.

Pre-20 17- pre-1595: The Babylonian era in the two river basins.

2000 years ago:-Mycenae civilization appeared in the Aegean region. A mummy-making library appeared in ancient Egypt.

BC 1900-BC 1600: Linear characters appeared in ancient Greece, and bronzes were widely used.

BC 1792—— BC 1750: The 6th King of Babylon in the Two Rivers Valley was in power, and code of hammurabi was written.

BC 1786—— BC 1567: The second middle period of ancient Egypt. Hyksos invaded and ruled Egypt for more than a hundred years.

18th century ago, a farmer's calendar appeared in Babylon, Cuba, including irrigation, cultivation and harvest, which is the earliest known farmer's calendar.

BC17th century-BC14th century: the period of Hittite ancient kingdom in Asia Minor.

BC 1567- BC 1085: The New Kingdom Period of Ancient Egypt.

About 1500 BC: The ancient Egyptians used 24 alphabet symbols. The story of Sinnock, an ancient Egyptian novel, came out. The ancient Babylonians created advanced mathematics and astronomy. Horses began to be used as means of transportation. Ancient Egyptians used mercury.

Qian 1500- Qian 1000: Early Vedic Age in Ancient India. The Varna system (caste system) sprouted.

BC 1379-BC 1362: Ancient Egypt implemented the Ihnaton Reform.

BC 1300: There was a sundial in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.

BC14th century-BC12nd century: the period of the ancient Hittite Empire in West Asia.

65438 BC+the middle of the 4th century-BC 1 1 the end of the century: the Assyrian empire in ancient Asia.

Pre-1 1 century-9th century: Homer era in ancient Greece.

BC 1000: Leprosy appeared in ancient Egypt and India.

BC 1000- 600 BC: the post-Vedic period of ancient India. Aryan countries were formed and Brahmanism spread.

10 century BC-6 12 BC: the new Assyrian empire in ancient Asia. Iron appeared and was widely used.

10-5th century: The earliest philosophical work Upanishads in ancient India was formed.

The end of the 9th century: the formation of Sparta in ancient Greece.

Before the 8th century: The ancient Greek epics Iliad and Odyssey were formed and spread to Homer. Pagama people in the Middle East invented books made of parchment, called "sheepskin scrolls". Karez was founded in Armenia.

753 BC: Rome was founded.

700 BC-600 BC: Ancient Phoenicians used goat fat and plant ash to make soap.

8th century-509th century: Roman monarchy era.

626 BC-539 BC: the period of the new Babylonian kingdom in the ancient two river basins.

624-547 BC: The ancient Greek philosopher Thales was alive and founded the Miletus School.

62 1 year ago: Ancient Athens promulgated the Code of delacour.

6 10- 546 BC: The ancient Greek philosopher anaximander was alive.

7th century BC: Babylonians discovered the Charlotte cycle of repeated solar and lunar eclipses.

604 BC-5665438 BC+0 BC: Nebuchadnezzar II, the new king of Babylon in the ancient two river basins, reigned, built hanging gardens and destroyed the Jewish state.

594 BC: Solon, the ancient Greek consul of Athens, carried out political and economic reforms and promulgated the Code of Attica.

About 580-500 years ago: Pythagoras, an ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher, was alive, founded the Pythagorean school and put forward Pythagorean theorem, number harmony theory and soul reincarnation theory.

About 563 BC-483 BC: The founder of Buddhism, Sakyamuni, was alive.

558 BC-330 BC: Persian Empire in ancient West Asia.

About 540 BC-468 BC: Raft Tomona, the founder of Jainism, is alive.

About 525 BC-456 BC: Aeschylus, an ancient Greek playwright, was alive.

About 500 years ago-449 years ago: Persian War.

485-425 BC: Herodotus, an ancient Greek historian, is alive.

469 BC-399 BC: Socrates, the ancient Greek philosopher, was alive.

About 460 BC-40 BC1year: Thucydides, an ancient Greek historian, was alive and wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War.

About 460 BC-370 BC: The ancient Greek philosopher democritus was alive.

432 BC: The Parthenon was built in ancient Greece and decorated and designed by the sculptor phidias.

43 1-404 BC: peloponnesian war.

427 BC-348 BC/347 BC: The ancient Greek philosopher Plato was alive.

384 BC-322 BC: Aristotle, an ancient Greek philosopher, was alive.

3465438 BC+0 BC-270 BC: The ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus was alive.

334 BC-324 BC: Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia, led an army to March eastward to Persia, Central Asia and India, and went to Wan Li, which was a famous military expedition in the ancient history of the world.

