Malaysia introduction

Malaysia, referred to as Malaysia for short, is a Southeast Asian country where federalism, parliamentary democracy, elected monarchy and constitutional monarchy coexist. At present, China has 13 states and three federally administered areas (Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and Labuan), with a national area of 330,000 square kilometers.

On August 3 1, 1, 0957, Chief Minister Tengku abdul rahman declared Malaya independence; 1963, Malaya Federation, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak formed Malaysia. 1In August, 965, Singapore withdrew from Malaysia.

Malaysia is divided into two parts by the South China Sea of China: Malaysia Peninsula in Malay Peninsula (West Malaysia) and Indochina Peninsula in northern kalimantan island (East Malaysia). Because Malaysia's geographical location is close to the equator, its climate belongs to the tropical rain forest climate. The capital is located in Kuala Lumpur, which is the most densely populated and prosperous area in Malaysia, and the federal government is located in Putrajaya.

Malaysia is a multi-ethnic and multicultural country. Although the official religion is Islam, according to the Malaysian Constitution, its citizens enjoy the right to religious freedom. The government system strictly imitates the parliamentary system in Westminster, England. The highest representative of a country at home and abroad is called the head of state, and the head of government is the prime minister. ?

Malaysia is a new diversified economy country. /kloc-The economy made rapid progress in the 1990s, and it was one of the "Four Little Dragons in Asia" and a capitalist country. Malaysia has become a striking diversified emerging industrial country in Asia and an emerging market economy in the world.

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The immigration history of Chinese in Malaysia can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, there were frequent commercial activities and cultural exchanges between China and the Malay Archipelago, and there was a clear record of China people settling in the Yuan Dynasty.

During Zheng He's voyage to the Western Ocean in the Ming Dynasty, he stopped at Malacca (called Malaga in the Ming Dynasty) many times, and later built Malacca, Dagang (now Indonesia) and Surabaya (now Indonesia) into the base camp of his fleet. Until now, there are still a lot of relics related to Zheng He in Malacca. Some Chinese began to settle in Malacca because of intermarriage with local people, and were gradually influenced by Malay culture and multiplied.

At this time, Chinese began to form settlements in Malacca and became an important ethnic group in Malacca. After the decline of the Ming Dynasty, due to the inconvenient transportation and the closed-door policy of the Qing Dynasty, the descendants of these China people who were intermarried began to alienate their motherland. In the case of blending with local culture, they gradually formed a new nation-maiden Zen.

Nyonya's mother tongue has gradually changed from a dialect (mainly Fujian dialect) to a mixed language of Nyonya dialect and Malay, but it still retains various Chinese customs and rituals.

After the Second Opium War, China people began to emigrate to various parts of Malaysia on a large scale. At that time, the Qing Dynasty was defeated and China and Britain signed the Beijing Treaty. The Qing court allowed foreign businessmen to recruit Han Chinese as cheap labor (coolies) abroad. At that time, because the British colonists needed a lot of human resources to develop Malaya Peninsula, a large number of China laborers (or coolies) were imported from China to become miners and planters.

After the use of steamboats, the number of overseas Chinese from the south rose sharply. At this time, the number of immigrants in China has greatly exceeded that of early Nyonya, so they were called "new guests" by early settlers.

During this period, the male-female ratio of Chinese population in Malay Peninsula was seriously unbalanced. This is because workers have a strong sense of hometown of overseas Chinese. Most of them don't intend to help the old and bring the young to settle in Malaya, but hope to earn enough money to return to their hometown. A large number of China people go to Nanyang, which fully illustrates the truth that people should go there as long as they have a chance to survive.

By 1929, the Great Depression began to sweep the world. At this time, overseas Chinese women began to immigrate to Malaya in large numbers, and the proportion structure of male and female population tended to be balanced. After World War II, as the world entered the Cold War era, British Malaya was in the period of Ma * * * rebellion, immigration regulations were tightened, and the immigration tide from China to Malaysia gradually decreased or even stopped. Since then, Chinese have participated in the Malayan independence movement and the Malaysian founding movement, and they have flourished in the local area.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Malaysia