Characteristics of two tributary basins of the Yellow River

The main tributaries of the Yellow River are Huangshui, Baihe, Heihe, Taohe, Qingshui, Dahei, Kuye, Fenhe, Wuding, Jinghe, Weihe, Luohe, Qinhe, Jindi and Dawenhe. These thirteen tributaries are distributed in nine provinces from Qinghai in the upper reaches to Shandong in the lower reaches. Each tributary basin is the discovery site of local early human cultural sites. When the ancestors of primitive society chose their residence address, they generally chose a platform with water, mountains and rivers and leeward. It can be said that without water, there would be no birth of human beings, let alone the emergence of Chinese civilization. The birthplace of each tributary, the provinces and regions it flows through, and the information of the exhibition board are all introduced in detail, and interested audiences can learn more about it.

First, Huangshui

Huangshui is a big tributary on the left bank of the upper reaches of the Yellow River. It originates in Haiyan County, Qinghai Province at the southern foot of Daban Mountain, and flows into the Yellow River in Yongjing County, Gansu Province. It has a total length of 374 kilometers and a drainage area of 32,863 square kilometers, of which about 88% belongs to Qinghai Province, with complicated geological conditions. [ 1]

Second, Baihe and Heihe

Baihe (also known as Gaqu) and Heihe (also known as Moqu) are two main tributaries of the upper Yellow River in Sichuan. They are located at the southernmost tip of the Yellow River Basin and flow through the Zoige Plateau in northern Sichuan. The watershed between the two rivers is low, and there is no obvious watershed boundary. In addition, the characteristics of each basin are basically the same, which can be called "sister river". Baihe River is 270 kilometers long with a drainage area of 5,488 square kilometers. Heihe River has a total length of 456 kilometers and a drainage area of 7,608 square kilometers.

Third, Taohe River.

Taohe River [2] is a big tributary on the right bank of the upper reaches of the Yellow River, which originates from the eastern foot of Xixie Mountain in Henan Mongolian Autonomous County of Qinghai Province and flows into Liujiaxia Reservoir Area in Yongjing County of Gansu Province, with a total length of 673 kilometers and a drainage area of 25,527 square kilometers. According to the statistics of Goumen Village Hydrological Station, the average annual runoff is 5.3 billion cubic meters, and the annual sediment transport is 29 million tons. The average sediment concentration is only 5.5 kilograms per cubic meter, with little water and sediment. Among the tributaries of the Yellow River, the annual water volume of Taohe River is second only to Weihe River.

Four, Qingshui River

Qingshui River originates from Kaicheng Town, Guyuan City, Ningxia, and flows into the Yellow River through Guyuan, Haiyuan, Tongxin and Zhongning counties. The river is about 260 kilometers long and is a first-class tributary of the upper reaches of the Yellow River.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Dahe Heihe River

Located in the northeast corner of Hetao area in Inner Mongolia, Dahe is a big tributary at the end of the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Originated in Ba Ding Cun, Zhuozi County, Inner Mongolia, it flows through the suburbs of Hohhot and joins the Yellow River near Tuoketuo County. The tributary is 236 kilometers long and the drainage area is 17673 square kilometers.

The intransitive verb Kuye River

Kuye River originates from Badinggou, Dongsheng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and flows to the southeast. It flows into the Yellow River in Shamaotou Village, Shenmu County, Shaanxi Province, with a total length of 242 kilometers, a drainage area of 8,706 square kilometers, an annual runoff of 747 million cubic meters, an annual sediment discharge of10.36 billion tons, and an average sediment concentration of10.82 kg/cubic meter, which is 6.4 times that of the Yellow River.

Seven, Fenhe River

Fenhe River originates from Guancen Mountain in ningwu county, Shanxi Province, runs through the central part of Shanxi Province, flows through Taiyuan and Linfen great basin, and joins the Yellow River in Wanrong County, with a total length of 7 10 km and a drainage area of 3,9471square km. It is the second largest tributary of the Yellow River and the largest river in Shanxi Province. Fenhe River basin covers 25% of Shanxi Province, covering 47 counties and cities, with a population of 910.7 million and cultivated land of 0/0.7 million mu, accounting for 37% of the total population and 30% of cultivated land respectively. Taiyuan, Yuci, Linfen, Houma and many other important industrial cities are concentrated in the two major river basins of Fenhe River, and their geographical location is very important.

