Slave-born emperor

& gt At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the "Eight Kings Rebellion" broke out in the decadent Sima ruling group. Like a group of animals fighting for corpses, they frantically killed and fought for more than 20 years, causing long-term wars and divisions and bringing endless disasters to people of all ethnic groups. During this period, an outstanding minority leader appeared. He knew nothing, became a slave, set out with the "Eighteen Riders", leveled all kinds of separatist forces in the north in just ten years, unified the whole north of the Yangtze River except Yan State, established Zhao State (known as Hou Zhao in history), and finally became an emperor. He is from Schleswig. & gt The Jie nationality is one of the Xiongnu 19 species that entered the fortress in Han Dynasty. Chinese is shallow and illiterate. Using Han surnames and their own names, they are scattered in Shangdang area of Shanxi. Schleswig's father, surnamed Zhou, was originally a small leader of the tribe, but when he was young, Schleswig had to hire someone else to be a guest, which showed that he was poor. & gt During the Tai 'an period of the Western Jin Dynasty (302-303 AD), there was a great famine in the north. "Many people are hungry, but they are more eager to sell, and countless people are running around." Jie people are very hungry. In order to survive, they run around. Schleswig-Holstein was caught by officials in the Western Jin Dynasty during his escape and sold to Chiping County, Shandong Province as a farm slave. The buyer saw his majestic appearance and was afraid that he would incite other farm slaves to revolt, so he let him go. Although Schleswig was released, he had no livelihood, so he contacted and organized eight people to plunder in the distance, and then developed ten people, which was called "Eighteen Rides" in history. Schleswig-Holstein recruited these outlaws from Shan Ye with the 18th Riding as the backbone and organized an invading army. & gt In 307 AD, Schleswig and Sangji, a bandit, attacked Yecheng, a famous city with Cao Cao as its capital in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, killing Sima Teng, the new king of the Western Jin Dynasty. They tried their best to burn, kill and plunder, and turned this famous city into ruins. Soon, Schleswig and Sanchi were defeated by the Western Jin army, and Sanchi was killed. Schleswig-Holstein defected to Liu Yuan and became a general under Liu Yuan. & gt Liu Yuan, the leader of Xiongnu, was appointed as the left commander of Xiongnu in the Western Jin Dynasty. He used the "Eight Kings Rebellion" to rebel against Jin in Shanxi in 304 AD, and established the Han State, calling himself Hanwang. Due to the submission of Schleswig-Holstein and others, Liu Yuan's power was greatly enhanced, and he soon claimed to be the emperor. & gt Schleswig-Holstein is very brave and good at fighting, and Liu Yuan relies on him very much. Even Liu Kun, a general in the Western Jin Dynasty, said that he "did not attach importance to the art of war, but he coincided with Sun and Wu". In the constant siege and plunder, Schleswig's army has grown to100000. From then on, he changed the simple burning, killing and looting in the past and adopted some political means, with obvious political goals. For example, after the capture of Huguan, "the army selflessly plundered and the people became pregnant"; Duan mozheng, the leader of Xianbei, was released, saying that "killing one person today is an enemy of a country, and it is not a plan", which made Xianbei people in western Liaoning "merciful and compassionate" and "please surrender and call them princes"; Schleswig founded a school to select literary scholars to teach the children of generals. Schleswig-Holstein himself is elegant and studious. Even in the army, he invited Confucian scholars to read him history books such as Hanshu, Zuozhuan and Guoyu. What's more, he followed the old adage that "those who get the men get the world, those who lose them get the world" and began to recruit talents and scholars extensively, ordered his subordinates not to kill captured scholars, set up a "gentleman camp" for captured scholars, and selected low-level scholars (that is, lower-level intellectuals) to serve as officials at all levels in order to gain trust and reuse. & gt Zhang Bin, a frustrated scholar, whose grandfather was once a small official in the Western Jin Dynasty, was unable to display his ambition under the strict door of the Western Jin Dynasty, but went to Schleswig, gaining the trust of Schleswig. Schleswig put him in charge of military affairs before he ascended the throne, and then put him in charge of state affairs after he ascended the throne, which made outstanding contributions to Schleswig's foundation and career. Schleswig-Holstein not only trusted Zhang Bin very much, but also respected him very