Source of Kong surname

Kong's surname mainly comes from his son's surname, or from his personal name and ancestor's name. For example, the descendants of Shang Tang, the founder of Shang Dynasty, took his name as their surname; Jia, the father of Kong, Sima in Song Dynasty, was the ancestor of Kong. The child's surname. Or take a person's name or ancestor's name as a surname. For example, in the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Zheng came from Ji's surname Kong and took the descendants of Zheng Mugong as the surname; Since ancient times, Weiguo has a surname of Kong, a descendant of the Yellow Emperor, taking the ancestral word as his surname; Chen Zi, whose surname is Kong, thinks that he is a descendant of Shun. It is the 98th surname in China, with a large population of about 3.323 million, accounting for 0.29% of the Han population in China and 0.2 1% of the total population in China.

The origin of ancestors

1 is derived from the surname Zi, a descendant of the Shang Dynasty monarch, and one of his descendants combined the surname Zi and the "b" in the surname Shang into the surname Kong.

2. From the surname. After Jia, the father of Sima Kong in the Song Dynasty, Wei, a descendant of Wei, was sealed in the Song Dynasty in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. After Wei's death, his younger brother Song Weizhong succeeded to the throne. Jia, the father of the ninth Sun Kong, was a Sima in the Song Dynasty and was also the object of persecution. His descendants fled to Lu, taking "Kong" as their surname, and their son's surname was Kong. Kong's sixth grandson is Confucius.

3. It originated from Ji's surname and was named after Ji Kongzhu, a doctor of Wei in the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a discipline among the doctors in Wei, so among the descendants of Ji, there was a surname named Kong.

4. It originated from Dr. Chen Guo's Gui family in the Spring and Autumn Period and belonged to the ancestor's surname. According to historical records such as Dialectics of Ancient and Modern Surnames, there was a doctor named Gui in Chen State (now Huaiyang, Henan Province) during the Spring and Autumn Period.

Among the descendants of Guangxi, there are those who take their ancestral surname as their surname, which is called Kong's, that is, Kong's in Chen Jun.

5. Originated from Ji surname, it belongs to the ancestor surname after Zheng Mugong Ji Lan in the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Ji Lan, the monarch of Zheng State (now Xinzheng, Henan Province), was named Ji. Among his descendants, some people took their ancestors' names as surnames, which were passed down from generation to generation, and were called Zheng Kongshi in history.

6. Kong's family has existed since ancient times.

7. It originated from Manchu, belongs to Chinese, and changed its surname to surname.

(1) The Luo family of the Manchu Kongguo, also known as the Luo family of Kongguo, lives in kongolo Hala in Manchu and Huang Ma in Chinese. After many coronations, the Han surname was Kong and Guang.

(2) Manchu Konila, whose Manchu language is Konilahara, lives in Heilongjiang. After many coronations, the surname of China people is Kong.

(3) The Koudai nationality of Manchu, also known as Kuadai nationality, is called Koudaihala in Manchu, which means "pocket of Han people" in Chinese, and lives in Hada (now Xiaoqing River Basin in Xifeng, Liaoning). After many coronations, the surname of China people is Kong.

(4) The Kujala family of Manchu, also known as Bayala, originated from the Jurchen of Yala, surnamed Bu, and the Manchu language is Kujala Hala. They once lived in the East China Sea (now Wangqing, Jilin), Suifenhe River (now the upper reaches of Suifenhe River), Wula (now Yongji, Jilin), Huerha (now the Russian region opposite the Heihe River in Heilongjiang), Heilongjiang River Basin and Bilteng (now). After many crowns, the Han surnames are Kong, Hu, Li and Li.

(5) Manchu Du Wen's family, also known as Du Wen's family, originated from Du Wen's family in Jin Dynasty, with Wendun's family and Wentun's family as the clan, and lived in Yin Na (now the upper reaches of Songhuajiang River in Fusong, Jilin Province), Suifenhe (now the upper reaches of Suifenhe River) and Valka (now from Changbai Mountain and Tumen River in the south and Uzala in the lower reaches of Heilongjiang Province in the north). The Han surnames after Duoguan are Confucius, Wen, Du, Wen and Wen.

(6) Man's Wentun ethnic group originated from the Nuzhen Wentun ethnic group at the end of the Tang Dynasty, and it is one of the oldest surnames of Man. It is the same clan as Du Wen and Wentun ethnic group, and the Manchu language is Wentun Hala and Juwula (now Yongji, Jilin). After many crowns, the Chinese surname is Kong and Kong.

8. Originated from other ethnic minorities, it belongs to Chinese culture and changed its surname to surname. Among the Tujia, Miao and Hui ethnic minorities, there are members of the Kongshi clan, and their sources mostly come from the policy of imprisonment and the movement of changing the land into the stream promoted by the central government in the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, which has been passed down from generation to generation.

Migration and communication

In the pre-Qin period, people surnamed Kong mainly lived in Shandong and Henan. After Qin and Han Dynasties, Kong's family soon spread to Hebei, Shanxi, Hunan, Guangdong and other places. During the Three Kingdoms and Jin Dynasties, it moved to Zhejiang and southeast Jiangxi. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, it spread all over the country. Entering Taiwan Province Province in the early Qing Dynasty. Confucius passed on for seven generations, and Sun Kongduanyou for forty-eight generations, and moved south in 1 128.

In the Song Dynasty, the population of Kong was about 265,438+100000, accounting for 0.28% of the national population, ranking 70th. The first province with the surname of Kong was Shandong, accounting for 66.5% of the country's total population at that time.

The descendants of Confucius who migrated from Sophora japonica in Hongtong County of Shanxi Province in the early Ming Dynasty were distributed in Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei and other places.