Eight, wuding river

Originated in Dingbian County, northern Shaanxi Province, it flows through Wushen Banner of Yikehuimeng League in Inner Mongolia, flows northeast, then turns to Yuhebao in the east, and then turns southeast, and flows into the Yellow River in Hekou Village, Qingjian County, Shaanxi Province, with a total length of 49 1 km and a drainage area of 3026 1 km2. The annual average runoff is 65.438+53.5 million cubic meters, the annual sediment transport is 26.5438+700 million tons, and the average sediment concentration is 654.38+0.465.438+0 kg per cubic meter. The total amount of sediment transport is second only to Weihe River, ranking second among tributaries.

Nine, Weihe River and its tributaries Jinghe, Beiluo River

Weihe River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River. Jinghe River originates from the eastern foot of Liupan Mountain in Ningxia. There are two sources, the south source comes from Jingyuan Laolongtan and the north source comes from Guyuan Dayuan Town. The two rivers meet near Bali Bridge in Pingliang, Gansu, then flow through Jingchuan, enter Changwu County of Shaanxi Province in Yangjiaping, and join Weihe River in Gaoling County, with a total length of 455 kilometers. Weihe River is located at the base of the Yellow River, with a drainage area of 6.5438+0.348 million square kilometers, which is the largest tributary of the Yellow River. The Weihe River has an annual runoff of 65.438+0.005 billion cubic meters and an annual sediment discharge of 534 million tons, accounting for 654.38+09.7% and 33.4% of the annual water and sediment discharge of the Yellow River respectively. It is a tributary that transports the most water and sediment to the Yellow River. Beiluohe River, also known as Luohe River, was called Luoshui or Beiluoshui in ancient times. It is the second tributary of the Yellow River and the first tributary of the Weihe River, with a total length of 680.3 kilometers and the longest river in Shaanxi. It originated in Cao Liang at the southern foot of Bai Yushan, flowed into Weihe River from northwest to southeast, and flowed through the Loess Plateau and Guanzhong Plain. Heyuan is divided into three branches, Shilaochuan in the west, Shuiquangou in the middle, Luanshituan in the east, and it is called Beiluo River after the confluence of Wuqi. The river flows from northwest to southeast through Zhidan, Ganquan, Fuxian, Luochuan, Huangling, Yijun, Chengcheng, Baishui, Pucheng and Dali, and flows into the Weihe River at the mouth of Sanhe River, with a drainage area of 26,905 square kilometers.

Luo river

The Luohe River, which originated in Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, joins the Yellow River in Gongxian County, Henan Province, with a total length of 447 kilometers and a drainage area of 1888 1 square kilometer. The average annual runoff is 3.43 billion cubic meters, the annual sediment transport is 0./kloc-0. 80 billion tons, and the average sediment concentration is only 5.3 kilograms per cubic meter.

Xi。 Qinhe

The Qinhe River originated in Heicheng Village, Pingyao County, Shanxi Province, from north to south, crossed the Lu Qin Plateau and Taihang Mountain, entered the alluvial plain from wulongkou, Jiyuan, and joined the Yellow River in Wuzhi County, Henan Province. The river is 485 kilometers long and the drainage area is 13532 square kilometers.

Twelve. Jindihe

Jindi River originates in Xinxiang County, Henan Province, flows northeast, passes through Henan and Shandong provinces, and joins the Yellow River near Zhangzhuang, Taiqian County. It is a plain river with a length of 158.6 km and a drainage area of 4,869 square kilometers.

Thirteen. Dawenhe

Originated in Yiyuan County at the northern foot of Gu Xuan, Shandong Province, it flows into Dongping Lake from east to west, and flows into the Yellow River after leaving Chenshankou. The tributary river is 239 kilometers long and the basin area is 9098 square kilometers. It is customary to say that Makou is above Dawen River in Dongping County.