What materials are generally used for stamping dies?

General stamping molds are composed of:

Upper and lower supporting plates, upper and lower feet, upper and lower mold bases: generally made of "soft materials" such as A3, Q235, etc., to support the entire mold , convenient for mold setting, blanking and other functions.

Upper and lower templates: The upper and lower templates play the functions of fixing the knife edge, inserting blocks, inserting sub-elements, ejecting pins, etc., external positioning, internal positioning, floating guide pins, dual-purpose pins, and guide plates , floating blocks are also fixed on the lower template. The hardness of the lower template must be around HRC58~62. Too low hardness will affect the blanking quality. The thickness is generally 25~40mm. Some knife edges are cut directly on the template, that is, the knife edge is dug directly on the template. If the knife edge is missing, cracked, worn, or has burrs, it will be difficult to repair the mold. Another method is to dig into the block. That is, the cutting edge is dug into an entry block (the entry block is customarily called the "lower die cutting edge"), and then the lower die cutting edge is installed into the lower template. The height must be the same as the lower template, and the error must be within plus or minus 1 to 2 lines, preferably within plus or minus 0.005 mm, which can be achieved by a general grinder master or a fitter master. Too much will cause marks (stencils) on the product.

The upper and lower pads are generally made of Cr12. According to needs, the thickness of the upper and lower pads of each set of molds is different. Depending on the punching force, if there are few punched holes, the upper and lower pads can be made a little thinner by 8 to 10mm. If there are more punched holes, It should be made thicker, usually about 17 to 20mm. The lower pad mainly contains blanking holes, spring through holes, screw through holes, guide pillar ventilation holes, etc.

Upper and lower plywood. The upper and lower plywood are mainly used to fix the punch, punch and guide pillar. Generally, 17~20mm is sufficient. The material hardness of the stamping die plywood generally does not need to be particularly high. Generally, soft materials can be used. However, if it is too soft, it will not work. It may pull the punch hanger directly into the plywood and damage the plywood. Therefore, when designing a stamping mold, the structure of the mold, the selection of mold materials, the tonnage of the selected punch machine, the size of the blanking gap, etc. must be considered from the blanking process of the workpiece to be processed, so that the finished workpiece can have smaller burrs. , extend the service life of the mold.

Stop plate, stripper plate, etc. The stopper plate can be made of Cr12, but the stripper plate must be made of hard material such as Cr12Mov. The stop plate and the stripper plate are pinned and locked together through M6 or M8 screws. There are mainly some through holes on the stop plate, punch through holes, guide pillar through holes, etc. The stripper plate mainly plays the functions of stripping, pressing, and guiding the punch. Generally, we use stripper plates to guide punches, guide posts, and punches. When producing aluminum materials, aluminum chips can easily jump into the stripper plate and nap the punch, jam the punch, break the punch, pull out the stripper plate, etc., so a stop plate must be used to guide the punch. , and the stripper plate is appropriately enlarged by 10 to 20 strips on one side; or the stripper plate is made of two sections, the upper section is used for guidance, and the lower section is also enlarged by 10 to 20 strips on one side. The thickness of the stop plate is generally 8 to 17 mm, depending on the number of punched holes and the amount of force required; the thickness of the stripper plate is generally 20 to 25 mm.

Die and punch, also called punch or knife edge, are used to punch out, cut off, or cut, puncture, or stretch excess material. Such as: stretching punch, bending punch, slide inserting punch, salad punch, convex bulge punch, sprouting punch, riveting punch of riveting die, etc. . The materials for the concave and convex molds require relatively high hardness. Commonly used concave and convex mold materials include: Cr12Mo1v1, Cr12Mov, Skd-51, Skd-11, W6Mo5Cr4V2 (tungsten steel), etc. .

Explanation of professional terms:

Digging: a customary name for mold makers, which refers to the wire cutting frame. For example: digging knife edges, digging into blocks, etc.

Soft material: In stamping molds, it refers to mold steel with a hardness of around HRC35 and relatively low hardness, such as 45# steel, A3, Q235, etc. If you tap something with a slightly higher hardness on it, you can make a pit. This material is very soft, so it is often called "soft material" because it has better earthquake resistance and is generally used to make stampings. The upper and lower supporting plates, upper and lower feet, and upper and lower mold bases of the mold.

Hard material: In stamping molds, it refers to mold steel materials with a hardness (after heat treatment) of around HRC58~62 or above, such as: Cr12, Cr12Mo1v1, Cr12Mov, Skd-51, Skd-11, W6Mo5Cr4V2 (tungsten steel), these steel materials have very high hardness (but are also relatively brittle, and a piece of it may break if you don't pay attention, 55). They are generally used for the cutting edges of stamping dies, punches, or other applications that require higher hardness. High parts.

Hardware stamping