What kind of city is Yangzhou, Jiangsu?

Yangzhou is a famous historical and cultural city with the most beautiful four seasons. On April 18, Yangzhou Tourism Festival opened. Welcome to Yangzhou.

Yangzhou, in her 2500-year-long changeable years, has experienced several disasters of war and several glories. Therefore, she has a profound cultural heritage and unique charm of the ancient city. Legends that have been handed down from generation to generation and are well-known are flowing in every corner of this city like clear springs. ...

We will continue to introduce some Yangzhou stories. If you are interested, you might as well read it. I also hope that readers will contribute to us. The history of the ancient city

Historical story of the ancient city

Yangzhou has a history of 2490 years.

About 7000 ~ 5000 years ago, Huai Yiren lived and worked in Yangzhou, growing rice.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the northwest area of Yangzhou was called Han. In 486 BC, Wu destroyed the Hanshui River, built the Hanshui City, and ditched the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. The more you destroy Wu, the more you belong to your own land; Chu is destroyed, and the land belongs to Chu. In 3 19 BC, the state of Chu built a city on the site of Seoul, named Guangling. After Qin unified China, Guangling County was established, belonging to Jiujiang County.

Yangzhou in the Han Dynasty, now called Guangling and Jiangdu, has long been a vassal fief. Liu Ying, the King of Wu, opened the Salt River (the predecessor of the Toarey Yang Canal), which promoted economic development. In order to improve and consolidate ethnic relations, in the sixth year of Yuanfeng (BC 105), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty married Liu Xijun, the daughter of Jiangdu King, to Wusunguo, more than 80 years before Wang Zhaojun married Xiongnu. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the peasant rebels led by Zhang Ying fought in Guangling area for 10 years. Although Zhang Gang, the governor of Guangling, advised him to surrender, many peasants responded and quickly took part in the Yellow Scarf Uprising.

During the Three Kingdoms period, the wars between Wei and Wu continued, and Guangling was a military stronghold in the Jianghuai area.

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Guangling was transformed into "Wuhu City" after several wars. However, due to the hard development of the working people for hundreds of years, their economic status has been continuously improved in the recovery. Immigrants from Qingzhou and Yanzhou in Shandong moved south to Guangling, which promoted the economic development of Yangzhou. The Northern Zhou Dynasty changed Guangling to Wu Zhou.

In 589, Chen destroyed the Sui Dynasty and established a unified Sui regime. The Sui Dynasty changed Wu Zhou to Yangzhou and set up the general manager's office. At this point, the basic unification of the name division and geographical location between Yangzhou in history and Yangzhou today has been completed. When Emperor Yang Di was in power, the Grand Canal was opened to connect the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River, and Yangzhou became a water transport hub, which not only facilitated transportation and irrigation, but also played an important role in promoting the economic and cultural development and exchanges of the three major basins of the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River, laying the foundation for Yangzhou's unprecedented prosperity in the Tang Dynasty. From 605 to 6 16, Yang Di visited Jiangdu (now Yangzhou). In 6/0/8, Kloc was killed by his subordinate Yu Wenhuaji, buried under Wuli Martial Arts Stage in the northwest of Yangzhou City, and then moved to Tang Lei. In 6 19, Li Zitong, a peasant uprising army, established Yangzhou as its capital, with the title of Wu. In 626, it was renamed Yangzhou, and it has been in Yangzhou ever since.

