The origin of "Australia" once

With an area of 7.69 million square kilometers, Australia is the largest island and the smallest land mass in the world, with a length of about 3,700 kilometers from north to south and a width of about 4,000 kilometers from east to west.

Australia is the sixth largest country in the world, next to Russia, Canada, China, the United States and Brazil, but its population is much smaller (about 654.38+900 million).

Australia is a country composed of many nationalities from different backgrounds. About 23% people were born in other countries, and at least one parent of more than a quarter of the population was born overseas. * * * People from more than 140 countries choose to become Australian citizens. Cultural diversity has become Australia's national characteristics, and it is also one of Australia's most important advantages when facing the challenges of rapid changes in the world.

This diversity is nourished and integrated by indigenous culture, early European immigrants and the wave of immigrants from all over the world, which is the root of competitive advantage, rich culture and social stability.

national flag

The Australian flag is the only flag flying over Australia. The British flag in the upper corner of the flag shows its historical origin with Britain. The seven-pointed star represents six Australian states and special zones, and several small stars form the Southern Cross, which is a famous night sky scene in the southern hemisphere.

national anthem

Australia's national anthem is adapted from the patriotic song "Forward Australia Expo" at the end of 19. Prior to this, this song has been recognized as the national anthem, and was declared as the national anthem in April 1984, replacing the original "God Save the Emperor", that is, the national anthem of the British Empire.

language

In Australia, English is the official language by custom, not by law. Although some dialect slang is unique to Australia, there is no obvious difference between Australian English and other English.

National Day

1 26 is Australia's national day. In commemoration of 1788, Captain arthur phillip of the British Royal Navy led a fleet of 1 1 warships into Jackson Harbor (Sydney Point). Philip formally occupied the eastern part of the Australian mainland in the name of England and established a colony in the center of Sydney today.

national emblem

Australia, the national color, was awarded the coat of arms by King George V as the official symbol of the government in 19 12. The national emblem consists of badges representing six States, and Australia represents animals-kangaroos and firebirds on both sides; There is also Australian acacia, which is dotted with yellow flowers.

1984, Australia officially designated green and gold as the colors representing the country.

States and territories

Australia consists of six states and two autonomous regions, namely, New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania, as well as the Australian Capital Special Zone (including Jarvis Bay Area) and the Northern Territory where the Australian capital Canberra is located.

In addition, Australia also manages seven outer islands, including norfolk island, uninhabited Coral Island, Cox Island, Christmas Island, uninhabited Yasmore Island and Cartier Island, Hurd Island and McDonald Island near the Antarctic Circle, and the Australian Antarctic.

The Australian government adopts a federal system, which is divided into federal government, state government and regional government. The Australian federal government is led by the prime minister, while the state government is led by the governor.

Population distribution in Australia

By the year 2000, the population of Australia is estimated to be19 million, which is twice that of 1945.

After World War II, the average annual growth rate of Australia's population was 2%, of which immigrants accounted for 40% and the rest were born locally. The situation of population growth is different every year, especially in the early 1970s, the natural birth rate and the increase of immigrants dropped sharply, which affected the growth of the whole population.

The Australian way of life reflects the western cultural origins of Australians. The lifestyle of Australians is similar to that of Western Europe and North America, but there is little difference.

Employment status of residents in major cities

In terms of employment, the average working week is five days, that is, about 35 to 40 hours, and the benefits enjoyed include paid annual leave (usually four weeks), sick leave and long-term service leave. In addition, there are ten paid public holidays every year, such as Christmas, New Year's Day, National Day and Easter. The retirement age is usually sixty or sixty-five.

Legally speaking, Australian women enjoy the same rights as men.

Australia's climate

Australia is located in the southern hemisphere with four distinct seasons.

Summer-from 65438+ February to February

Autumn-from March to May

Winter-from June to August

Spring-from September to October

The temperature in Australia varies from region to region. The climate in the north is similar to that in Southeast Asia and the Pacific. The average temperature in Queensland, Northern Territory and Western Australia 1 month is about 29℃ during the day and 20℃ at night, while the average temperature in July is about 22℃ during the day and 10℃ at night. The average daytime temperature in New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia is about 26℃ in 1 month and 12℃ at night, while the average daytime temperature in July is about 15℃ and 7℃ at night.