Architectural history of xiashan district

Xiashan Reservoir is located on the Weihe River, 50 miles southeast of Weifang, at the junction of Changyi, Gaomi and Anqiu counties. Founded in 1958, 165438+ 10, it is the largest reservoir in Shandong Province.

At that time, the main purpose of building this reservoir was to solve the flood disaster, farmland irrigation and coastal people's draught problems on both sides of the lower Weihe River.

Historically, the Weihe River was once called the Huaihe River. Because of its frequent breaches, it caused great losses to people's lives and property, so the people on both sides of the lower reaches called it the "bad river". In the past, people in Changyi and Weixian used to say: "The Wu family is full, and Changyi and Weixian also follow. As soon as Hongyakou opened, Changyi and Weixian followed closely. " "Opened the family bay and flooded eastward for half a day. After crossing the Jiaolai River, Sanhe Mountain was flooded. "

The construction of Xiashan Reservoir is directly led by Changyi prefectural committee and agency, and migrant workers from Changyi, Gaomi, Anqiu and wei county are organized to participate in the construction. The Department of Health and the prefectural party committee set up the reservoir construction headquarters and the reservoir engineering party committee, with Deputy Commissioner liuyong as the chief commander and party secretary, and Deputy Commissioner Zhang Xingtang as the deputy chief commander and deputy secretary of the party committee. The headquarters consists of office, engineering department, supply department, equipment and machinery department and relocation department. The Party Committee of the Reservoir Project has a Political Department, and the Political Department has an Organization Department, a Propaganda Department, a Security Department and a Youth League Committee. Zhang Jun is the director of the political department. During the construction of Xiashan Reservoir, the main person in charge of the reservoir engineering headquarters has changed three times, the first is Wang, the second is Wang, and the third is Zhang Jingyie. Wang's term of office was short, and Zhang Jingye's term of office was the longest, until the reservoir was completed. There are four counties under the reservoir engineering headquarters to set up headquarters respectively. I served as the commander and secretary of the Party Committee of Changyi County Command. Sheng Yongzhi was then a member of the Standing Committee of Changyi County Committee and deputy county magistrate, and the deputy commander was Fan Xuefa, deputy county magistrate. Gaomi county headquarters is commanded by Wang Peilin, deputy county magistrate, and Zhu Tong, chief procurator of the county procuratorate, is the deputy commander; Anqiu County Command is commanded by Liu Yongsen, member of the Standing Committee of the County Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda; Wei county headquarters is commanded by Zhao Qun, deputy county magistrate, and Wang Chun, minister of agriculture and industry, is the deputy commander.

There were 36,000 labors in the early stage of Xiashan Reservoir, reaching 73,000 at the most, plus 654.38+10,000 logistics personnel. The reservoir engineering headquarters implements militarized management of migrant workers. Each county is a corps, and there is a battalion under it. 1 commune has 1 battalion. Changyi county had 16 communes at that time, and * * * established 15 battalions. Gaogezhuang Commune is located in the reservoir area, all the land has been flooded, the whole establishment of the commune has been revoked, and its members have been resettled in different places.

The reservoir engineering headquarters is located in Dongfugezhuang Village, Changyi County, and the headquarters of Changyi County is located in Pangjiashanhou Village, Changyi County. All migrant workers live in sheds on the construction site. The shed was dug down to a depth of half a meter, and a 1 meter-high earth wall was built around it, covered with wood and grass, and covered with grass inside. The conditions are very difficult. The state's investment in the reservoir is 69 million yuan, which is basically the cost of engineering and materials. Instead of distributing it to counties, migrant workers are only given a living allowance of 1 working day, 1 dime. Migrant workers bring rice, pickles and tools from home, and the village records the work points, and others are not paid.

Xiashan Reservoir is designed and constructed by Shandong Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute. The main dam of the reservoir is more than 2,700 meters, with a north-south trend, 2 1 meters high and a top of 7 meters. The auxiliary dam is more than 28,000 meters high, about 14 meters. From June 1958 to October 165438+ Spring 1959, the main task of construction is to clean up the dam foundation. From February to the end of 1959, the key point was to build the dam, spillway, power station and sluice simultaneously. The power station and sluice were completed that year, but the hydro-generator could not be installed due to shortage, and the power generation was installed at 1963. 1960 spring, the original river channel was closed, and the river channel was diverted to take the diversion ditch of Nanpeigezhuang in Anqiu. By April 2, the dam was closed. Three counties participated in the dam closure, wei county in the north, Changyi in the middle and Anqiu in the south. Changyi section was completed at the earliest, and the whole line was closed in June. Then by June 5438+00, the stone slope protection of the dam was basically completed. At this point, the construction of Xiashan Reservoir is basically completed. After that, the spillway stilling basin construction, water conveyance tunnel construction, filter layer restoration and other projects were carried out one after another.

Xiuxiashan Reservoir has flooded more than 0/00 villages, including more than 60 villages in Changyi County (all of which are Gaogezhuang commune, one in yesterday's mountain and one in Zhang Ling), a part in Anqiu County and a small part in Gaomi County. Some immigrants from the reservoir area were resettled in this county, and nearly 40 thousand people were resettled in Jilin Province. Immigrants obey the arrangement, regardless of personal gains and losses, showing a high degree of consciousness. However, many people who went to the northeast suffered from Kaschin-Beck disease because of their acclimatization, and most of them later returned to their original places.

The storage capacity of Xiashan Reservoir is 65.438+37.7 million cubic meters, and that of Li Xing Reservoir is 50.65438+00 million cubic meters. After the completion of the reservoir, it underwent a severe test that year. In August 1960 and 12, the inflow of Xiashan Reservoir reached 6830 cubic meters per second. The people on both sides of the reservoir dam and Weihe River are safe and sound. In August 1974 and 13, the Weihe River was flooded more heavily, and the inflow reached 10400 cubic meters per second. The reservoir once again played a role in flood control and saved the day. These two floods, if there is no Xiashan Reservoir, will certainly have a devastating disaster in the lower reaches of the Weihe River. Xiashan Reservoir has effectively protected people's lives and property.

Xiashan Reservoir also plays an important role in drought-resistant irrigation. At that time, the designed irrigation area of Xiashan Reservoir was 6,543,800 mu, including 600,000 mu in Changyi, 250,000 mu in Gaomi, 6,543,800 mu in wei county and 50,000 mu in Anqiu. After the completion of the reservoir supporting facilities, the actual irrigation area reached 6.5438+0.53 million mu, including 780,000 mu in Changyi, 380,000 mu in Gaomi, 260,000 mu in Hanting, 80,000 mu in Anqiu and 30,000 mu in Weibei Farm. Because Xiashan Reservoir releases water for irrigation and presses alkali every year, the saline-alkali land in Changyi and northern wei county has been transformed, and the soil quality has undergone fundamental changes. The original barren saline-alkali land has become a good field for drought and flood. The yield per mu has increased from about 200 kilograms to more than 2,000 kilograms now. The problem of people's draught has also been fundamentally solved.