In Yangzhou in the Tang Dynasty, agriculture, commerce and handicrafts were quite developed, and a large number of workshops and manual workshops appeared. Not only is it "rich in the world" between Jianghuai and China, but it is also the largest metropolis in the southeast of China, sometimes called "Yang Yi Er" (Yizhou is now Chengdu). Yangzhou is the transportation center of grain, grass, salt, money and iron in the north and south, and it is an important port for domestic and international transportation. He used to be an interview ambassador for Dudufu, Dudufu, Huainan Road and Huainan Province, and was in charge of Huainan and Jiangbei. Yangzhou has always played a pivotal role in the land and water transportation network centered on Chang 'an. As an important port for foreign traffic, Yangzhou has a special ship ambassador to manage foreign trade and friendly exchanges. Yangzhou had frequent contacts with Dashi (Arabia) in Tang Dynasty. There are thousands of big eaters in Yangzhou. China people such as Persia, Oita, Brahman, Kunlun, Silla, Japanese, and North Korea all became businessmen living in Yangzhou. Japan sent Tang Dynasty envoys to Yangzhou and monk Jian Zhen to Japan, which promoted the political, economic, scientific, technological and cultural exchanges between China and Japan. On the basis of absorbing predecessors' achievements, Shan Li, a native of Yangzhou, re-annotated the Selected Works and widely quoted it, thus preserving a large number of lost important documents for future generations. His son Li Yong is not only influential in writing and poetry, but also one of the great calligraphers after Yu Shinan and Chu Suiliang. Zhang, one of the "four outstanding people in Wuzhong", has the reputation of "overwhelming the whole Tang Dynasty with a solitary piece" with only one song "Moonlit Night on the Spring River". In 684, Xu Jingye and Robin opposed Wu Zetian's rule in Yangzhou.

In the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, warlords scuffled and Yangzhou was seriously damaged. Yang Xingmi established political power in Yangzhou, known as "Yang Wu" in history, and the economy recovered briefly. Soon, it fell into the destruction of war.

In 960, the Northern Song Dynasty was established. With the rapid development of agriculture and handicrafts and the further prosperity of commerce, Yangzhou has once again become the economic and cultural center of southeast China, almost as famous as Kaifeng, the capital. The annual business tax income is about 80,000 yuan, ranking third in the country. 1 127, Zhao Gou, Emperor Gaozong, took Yangzhou as the "year of walking" in the process of Jin people moving to the capital, which further promoted the prosperity of Yangzhou. From 1275 to 1276, Li Tingzhi and Jiang Cai led the army in an unyielding struggle with Yangzhou people. Unfortunately, they are all dead, and there are only a few thousand people left in Yangzhou. 100 years, Yangzhou has been a battlefield for resisting gold and yuan. Han Shizhong, Liu Qi, Yue Fei and other famous Southern Song Dynasty players fought bloody battles in this area. The war has caused serious damage to the economy and society, but under the relatively stable situation, Yangzhou's economy has been continuously restored and developed. Culturally, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Qin Guan, Jiang Kui, Wang Ling, etc. left a large number of masterpieces handed down from generation to generation in Yangzhou.

During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Yangzhou's economic development accelerated. More and more foreigners come to Yangzhou for business, missionary work, politics and settlement, among which Persians and Arabs are still the most. In the Yuan Dynasty, the Yangzhou section of the Canal was renovated several times, which basically formed today's trend, resumed the once interrupted grain transportation, and Yangzhou prospered rapidly again. In the Ming Dynasty, with the development of commodity economy, the seeds of capitalist relations of production were born. Yangzhou's business is mainly the monopoly of Huaibei salt industry and the trade of goods between North and South. The income from salt tax is almost equal to that from grain tax. Commerce expanded beyond the old city. The lacquerware, jade articles, bronzes, bamboo and wood utensils, embroidery and cosmetics produced by hand workshops have reached a fairly high level. In order to prevent the Japanese invaders from invading again, 1556 built a "new city" in Yangzhou. A number of zaju and novelists, such as Sui, all appeared in the cultural circle. In the peasant uprising at the end of Yuan Dynasty, the peasant uprising led by Zhang Shicheng lasted 16 years. After the demise of the Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent the Qing army from going south, Shi Kefa, governor of Nanming, led his troops to stick to the isolated city, preferring death to surrender, showing unyielding national integrity. After the city fell, the Qing army slaughtered the city 10 day, and tens of thousands of people died.

