What is the population of the world?

From 1995 to 2000, the world population growth rate was 1.33%, with an annual increase of 78 million. By the middle of the next century, the world population will be 7.3-/kloc-0.07 billion, and the median in 2050 is expected to be 8.9 billion. Statistics from 1998 show that the world population is 590,000, of which 470,000 (80%) live in developing countries, and nearly120,000 (20%) live in developed countries. Asia accounts for 6 1%, which is 3.585 billion; The population of Africa is 749 million, which has surpassed that of Europe (729 million) in the past two years. The population of Latin America and the Caribbean is about 504 million; 305 million in North America. The population growth rate is 1.33% from 1995 to 2O00, which is obviously lower than the peak of 2.04% from 1965 to 1970, and/kloc from 1990 to 1995. The annual population growth has decreased from the peak of 86 million between 1985 and 1990, and is expected to decrease to 64 million between 20 15 and 2020, and to 30 million between 2045 and 2050. From 1804, the world population reached 10 billion, and the growth of the world population has been accelerating: 123 reached 2 billion (1927), 1960 reached 3 billion, 14 years. By 1999, the total population of the world will reach 6 billion, only 12 years. For the population change in the next century, his prediction is that the world population growth is expected to slow down, and it will increase again after 14 years, 7 billion in 20 years 1 3 years, 8 billion in 2028 (15 years) and 9 billion in 2054 (26 years).

According to the statistics in this year's World Population Report of the United Nations Population Fund, the current world population is 6,464.7 billion, and the population growth rate is 1.2%. Among them, the population of developed countries is12.11300 million, with a growth rate of 0.3%; The population of developing countries is 5,253.5 billion, with a growth rate of 1.4%. On average, every woman in the world has 2.6 children.

In 20051October 1 1 day, an American couple welcomed their first16th child, which is very different in America.

While developed countries are worried about the sharp decline in population, developing countries are worried about how to curb population growth. Different population pressures have resulted in different coping strategies. At present, the world population growth rate is slowing down, while the absolute population is still rising. In the next few decades, the growing population will still bring a heavy burden to the earth.

United Nations: global population growth slows down

According to the statistics in this year's World Population Report of the United Nations Population Fund, the current world population is 6,464.7 billion, and the population growth rate is 1.2%. Among them, the population of developed countries is12.11300 million, with a growth rate of 0.3%; The population of developing countries is 5,253.5 billion, with a growth rate of 1.4%. The average woman in the world has 2.6 children, compared with 1.5 in developed countries and 2.8 in developing countries.

Dr Francis Farah, head of the Population and Development Division of the United Nations Population Fund, told the reporter that in the past 10 years, the world population growth rate showed a downward trend, and by 2050, the global total population will reach 9 10 billion, far lower than the previous forecast of 10 billion. However, due to the huge base, the annual population increase in the world is still considerable. In 2004, there was a global net increase of 76 million people, 95% of whom were in developing countries. According to this trend, by 2050, the population of developed countries will remain at around 654.38+0.2 billion, while the population of developing countries will reach 7.9 billion.

Farah said that the main problem in developed countries now is that the fertility rate has fallen below the level of population regeneration. The absolute population of countries such as Japan has begun to decline. The second is the aging population. At present, 50 countries in the world have entered an aging society. In order to make up for the shortage of labor force and the increase of social burden, many developed countries are trying to absorb new immigrants.

The population situation in developing countries is also different. Twenty-three developing countries, such as China and Brazil, have entered the stage of declining fertility, but the number is still increasing due to the large population base. At the same time, they will also face the problem of aging population. The fertility rate in some least developed countries is still too high, with an average of five children per woman. The spread of AIDS has affected the population of these countries, especially in southern Africa.

It is worth noting that at present, the global population structure is diamond-shaped, that is, there are fewer old people and children, and more young people, among which the youth population is the largest, about 65.438+0.3 billion. This indicates that the global population will still face the birth climax in the next 10 year. Only when people of this age get married late and have children late can we reduce the negative impact by dispersing and lengthening the birth climax. Some people even raise this issue to a level directly related to world peace. But judging from the current situation, the prospect of global population development is still optimistic. (He Hongze, the newspaper's special correspondent in the United Nations)

Germany: There is a shortage of babies in maternity hospitals.

"In a few decades, there will be no young people on the streets of Germany." Such concerns are constantly appearing in the German media. With the decrease of newborn babies in recent years, increasing the fertility rate has become an important national policy in Germany. According to the statistics of the German Federal Statistical Office, the birth rate in Germany has been basically lower than the death rate since 1975. On average, every German woman has only 1.4 children.

Professor Craimu, a German expert on population issues, told reporters with concern that by 2050, the population of Germany will drop from the current 82 million to more than 70.8 million, with more than half of the population over 50 years old and 1.3 of the population over 60 years old. In the next 50 years, the death rate of Germans will greatly exceed the birth rate.

Not long ago, the reporter visited a maternity hospital in Berlin. This hospital has advanced equipment, skilled medical staff and 1000 beds. However, only a few babies are born here every day.

Dean Mr. Seaman told reporters helplessly: "There is nothing missing here, only one baby."

