Learn from history and seek positive interaction

In the past, industry, agriculture, forestry, mining, transportation, water conservancy, etc. were all in their own way and did their own thing. Not only did the investment lack complementarity, but the comprehensive social cost was high, and it also caused serious waste of resources and environmental damage. Our country has made many mistakes in this regard and has learned profound lessons. With the rapid development of the economy, our country is facing the challenges of resources, population, and environmental problems. When planning and constructing major engineering projects, we must especially take into account economic, social and environmental benefits.

Looking at many major engineering projects from the perspective of land and economic planning, it is not difficult to find the inherent connections between them. These major engineering projects are often related to the utilization of land resources, environmental protection, and economic and social development. They interact to form a "complex giant system". This requires the use of the ideas and theories of complexity science and systems engineering to systematically analyze the comprehensiveness, regionality, forward-looking, follow-up utilization and investment complementarity of planned projects from the perspective of being conducive to the sustainable development of the economy and society. Plan the layout, find the best results of the project, and achieve the maximum economic, social and environmental benefits with the minimum investment.

There is a story in Chinese history about "Ding Wei repairing the palace". During the reign of Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty, a fire burned the entire palace in the capital into ruins and rubble. After the disaster, Emperor Zhenzong ordered Duke Ding Wei of Jin to take charge of the palace restoration project. According to conventional methods, the palace restoration project must first clean up the remaining bricks and tiles and transport them out of the capital, then take soil from other places to make bricks and tiles, and transport wood, stone and other construction materials. This will inevitably require a lot of manpower, material and financial resources. Ding Wei went against the norm. He first investigated and surveyed the palace site, carefully planned it, and formulated a complete plan for the palace restoration project. First, the thoroughfare was excavated, the broken bricks were used to build the kiln, the burnt wood was used as firewood, the soil excavated from the thoroughfare was used to make bricks, and the bricks and tiles were fired on the spot. The deep ditch of the thoroughfare was dug to connect with the Bian River, and rafts carrying stone and wood could sail directly to the gate of the palace. After the project is completed, all construction waste will be filled into the deep ditch to restore the original shape of the thoroughfare. As a result, the complex project of restoring the palace was completed smoothly and quickly. The secret of Ding Wei's success in restoring the palace lies in the use of systems engineering thinking.

Building a dam at the entrance of the Qiantang River will form a positive interaction in many aspects. It will not only solve the traffic problem, but also build a very large freshwater reservoir that can store about 400×108m3 of water——" "Hangzhou Bay Ecological Reservoir" will solve the existing water resources and many ecological and environmental problems. While maintaining the normal water level of Hangzhou Bay, the flow direction of approximately 380×108m3 of fresh water entering the sea from the Qiantang River Estuary every year is changed, and this huge amount of fresh water is guided through the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and the Hangzhou-Ningbo Canal to the Hangjiahu Plain, where water resources are scarce and water quality is deteriorating. In Shanghai, southern Jiangsu and the Ningshao Plain, the water quality environment of the entire Yangtze River Delta region has been improved, benefiting more than 100 million people. Its comprehensive benefits are far beyond that of a simple cross-sea bridge. At the same time, using the silt removed from the reservoir area to reclaim land from the sea can add a large piece of land, thereby implementing "ecological migration" and "ecological migration" of township industries, thus effectively promoting Zhejiang and the entire Yangtze River Delta region. ecological restoration and sustainable economic and social development.

Launching this systematic project can also greatly stimulate domestic economic demand in Zhejiang and even the entire Yangtze River Delta region, activating many industries such as cement, building materials, water conservancy, construction, environmental protection, shipping, and agriculture to form new rapid developments. situation, thereby promoting the overall development of the regional economy. Its demonstration effect will also have an important impact across the country.

By the way, it is pointed out that some other bridges in the Zhoushan island-connecting project must also solve traffic problems, store fresh water, carry out land reclamation, and provide subsequent use for port construction. Make overall plans and achieve multiple goals with one stone. In this way, the comprehensive social cost will definitely decrease, and the economic and social benefits will be significantly improved.

What we put forward here is only a very preliminary idea. Some known problems need further study, and many new problems still need to be explored. We also know that the implementation of the "Hangzhou Bay Ecological Reservoir" plan will involve many problems and is very difficult.

Li Ruihuan (1998) pointed out in his speech on several water issues in my country that for thousands of years, our ancestors have shown extraordinary talents and created brilliant achievements in water control. In 250 BC, Li Bing built the Dujiangyan Irrigation System to divert water from the Min River to irrigate the Chengdu Plain, making this area "no famine and no famine". In 214 BC, Shi Lu dug the Ling Canal to divert water from the Xiang River into the Li River, connecting the two major water systems of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River. It still has the functions of agricultural irrigation and urban water supply. In 612 AD, the Sui Dynasty built the Grand Canal, with a total length of 1,780 kilometers. It connected the five major water systems of the Qiantang River, Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Yellow River, and Haihe River, and became the main transportation artery between the north and south of my country. It still ranks first in the world's artificial rivers. The conditions we have today exceed those of any dynasty. Not to mention the social system and humanistic quality, in terms of economic strength, science and technology, it is far from being comparable to that of previous dynasties. We believe that the construction of a large ecological reservoir in Hangzhou Bay and the implementation of water and soil transformation projects in the entire basin will surely control the poor water quality of Qishan Mountains and restore clear water and oasis, creating a better living space for us today and for future generations.