The unification measures of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty are diplomatic.

1. communicate with the western regions

China spreads technologies such as smelting iron, sinking wells, making silk and making lacquer, while the west (domain) introduces cucurbitaceae, cowpea, flax, pomegranate, carrot, grape, blood horse, walnut and gastrodia elata. A large number of silk fabrics and metal tools from the Central Plains were transported to the Western Regions, and the cast iron technology and water well drainage methods were also spread to the Western Regions, which has important historical significance.

2. Open up the Silk Road

The contact between the western regions and the mainland began in the distant historical era. By the 2nd century BC, the Western Regions had been divided into 36 countries and there was no unification. There are Wusun, Qiemo and other countries in Junggar grassland north of Tianshan Mountain. Tarim basin, south of Tianshan Mountain and north of Kunlun Mountain, is divided into south China and north China.

Northern countries include Kuqa (Kuqa in Xinjiang), Shule, Yanqi (Yanqi in Xinjiang) and Cheshi (Turpan in Xinjiang). The South China includes shache (shache, Xinjiang), Khotan (Hotan, Xinjiang), Loulan (Lop Nur, Xinjiang) and other countries.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty appointed Zhang Qian as a corps commander, led more than 300 attache, and carried a large number of gold coins, silks, cattle and sheep to the Western Regions. After Zhang Qian arrived in Wusun, although he didn't achieve his original goal, he traveled to Dawan, Kangju, Yueshi, Daxia and other countries. In the second year of Ding Yuan (BC 1 15), Zhang Qian came back, and Wusun sent dozens of envoys to Chang 'an with Zhang Qian. Since then, the envoys sent by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty have been to Rest in Peace (Persia), ptomaine (India), Amaricai (between the Aral Sea and Li Hai), Tiaozhi (the country of rest in peace), Li Xuan (Alexandria, Egypt, which belongs to Rome), and the envoys of China have also been warmly welcomed by 20,000 people from the Rest in Peace Special Organization. Since then, the Silk Road has been officially opened. It opened up a trade channel connecting Chang 'an in the East, the Western Roman Empire and Alexandria in Egypt as far away as possible.

In the third year of Yuanfeng (BC 108), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered Zhao Ponu to lead an army to attack Loulan and the automobile market, and set up a pavilion from Jiuquan (Gansu Jiuquan) to Yumenguan, which was used as a food and grass supply post and defense post. In the first year of Tai Chu (BC 104), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Li Guangli to Dawan. After defeating Dawan, the traffic in the western regions was smoother. In the Western Han Dynasty, a captain was set up in Loulan, Quli (north of Tarim River in Xinjiang) and Luntai (east of Kuche County in Xinjiang) to manage the reclamation. This is the earliest military and political institution established by the Han Dynasty in the Western Regions. In fact, the Western Regions have been formally incorporated into Chinese territory.