much. Never call him by his first name, but call him "You Hou". After Zhang Bin's death, Schleswig-Holstein personally mourned the sacrifice, which made people cry. Even years after Zhang Bin's death, Schleswig wept every time he thought of Zhang Bin. & gt Guangxu, another scholar, was dissatisfied with Schleswig when he started as a consultant. He even rolled up his sleeves and let his clothes face to face, so that Schleswig could not leave the stage. Schleswig angrily locked up his family. Later, I heard that he was talented, so I quickly let him go and didn't remember to reuse him. He became one of the most important advisers of Schleswig-Holstein in his later years. & gt Schleswig-Holstein ordered state and county officials to recommend one scholar, one filial, one incorruptible, one virtuous, one outspoken and one brave, for his employment every year. Unlike Liu Yuan, Schleswig used only Xiongnu nobles. Except for the Shi family, almost all appointed officials are low-level scholars of the Han nationality. & gt Schleswig-Holstein is still very tolerant of these low-level people he used, and he doesn't remember much. Law enforcement in Schleswig is very strict. According to the law, Czech people are called "China people" and "taboo Hu Youjun", otherwise they will be severely punished. Once, a drunken valerian rode a horse and had a conflict with the palace gate. Schleswig was furious and asked the officials in charge of the palace gate why they didn't stop it. In his anxiety, the official forgot his taboo and blurted out, "It was a drunken semi-final of the conference, and he couldn't stop it. How can conference semifinals talk? " Schleswig laughed: "Hu people are really hard to talk." There is no punishment for the door officer. On another occasion, Schleswig prepared to promote and reuse Fan Tan, an upright official. When he was summoned, he was surprised to see that his clothes and hat were worn out and said, "How can you be so poor?" Fan Tan said angrily, "I just got robbed by a thief!" Schleswig said with a smile, "I'll pay for the thief who robbed you!" " FanTan know ran a catastrophe, busy kowtow to apologize. Schleswig-Holstein said: "My law is to prevent and prohibit ordinary people, not your old scholars." And gave Fan Tan three million dollars. & gt In 3 14 AD, there were only two important towns in the northern part of the Western Jin Dynasty, Youzhou, which was held by Wang Jun, and Bingzhou, which was held by Liu Kun. Schleswig defeated or destroyed other separatist forces in the north and became the largest armed force in the north. In order to destroy Wang Jun and Liu Kun, Schleswig first used the discord between Wang Jun and Liu to stabilize Liu Kun, then used Wang Jun's ambition to pretend that he was the son of heaven, deliberately concealed the elite troops in front of Wang Jun's envoys, used the old and weak to show weakness, hung a deer tail given by Wang Jun in the class, and bowed respectfully in the morning and evening, making Wang Jun in a daze regard him as a confidant. Schleswig's army has arrived in Youzhou, and even his generals are not allowed to resist, saying, "Shi Gong came to support me as emperor. I'll kill anyone who tries to stop Schleswig! "There will be a feast waiting for the arrival of Schleswig. As a result, Schleswig captured and killed Wang Jun with a single soldier. Then, Liu Kun was driven away, and all the remnants of the Western Jin Dynasty in the north were wiped out. & gt In 3 19 AD, Schleswig broke off the relationship between monarch and minister with Liu Yao, the ruler of the Han Dynasty, saying that there was no special provision for the establishment of the emperor. It's my call to the king, so why Liu Yaofeng? So Schleswig claimed to be the Prince of Zhao, with its capital in Guo Xiang (now Xingtai County, Hebei Province). & gt After Schleswig established its capital, with the help of many advisers headed by Zhang Bin, a set of political systems was gradually established. First, hukou, fixed rent and tax, farming mulberry classes, and restoring the war-torn economy; The second is to advocate order, establish imperial academy and advocate enlightenment; Third, simply select the decrees of past dynasties and formulate the "Xinhai system" to stabilize social order; The fourth is to rectify the official management, reward honesty and punish greed, abolish the nine-grade official law since Wei and Jin Dynasties, and select and appoint officials at all levels by means of recommendation and examination. At the same time, it adopted a good-neighborly policy towards the Eastern Jin Dynasty, ordered the restoration of the ancestral grave of Zu Ti, the commander of the Eastern Jin frontier fortress, and put the rebels in the Eastern Jin Dynasty to death and presented them to Zu Ti, so that the border between the two countries was appeased and the people were temporarily at peace. & gt