Kangxi and Qianlong visited Yangzhou many times in the Qing Dynasty, which made Yangzhou unprecedentedly prosperous and became the eight largest cities in China. With a population of over 500,000, it is one of the top ten cities in the world at the end of 18 and the beginning of 19. At that time, Yangzhou was a transportation hub, rich in salt and fishing, and salt tax had a great relationship with the fiscal revenue of the Qing government. Businessmen from all over the world have increased, and they have built guild halls in Yangzhou, each with its own business scope and local characteristics. At the same time, there is also a conference ticket-point redemption. Culturally, some salt merchants make friends with literati, like to collect books, build official schools and county schools, restore places of interest and build gardens, which have made certain contributions to the cultural development of Yangzhou. During this period, there appeared the Yangzhou School of Painting represented by Jin Nong, Shan Li, Gao Xiang, Zheng Xie and Ruan Yuan, Ren, Wang Niansun and Wang. Yangzhou drama has a long history and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. 1790, in order to celebrate the eightieth birthday of Qianlong, Sanqing Class, with Baoying Gaolangting as the class leader, performed in Beijing, which, together with other operas, had an important influence on the formation and development of Peking Opera. Yangzhou's woodblock printing, Yangzhou commentary, Qingqu, Yangju, puppet show, chess and piano all reached a fairly high level in the Qing Dynasty, forming their own characteristics, which promoted the formation of Yangzhou as the cultural center of China at that time and laid the foundation for the cultural center.

/kloc-After the middle of the 0/9th century, Yangzhou's economy gradually declined due to siltation in the Shandong section of the Grand Canal, transportation by water and sea, and transshipment by Huaiyan Railway. During the First Opium War, the people of Guazhou and Yizheng, Yangzhou, rose up against the British invasion. The peasant uprising army of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom fought three times with the separatist forces in the north and south camps of the Qing army in Yangzhou. In the democratic revolution led by Sun Yat-sen,19081kloc-0/June, Yangzhou Renxiong, as an officer of the Army Artillery Battalion, organized and led the famous Anqing New Army Uprising in Anhui, fired the first shot at the Qing government and began an attempt to seize power by force. 19 1 1 year1/month, Sun Tiansheng contacted the Allied League and launched an armed uprising, which was called "recovering Yangzhou" in history.

In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), Yangzhou House was abandoned and located in Jiangdu County. 1922, the first expressway in Yangzhou was completed. 193 1 year, there are more than 60 breaches along the Yangtze River and the Canal. Thousands of people died of floods, starvation and epidemics. 1925, the China * * * production party organization led the people to carry out the new-democratic revolution in Yangzhou. 1937 65438+February, the Japanese invaders occupied Yangzhou. 1938, Chen Yi and Su Yu of the New Fourth Army were ordered to lead their troops across the Yangtze River to open up the Soviet Anti-Japanese base areas. In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, the people of Yangzhou, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), waged arduous struggles with the enemy and made important contributions to the victory of the New Democratic Revolution, the Huaihai Campaign and the Battle of Crossing the River.

After the Revolution of 1911, many famous artists appeared in Yangzhou cultural and artistic circles. Liu, Li, Gong Shaoqin, Zhang Danfu, Chen Hanguang, Pan and revolutionary writers Li Jin, Han Beiping, Xu Xingzhi and Jiang Shufeng are all influential writers and artists. Zhu Ziqing is an influential figure in Yangzhou literary world. Among Li's 33 novels, Guangling Chao, which reflects the anecdote of Yangzhou Lane, is the most famous.

From the end of 1948 to April of 1949, Yangzhou counties were liberated one after another. 1949 65438+1October 25th, Yangzhou city was liberated today. Take Xianmiao Town as the governing place and build Jiangdu County.

See Yangzhou portal /liswh/mlyz_lswh.shtml for details.