Why did Taiwan Province Province separate from Fujian? How did the Qing government manage Taiwan Province Province after the establishment of the province?

Although the Qing Dynasty conquered Taiwan Province Province, all the Qing people were cavalry, and they were not good at water warfare, let alone coastal defense. After Zheng Ke (Shuang Tu) resigned, ministers advocated giving up defense. Only when I personally visited Shi Lang in the north and south of Taiwan Province Province, did I know the importance of Taiwan Province Province and tried to "never leave" Kangxi. Eight months later, it was finally finalized. 1684 (twenty-third year of Kangxi), Taiwan Province Province established the Taiwanese government, which was subordinate to Fujian Province and consisted of Taiwan Province Province, Fengshan County and Zhuluo County. Taiwan Province Province was formally incorporated into Chinese territory.

At that time, the Qing dynasty had strict restrictions on immigration:

First, those who want to ferry to Taiwan Province Province should first take photos of their origin, and then pass the inspection of Garrison Road in Taiwan Province and Xiamen, and be approved according to the inspection of Haiphong Tongzhi in Taiwan Province Province; Divers are strict.

2. Those crossing Taiwan Province are not allowed to bring their families; Those who have crossed Taiwan Province may not incur.

Third, Guangdong has been turned into the lair of pirates for many times, and its people were forbidden to go to Taiwan because of their stubborn habits.

Although there are many restrictions on crossing Taiwan, the population of Fujian and Guangdong is already overpopulated and it is difficult to make a living. I heard that Taiwan Province Province is vast in territory and abundant in natural resources, and those who are bold have embarked on the road of smuggling. Despite repeated requests from the Qing government, the number of immigrants in Taiwan Province Province increased year by year, from 1683 to 1780 (45 years after Qianlong). In the past century, the ban on crossing Taiwan has been relaxed and tightened, and it is estimated that the number of Han people has increased by 700 thousand to 800 thousand. By the year 18 1 1 year (Jiaqing 16), there were nearly 2 million Han people and about 65,438+million Gaoshan people. It was during this period that many ancestors of Taiwan Province residents moved to present-day Taiwan Province Province.

1840 (20 years of Daoguang) On June 16, a British double-masted warship appeared outside Luermen. 180 years ago, Zheng successfully landed here. Haiphong soldiers immediately reported to Yao Ying, commander of Taiwan Province Military Region at that time (the highest military officer in Taiwan Province Province at that time). The famous litterateurs in Qing Dynasty immediately ordered the blockade and pursuit, but the British warship seemed to have no intention of provocation. After cruising for a while, it turned around.

Three days later, 48 well-equipped British warships arrived in Macau from Cape Town, South Africa. The British Parliament ordered Admiral george elliot to use force against China. The reason is that Lin Zexu, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, destroyed about 30,000 boxes of British opium in Humen, Guangzhou on June 1839, and stopped British trade in China. Under the lobbying of interest groups, the British Parliament passed this war, which was called by opposition members as "a war that will make the British people ashamed forever", with 27 1 vote to 262 and 9 votes.

At the end of June, the Sino-British Opium War broke out; The following year, the war spread to Taiwan Province province. The British warship New Buda attacked the henhouse, and the artillery stormed Ersha Bay. The Qing army returned fire, and the British ship was shot and ran aground. 204 Indian soldiers were captured. In September, the British army shelled the henhouse again and was repelled. In June of the following year, the British army attacked Da 'an Port again, still failing.

1842 (twenty years of Daoguang) The Qing Dynasty was forced to sign the first unequal treaty in the history of China-treaty of nanking. Since then, the nightmare of the Qing Dynasty has been repeated, and Taiwan Province Province has embarked on a tortuous journey.

During the continuous invasion of foreign countries in Qing Dynasty, descendants of immigrants from Kanggan Jiaqing continued to work silently in all parts of Taiwan Province Province. In the1860s, Taiwan Province Province has developed into an agricultural society dominated by towns and clan organizations. At that time, Taiwan Province Province had set up 3 prefectures and 3 halls 1 1 county, most of which were towns where Han people gathered. From 1840 (20 years of Daoguang) to 1860 (20 years of Xianfeng 10), Taiwan Province Province gradually completed its transformation into an agricultural society without interference, but the tide of history did not ignore Taiwan Province Province.

After treaty of nanking ceded Hong Kong, Taiwan Province Province, which is rich in resources, strategy and trade status, became the next target of the great powers.

1848 (the 28th year of Daoguang), the British navy prefect personally went to Taiwan Province Province to explore the Geelong coal mine.

1853 (the third year of Xianfeng), the U.S ambassador to China urged the U.S government to occupy the east or south of Taiwan Province province. Harris, the first American envoy to Japan, collected more materials, wrote a detailed and complete report and sent it to the US Secretary of State, urging that Taiwan Province Province must be occupied. It coincided with the American Civil War, so the matter was shelved.

1860 (Xianfeng 10). After the Second Opium War, the Qing Dynasty signed the Tianjin-Beijing Treaty. The desire of the great powers to open Taiwan Province Province for trade has finally come true.

Due to the huge demand for natural resources after the industrial revolution in Europe and America, tea, sugar and camphor in Taiwan Province Province immediately became the main export commodities after the ports were opened in Danshui, Anping and Dagou (Kaohsiung). However, the money has gone to foreigners and wealthy businessmen, and the life of the grassroots people in Taiwan Province Province has not improved.

1875 (the first year of Guangxu), just as the self-improvement movement was being launched all over the mainland, Li Hongzhang and Shen Baozhen took a fancy to Keelung's coal mine and decided to open a western-style government-run coal plant in Keelung's old pit. They hired British mining engineers, bought the most advanced equipment and hired excellent miners. All parties, including the British Consul in Danshui, have great expectations for this mine, and think that Keelung will soon become an important coal supply base in the Far East. However, due to inconvenient transportation, the cost of transporting the coal mine to Geelong Port was too high, and it failed.

1874 (Tongzhi 13) is a year of rewriting Sino-Japanese relations. It goes back to three years ago. 187 1 winter, a group of Ryukyu people drifted to Bayaowan Port in the southeast of Taiwan Province Province (now north of Jialeshui in Taitung County), and after landing, they mistakenly entered the Peony Club. Among them, 54 Gaoshan people were killed and rescued 12 people. They were sent back to Ryukyu with the assistance of the Taiwan provincial government.