Professor Kremu believes that the change of young people's concept is an important reason for the decline of fertility rate in Germany. Under the background of economic globalization, the pressure of work makes many young people unwilling to get married, and many married couples don't want to have children. According to a survey by Le Monde, only half of Germans want to form a family with offspring. German woman Donna's words are very representative: "I never thought of having a child, which would mean giving up my present job." Taking care of children and career is a headache for countless mothers.

The decline of fertility rate has also brought great impact to the old-age insurance system established in Germany19th century. Germany's retirement insurance system implements "amortization method". According to the general rule, the most reasonable and effective ratio should be 1 retiree for every 3 employees. But in another 20 years, 65,438+000 employees in Germany will have to support 78 retirees.

European population experts believe that population is an important factor in a country's strength. In this regard, Dr. Schirmacher, editor of frankfurter allgemeine zeitung, said: "Not having children has seriously affected the competitiveness of the country, and it will destroy Germany sooner or later." Former German Chancellor gerhard schroder also stressed that the birth rate in Germany has become an important economic factor, and having more children will become Germany's top strategic task.

In order to let young people have more children, the German government can be described as "racking its brains". The government first introduced an incentive policy, and every time a woman gives birth to a child, she can get a considerable subsidy every month. The government also proposes to build 230,000 nurseries by 2065,438+00, and will extend the school hours to help working mothers.

In fact, the decline in fertility rate is not only a problem in Germany, but also a common phenomenon in Europe. Last year's population report of the European Union showed that women in European countries gave birth to an average of 1.4 children, while Ireland was the highest, with only 1.9 children. (The newspaper's special correspondent in Germany Aoki)

Russia: The death rate is 0.6 times of the birth rate of 65438+.

Russia is facing an unprecedented non-war population crisis. The Russian government work conference held not long ago announced that the population of Russia has decreased by 10 in recent years, and by 2008, the population of Russia will decrease by 600,000 every year.

Russia is the largest country in the world, but its population ranks eighth in the world, with a population density of less than 9 people per square kilometer. Russian demographers pointed out that the current demographic characteristics of Russia are: first, the birth rate is low, and second, the mortality rate is high. In 2005, the death rate in Russia was 0.6 times of the fertility rate of 65,438+,which was 2-3 times higher than that in the United States and European countries. In the mid-1960s, every married woman in Russia gave birth to an average of 2. 1 baby, but now there are only 0.9 babies, and more than 7 million families don't want children. Russian demographers have warned that if the rate of decline continues to develop at this rate, the Russian nation will become a "minority" in the world; By the 24th century, the Russian nation may even disappear from the earth.

Russian sociologists and government officials generally believe that the decline of people's living standards, the increase of people's living burden and the increase of families unwilling to have children are the main reasons for the Russian population crisis. Increasing the birth rate, reducing the death rate and implementing a good immigration policy are the keys to solving the population crisis.

Russian President Vladimir Putin has made population a top priority since he took office. In his State of the Union address in 2000, he pointed out: "The population of Russia is getting smaller every year. If this trend continues, the survival of our nation will be threatened. " Putin instructed the Russian government to set up a special "Social and Population Committee" to conduct a comprehensive survey of Russian children. Not long ago, Russia also planned to pardon 1 10,000 illegal immigrants from CIS, hoping to change the current population situation.

In addition, the Russian government has also decided to increase the subsidy that women will receive for each birth 1 baby to 1 10,000 rubles (1 USD is about 29 rubles), and the monthly subsidy for babies under 18 months has also been increased from 500 rubles to 8 million-110,000 rubles. It is estimated that this alone will cost the government 9 billion-654.38+0 billion rubles every year. Nevertheless, when a reporter asked some Russian youths if they wanted to have children, their answer was still no-because compared with the high cost of having children, government subsidies were just a drop in the ocean. (The newspaper's special correspondent in Russia, Ma Jian)

China is the most populous country in the world. According to the Statistical Bulletin of People's Republic of China (PRC)'s National Economic and Social Development in 2004 issued by the National Bureau of Statistics on February 28th, 2005, the total population of China at the end of 2004 was 654.38+29988.

At 0: 02 on October 6th, 2005, the1300 millionth citizen of China was born in Beijing Maternity Hospital, which also became "China1300 millionth Population Day". This little citizen is a male, weighing 3660 grams and 52 centimeters long. & gt& gt& gt

From June, 5438 to October, 2005 10, the latest statistics of Beijing public security organs show that the actual permanent population (including registered population and floating population) in Beijing has reached15.244 million. On April 12, 2005, Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics announced that the resident population in Beijing had increased from 420 1000 in 1949 to 14927 in 2004.

On August 16, 2005, the figures released by the Census and Statistics Department of the Hong Kong SAR Government showed that the population of Hong Kong in mid-2005 was 6,943,600 (provisional figure). & gt& gt& gt

According to the statistics and census bureau of the Macao SAR government, as of March 365,438+0, 2005, the permanent population of Macao was estimated to be 469,800, an increase of 654,380+07,000 compared with the same period last year. & gt& gt& gt

On June 5438+ 10, 2005, Xinhuanet reported that the population of Taiwan Province Province was nearly 22.7 million. & gt& gt& gt

The population of Jinmen, Mazu and other islands in Taiwan Province Province and Fujian Province is 22.28 million (data of 65,438+February 2000 published by the authorities of Taiwan Province Province).