What achievements and crimes did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty have in Chinese history?

Politics during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty:

At the beginning of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, on the one hand, the political situation was relatively stable and the country's economic situation was also quite good. On the other hand, the factors that divided the vassal kingdoms still existed. The potential threat is not small. Therefore, while continuing to implement various policies of Emperor Jing, he also adopted a series of measures to strengthen the centralization of authoritarianism. In terms of politics, first of all, the "Tianfa Order" was issued to enable the princes and kings to enfeoff their children as marquises, and the kingdom's fiefdoms were divided to further weaken the power of the princes and kingdoms, subtly eliminating the threat; secondly, the establishment of China and North Korea weakened the power of the prime minister and consolidated the The sacred status of imperial power was established; thirteen more governors were set up to strengthen local control. In the military aspect, it mainly concentrated military power and enriched the central military power; in the economic aspect, it rectified the finances, issued "calculation" and "reporting" orders, levied asset taxes on merchants, and cracked down on wealthy businessmen; it also adopted Sang Hongyang It was suggested that iron smelting and salt boiling should be brought back to the government, and counties and counties should be prohibited from casting money; leveling officials and uniform officials should be set up, and transportation and trade should be operated by the government, which greatly enhanced the country's economic strength. At the same time, water conservancy projects were built, people immigrated to the northwest to farm, and the "farming method" was implemented, which was conducive to the development of agricultural production. In terms of thinking, adopt Dong Zhongshu's suggestions. Deposing hundreds of schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone, Confucianism became the ruling ideology of Chinese society and had a profound impact on later generations of Chinese politics, society, and culture.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also attached great importance to the development of talents. He established the imperial examination system, which was the origin of China's systematic talent selection system and had a great influence on later generations.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty conducted the first census in human history.

Foreign relations during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty:

See the War against the Huns

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted a combination of hard and soft methods in foreign affairs. On the one hand, it started with the Battle of Mayi in 133 BC. Since Emperor Gaozu adopted the peace policy towards the Huns, he began to formally declare war on the Huns. He sent Li Guang, Wei Qing, and Huo Qubing to conquer the Huns, which eliminated the threat of the Huns, expanded the territory of the Western Regions, put the Huns in a passive surrender situation, and guaranteed the economic and cultural development of the north. At the same time, he eliminated the Yelang and Nanyue regimes in the south, and established seven counties in the southwest, with the southernmost point exceeding Ho Chi Minh City in today's Vietnam. This also made today's Guangdong and Guangxi regions return to Chinese territory after the Qin Dynasty; at the same time, he sent Zhang Qian as an envoy The Western Regions opened up the famous Silk Road, further strengthened its rule over the Western Regions, and developed economic and cultural exchanges between China and the West. In the northeast, he sent troops to destroy Wei's North Korea (today's northern North Korea) and established the four counties of Lelang, Xuantu, Lintun, and Zhenfan. The territory of the Han Empire was basically formed.

In the late period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, due to the continuous use of troops against the Xiongnu and the Western Regions, as well as the conduct of Buddhist rituals, worship of gods and immortals, extravagant spending, increased corvee work, and increased taxes, a large number of farmers went bankrupt and went into exile. In the second year of Tianhan (99 BC), peasant uprisings of varying scales broke out in Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Nanyang and other places. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, who knew his destiny, also felt the consequences of his mistakes in political decisions in his later years. While appeasing the refugees, he issued the "Edict of Luntai Sinner" in Luntai: "Since I came to the throne, my crazy behavior has made the world miserable. I regret it. From now on, if you hurt the people and waste the world, let it go!" to express his acknowledgment of his mistakes. As a result, the world gradually returned to harmony. It laid the foundation for the prosperous age of Zhaoxuan and Zhongxing.

Later years

In 88 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty asked Hua Gong to draw a picture of "Zhou Gong carrying the princes of the dynasty" and give it to Huo Guang, which meant that Huo Guang would assist his youngest son. Liu Fuling became emperor. The son was young and the mother was strong. In order to prevent the crown prince's young mother, Mrs. Gou Yi, from repeating the situation of Empress Lu's dominance, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made the most of her excuses and executed her. In 87 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty died and was buried in Maoling. The temple name was Shizong.