330 BC-275 BC: Euclid, an ancient Greek mathematician, is still alive and wrote The Elements of Geometry.

323 BC-65438 BC+087 BC: Peacock Dynasty in Ancient India.

3 12- 64 BC: the kingdom of Seleucia in Central Asia and West Asia.

305-30 years ago: Ptolemy dynasty in ancient Egypt.

4th century-4th century: The ancient Indian epic Mahabharata was formed.

4th century-2nd century: the formation of the ancient Indian epic Ramayana.

287 BC-265438 BC+02 BC: Archimedes, an ancient Greek mathematician and physicist, was alive.

About 280 years ago, the Pharaoh lighthouse was built in Alexandria, ancient Egypt, which is one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

About 269 BC-232 BC: During the reign of Ashoka, the peacock dynasty of Maggoto Kingdom in ancient India, the peacock dynasty entered its heyday.

264 BC-2465438 BC+0 BC: The first Punic War happened.

247-226 BC: Parthian Empire in Iran.

234 BC-65438 BC+049 BC: Agronomist Cato lived in Rome.

22 1 year ago: China established the Qin dynasty.

2 18- 20 BC1:The Second Punic War happened.

2 15-204 BC: The first Macedonian war took place.

200 years ago-197 years ago: The Second Macedonian War took place.

Three centuries ago, the Ptolemaic Dynasty of Egypt built a huge Alexandria Library in Alexandria, and Eratosthenes of ancient Greece pioneered the word "geography".

BC 17 1 year-BC 168: The third Macedonian War took place.

BC 149—— BC 146: The Third Punic War happened.

Before 106-43: Cicero, an ancient Roman politician and philosopher, first put forward the theory of natural law systematically and established the eclectic philosophy system.

2nd century BC: The ancient Greeks built the altar of Zeus. Alexandros, an ancient Greek sculptor, completed the round marble carving of Aphrodite, the representative of ancient Greek sculpture. Ajanta Grottoes were excavated in ancient India.

99-55 years ago: Roman philosopher Lucretius was alive.

73 BC-765438 BC+0 BC: Spartacus Uprising in ancient Rome.

The first 45 years: julian calendar began to implement it.

44 years ago: Caesar was assassinated in the Senate.

The first 43 years: Octavian formed the last three alliances with Anthony and Rebida.

3 1 year ago: The naval battle of Aktim broke out, Octavian defeated the navy of Antony and Cleopatra VII, and they were forced to flee to Egypt.

Thirty years ago: Octavian invaded Egypt, Antony and Cleopatra VII committed suicide one after another, and Octavian became the supreme ruler of Rome.

Twenty-seven years ago: Octavian was honored as Augustus by the Senate, and Rome entered the imperial period.

The first 7 or 4 years: According to legend, the founder of Christianity, Jesus, was born.

BC 1 century: Greek sculptors Eier Sandroos, Norodos and Polizoros carved the marble statue "laocoon".

Twenty-five years: China became emperor, built Wu, and made Luoyang its capital. Early eastern Han dynasty

30 years: It is said that Jesus was crucified, and then his disciples began to spread Christianity.

70: Rome captured Jerusalem, burned the Jewish temple and expelled the Jews.

76: Mount Vesuvius destroys Pompeii.

1 century-6th century: the imperial period of Central Asia.

100: Christian music rose in Central Asia, and Armenian hymns and Syrian hymns were established one after another.

10 1 year: the Roman emperor Trajan led troops to destroy dacia and immigrated here, which was the origin of Romania.

120- 124: Rome built the Pantheon, which is the largest dome temple in ancient times.

129-200: Ancient Roman Galen systematized Greek anatomical knowledge and medical knowledge and founded human physiological anatomy.

2 12: Emperor caracalla of the Roman Empire issued the Antoninus decree, granting citizenship to all freemen in the empire.

227: Ardashir I perishes in Parthia and establishes Sassanian dynasty.

284: The Roman emperor Diocletian set out to restore order first.

292: Diocletian promoted the "four emperors * * * ruling system".

3 13: Constantine I and Ricini issued Milan decree to legalize Christianity.

3 17: Jin Yuan Emperor of China, known as Jiankang King of Jin and Eastern Jin in history.

320-540: Gupta Dynasty in Ancient India

330- 1453: Byzantine art is very popular in Europe and West Asia, especially in architecture and mosaic painting.

4th century: The Kingdom of Ghana, an ancient West African country, was founded.

392: Roman Emperor Theodosius I establishes Christianity as the state religion.

In 395, the Roman Empire was divided into the Eastern Roman Empire and the Western Roman Empire.

529: Justinian closes Athens College.

532-537: Hagia Sophia was built in Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, and is a representative of Byzantine architecture.

534: Vandal was destroyed in East Rome. Justinian code completed.