What are the secrets of the Qing government's blockade of Changbai Mountain for 200 years?

In the Qing Dynasty, the narrow sense of Changbai Mountain refers to the towering main peaks at the southern foot of Changbai Mountain, including Changbai, Fusong, Antu, Helong and Linjiang. The Changbai Mountain area in a broad sense refers to the Changbai Mountain system or the Changbai Mountain range, which is the general name of the mountainous areas in northeast China and northern Korea, including Wangqing County, Hunchun City, Yanji City, Tumen City, Dunhua City, Longjing City, helong city, Antu County, Fusong County, Jingyu County, baishan city, Jiangyuan County, Linjiang City, Changbai Korean Autonomous County, huinan county, meihekou city, Liuhe County, Tonghua City and Tonghua County.

"History. "Century" contains: "The land where Nuzhen was born is Huntongjiang and Changbai Mountain. Huntongjiang River is also called Heilongjiang, so-called "White Mountain Black Water". "White Mountain and Black Water" refers to Changbai Mountain and Heilongjiang, generally referring to the northeast of China. In the Qing dynasty, this was the land of Longxing in the Qing dynasty. Superstitious view holds that it is the Long Mai of the Qing Dynasty and the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. As long as Long Mai is not destroyed, the Qing Dynasty will be stable forever.

Therefore, Changbai Mountain, as the seat of Long Mai in the Qing Dynasty, has always been attached importance to by the Qing Dynasty and strictly prohibited.

Generally speaking, the reason why the Qing Dynasty banned Changbai Mountain was mainly for the following reasons:

First, Changbai Mountain area has always been regarded as "the fundamental important place of the country" by the Qing Dynasty, and it is the Long Mai of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, in order to protect this area and avoid being destroyed by some people with infidelity, thus damaging the foundation of the Qing Dynasty, Qianlong clearly put forward that "Shengjing and Jilin are places where North Korea thrives, and it is closely related to Manchu customs if refugees live together", so it is necessary to "prohibit refugees from entering the country forever.

Second, leave a way out for future generations. As we all know, the population of Han nationality in Qing Dynasty was much larger than that of Manchu, and the Qing Dynasty was able to enter the Central Plains largely by luck, not by strength. Therefore, after the Qing dynasty entered the customs, it has been preparing to retreat to the northeast once the Central Plains changed. As the life-saving place of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty naturally won't let foreigners, led by the Han people, get their hands on it. It will definitely only let the Manchu control the area. Since it doesn't want outsiders to get their hands on it, the only option is to block this area and prohibit outsiders from entering.

Third, consider the flag bearer. The Qing emperor intended to use the land in Changbai Mountain as a reserve resource for Manchu, and outsiders were not allowed to use it. In the eighth year of Jiaqing, Jiaqing clearly pointed out in the imperial edict that "the three northeastern provinces are the foundation of Manchuria. If immigrants live together and cultivate land privately, it will inevitably endanger the livelihood of Manchu." After all, with the production technology and ability of Manchu, they are certainly not as good as the Han people who have cultivated land for thousands of years. If the Qing dynasty released the ban on Changbai Mountain, the land in this area would be taken away by the Han people, and the livelihood of Manchu people would become a problem. Once something goes wrong with the Manchu people, it will inevitably shake the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, in order to protect the interests of Manchu, the Qing Dynasty only banned Changbai Mountain.

Fourth, in order to monopolize ginseng, mink, velvet antler and other resources. Most of these specialties are unique to Changbai Mountain and have great economic value. They can not only meet the needs of the royal family for these rare specialties, but also monopolize them to provide endless wealth for the Qing royal family. In this way, in order to control these specialties, Changbai Mountain area was naturally banned.

Of course, although the Qing government implemented a strict policy of banning Changbai Mountain, it was actually impossible to stop it in the real implementation process, and there were still a large number of outsiders entering Changbai Mountain.

Although the Qing Dynasty completely closed Changbai Mountain area from the 16th year of Kangxi (1677), it still could not prevent a large number of Han people from moving in. In the thirty-third year of Kangxi (1694), Heilongjiang general Sabusu played "Every year, not less than 30,000 to 40,000 people go to Jilin, Ningguta and other places to steal ginseng". According to relevant statistics, in the Qing Dynasty, there were 65,438+10,000 Han people entering the Northeast from Shanhaiguan only in the three dynasties of Shunzhi, Kangxi and Yongzheng, although this figure was nothing to China.

In this way, due to unpredictability and various factors, the blockade of Changbai Mountain in Qing Dynasty actually lasted only until Daoguang period, and then the blockade of this area was gradually lifted by Qing Dynasty. In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), the Qing government began to encourage the people in Shanhaiguan pass to reclaim land in the northeast, so people from Shandong, Hebei, Henan and other places in Shanhaiguan pass began to move to the northeast in large numbers, and a considerable number of immigrants entered the Changbai Mountain area. "East Phoenix, Fuyang, Soda Factory and Wangqing are four doors away, thousands of miles from north to south, and they are barren.

In addition, at that time, in addition to the Han people involved, there were Koreans from North Korea who crossed the border to settle in Changbai Mountain in order to make a living. According to statistics, by the thirty-second year of Guangxu (1906), the number of Korean settlers in Yanji and Longyan alone had soared to14,650 households with 72,470 people, and by the second year of Xuantong (65,470).