China's maritime territory includes territorial sea and contiguous zone.

China's maritime territory includes territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone and continental shelf.

I. territorial sea:

The sea area with a certain width adjacent to the coast or internal water within the sovereignty of the coastal state is an integral part of the national territory. The airspace, seabed and subsoil of the territorial sea belong to the sovereign jurisdiction of coastal countries.

Second, the contiguous zone:

A certain width of sea area adjacent to the territorial sea outside the territorial sea of the coastal state, where the coastal state exercises jurisdiction over its customs, finance, health and immigration affairs.

Third, the exclusive economic zone:

It refers to a regional concept put forward in public international law to solve territorial disputes between countries or regions. The exclusive economic zone refers to the area adjacent to the territorial sea outside the territorial sea. The exclusive economic zone shall not exceed 200 nautical miles from the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured, but it does not include points close to another country.

Four. Continental shelf:

Land extends along the mainland to the ocean below the sea surface, a continent covered by seawater. In the past ice age, due to the decline of sea level, the continental shelf often emerged from the sea surface and became land and land bridge; During the interglacial period, it was submerged by rising seawater and became a shallow sea. The continental shelf is a natural extension of the mainland to the ocean and is usually considered as a part of the land.

Characteristics of China's maritime territory;

First, the vast sea area:

China sea area starts from the northern shore of Bohai Sea in the north and ends at the southern end of South China Sea in the south, spanning 44 latitudes and about 4,500 kilometers long. It starts from the China Beibu Gulf in the west and reaches the eastern boundary of the East China Sea in the east, passing through more than 20 longitudes, with a width of more than 2,000 kilometers. The Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea cover an area of over 4.7 million square kilometers. China's vast sea area provides a vast space for the development and utilization of marine resources.

Second, the coastline is long:

Chinese mainland coastline, from the mouth of Yalu River in the north to the mouth of Beilun River in the south, with a total length of18,000 kilometers. If more than 6,500 island coastlines are added, the total coastline is more than 32,000 kilometers. The Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea have developed many ports and islands along the long coastline.

Third, there are many islands:

China is a multi-island country with more than 6,500 islands. Most of the islands in China are located on the mainland coast. According to the genetic classification, they can be divided into three types: bedrock island, alluvial island and coral island. Bedrock islands are closely related to the mainland in geological structure, and are mostly distributed in the sea near the mountainous and hilly coast (bedrock coast).