In 328, Schleswig captured and killed Liu Yao, pardoned everyone under Liu Yao, and completely unified the whole north. & gt In 330, Schleswig summoned the emperor and said: If I meet Emperor Gaozu, I will be his vassal; If you meet Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty and compete with him in the Central Plains, you still don't know who will die. I belong to two Liu. & gt Schleswig-Holstein intends to learn from Emperor Gaozu and imitate the Western Han Dynasty politically. One year, he invited an old friend from his hometown to Beijing for discussion, but he didn't see his neighbor Li Yang. Only after asking did I know that Li Yang was afraid to come because he had a fight with Schleswig to wash the hemp pool. Schleswig immediately sent for Li Yang and chatted with him: "I used to be afraid that your fist was hard, and you also suffered from my bad hands." He also said to everyone: "Wuxiang (hometown) is my wealth (hometown of Emperor Gaozu), and my soul will go back after a hundred years. "Because Schleswig-Holstein was born in a poor peasant family, he deeply understood the sufferings of farmers. After he captured a place, he strongly rewarded farming and weaving, and personally visited those hardworking farmers. He also reduced rents and taxes many times due to the disaster years, banned wine making, went on strike to repair the palace, and "cultivated the land by himself." & gt Schleswig-Holstein is also satisfied with people who can be trained and is strict with the law. He ordered his subordinates: there are laws and regulations in all aspects now. If I sometimes issue decrees out of anger or anger and violate laws and regulations, you should protest immediately. Once, Schleswig was preparing to build a palace, and Ting Wei continued to write letters to protest. Schleswig was furious: "If I don't kill this old guy, my palace can't be built!" " Guangxu advised, "What he said can be used, but forget it. Why kill the minister just because of one sentence? "Schleswig sighed," ordinary people want to build a house again when they have money, and I am the emperor who owns the world. I know what he said is advice, so let's call it a day. Being the son of heaven, you can't do it on your own! "I also rewarded the continuation of salt. Once Schleswig went out incognito at night and was stopped by a small official guarding the city gate, ready to arrest him. Although he explained it again and again, he was still not lenient. Fortunately, his followers arrived and were not imprisoned. The next day, he immediately summoned the door officer, and rewarded him with the rank of Commissioner and Captain Zhong Zhen. & gt Schleswig-Holstein repeatedly issued imperial edicts to his bannermen, encouraging them to speak out and protest boldly. He also personally visited various places and directly consulted people's opinions. Before the inspection, the county magistrate was sent to tell the people what to say and not to hide it. Therefore, during the whole Schleswig-Holstein period, "Striving hard with sincerity" appeared a new atmosphere that had never been seen since Wei and Jin Dynasties. & gt In 333 AD, Xerox died, leaving orders: make up for the funeral with ordinary clothes, don't hide treasures and play with them, let the officials wear simple clothes and be buried in three days, and can't help the people to marry, sacrifice, drink and eat meat. & gt After Schleswig's death, the throne was seized by his nephew Shi Jilong (that is, Shi Hu). Skillon is cruel, murderous, extravagant, and the same sex as the beast. He not only killed most of the old ministers of Schleswig, but also killed all the sons of Schleswig. Deprive the people and overhaul the palace. Even so, due to the ruling foundation laid by Schleswig-Holstein, the post-Zhao Dynasty lasted for 17 years and did not perish until the death of Skillon in 350 AD. & gt Schleswig-Holstein changed from a slave who knew nothing to an emperor, and the established ruling system lasted for more than 30 years, which is unique not only in China, but also in the world. Fang Fang, the author of History of Jin Dynasty and a famous minister in Tang Dynasty, once gave him a high evaluation: "The conquest and annexation of Han and Wei Dynasties, relying on its wizards to steal the emperor's emblem, according to the ancient city, all resisted the Jin Dynasty; Take off the felt hair of ethnic minorities and put on the clothes of Han nationality; Give up purely military strikes, advocate chaos control, advocate enlightenment, and conduct civilized treatment; The neighboring enemy countries surrendered in fear of their power, and the remote places inherited weathering and surrendered. The best ruler in ancient times failed to surpass him! " "Don't think he is a savage, it should be said that he is a generation of yingjie. "Even today, these evaluations are relatively objective and fair.