The provincial administrative region where the easternmost part of China territory is located is

Heilongjiang is the provincial administrative region where the easternmost part of China is located.

The provincial administrative regions closest to the east, west, north and south of China are:

The easternmost part of China is Haiqing Town, Fuyuan County, which belongs to Heilongjiang Province and is located in Heixiazi Island, Heilongjiang Province (48 27 ′ N,135 05 ′ E).

The westernmost part of China is located in Wuqia County, Xinjiang, on the Pamirs, and belongs to Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. On the Pamir Plateau in Xinjiang, about 25 kilometers southwest of the junction of China, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, there is a snow peak (3915' n' n, 73° 33' E) with an altitude of over 5,000 meters.

The southernmost territory of China is Zengmu shoal in Nansha Islands, which belongs to Hainan Province and is located in Nansha Islands in the South China Sea (35 1'N,1216' e).

The northernmost part of China's territory is in Shangmohe County, Heilongjiang Province, which belongs to Heilongjiang Province and is on the center line of the main channel of Heilongjiang Province (53 33.5 ′ N) north of Mohe.

Geographically, the provincial administrative unit where the easternmost part of China's territory is located should be Heilongjiang Province. Heilongjiang Province is located in the northeast of China, bordering Russia. Fuyuan County of Shuangyashan City under its jurisdiction is connected with Khabarovsk City of Russia. It is located in Tokyo 134.6 degrees and 47.5 degrees north latitude, which is the easternmost part of our territory.

Brief introduction of Heilongjiang province:

Heilongjiang Province, referred to as "Hei" for short, is the provincial administrative region of People's Republic of China (PRC) (China), with Harbin as its capital. Heilongjiang Province is located in the northeast of China, facing Russia across the river in the north and east, bordering Inner Mongolia in the west and Jilin Province in the south. It is the northernmost and easternmost provincial administrative region in China. Because it is located in the hinterland of Northeast Asia, it is an important channel for the Asia-Pacific region to lead to Russia and the European continent, and an important window for China to open along the border. Now it has become the frontier of China's opening to Russia and other CIS countries. Generally speaking, the terrain is high in northwest, north and southeast, and low in northeast and southwest. It is mainly composed of mountains, platforms, plains and water surfaces. The Heilongjiang border line is 298 1.26 km long. It belongs to cold temperate zone and temperate continental monsoon climate.

Heilongjiang has a total area of 473,000 square kilometers, ranking sixth in the country, in which the cultivated land area of Heilongjiang Province is 15940850.84 hectares, accounting for 33.87% of the total land area of the province. It has jurisdiction over 12 prefecture-level cities and 1 regional administrative offices; There are 67 counties (cities), including 2 1 county-level cities. 2020165438+1October 1: 00 The resident population of Heilongjiang Province is 3 1850088.

Heilongjiang is rich in natural resources, with a forest coverage rate of 46. 14% and a forest area of 20.977 million hectares. China is rich in water resources, with many rivers and lakes, such as Heilongjiang, Wusuli, Songhua River and Suifenhe. The natural wetlands in Heilongjiang Province cover an area of 5.56 million hectares, ranking fourth in the country, accounting for one seventh of the national natural wetlands. It is an important breeding habitat and migration stop for rare waterfowl such as red-crowned cranes and oriental storks.

Geographical environment of Heilongjiang province:

Heilongjiang Province is the northernmost and easternmost province in China, with the highest latitude and the easternmost longitude. West1211'e, east 135 05' E, south to 43° 26' N and north to 53 33. The east-west span 14 longitude has three wet areas. Area 47. 30,000 square kilometers (including Jiagedaqi District and Songling District). The north and east are adjacent to Russia, and the border line is 3045 kilometers long, which is an important channel for the Asia-Pacific region to lead to the Russian Far East and the European continent. The west and south are adjacent to Inner Mongolia and Jilin Province respectively, and the east is close to the Sea of Japan.

The landform of Heilongjiang Province is characterized by "five mountains, one water, one grass and three fields". Generally speaking, the terrain is high in northwest, north and southeast, and low in northeast and southwest. It is mainly composed of mountains, platforms, plains and water surfaces. The northwest is Daxinganling in the northeast-southwest direction, the north is Xiaoxing 'anling in the northwest-southeast direction, and the southeast is Zhangguangcailing, Laoyeling and Wanda Mountain in the northeast-southwest direction. The piedmont and eastern mountains of Xing 'an Mountains are platforms, the northeast is Sanjiang Plain (including Xingkai Lake Plain), and the west is Songnen Plain. The elevation of mountainous areas in Heilongjiang Province is mostly between 300- 1000m, accounting for about 58% of the total area of the province. The elevation of the platform is between 200 and 350 meters, accounting for 14% of the total area of the province. The plain is between 50 and 200 meters above sea level, accounting for about 28% of the total area of the province.

Heilongjiang province belongs to cold temperate zone and temperate continental monsoon climate. From south to north, the whole province can be divided into middle temperate zone and cold temperate zone according to the temperature index. From east to west, it can be divided into humid area, semi-humid area and semi-arid area according to dryness index. The main features of the climate in the whole province are low temperature and drought in spring, warm and rainy in summer, easy waterlogging and early frost in autumn, long cold winter, short frost-free period and great regional differences in climate. The precipitation in Heilongjiang province shows obvious monsoon characteristics. Affected by the southeast monsoon in summer, there is abundant precipitation, and in winter it is dry and less rainy under the control of the dry and cold northwest wind. There are many rivers and lakes in Heilongjiang Province, including Heilongjiang, Wusuli, Songhua and Suifenhe. There are 288 rivers1river with a basin area of 50 square kilometers and above, with a total length of 92 1 kilometer.

There are many lakes in Heilongjiang Province, such as Xingkai Lake, Jingbo Lake and Wudalianchi. There are 253 lakes with an annual water surface area of 1 km2 or above, including 24 freshwater lakes and 0/2 saltwater lakes, with a total water surface area of 3,037 km2 (excluding the overseas area of cross-border lakes).

Tourism resources in Heilongjiang province:

There are 10 national excellent tourist cities and 227 key cultural relics protection units in Heilongjiang province, including 15 national key cultural relics protection units and 2 12 provincial key cultural relics protection units. There are 0/5 national nature reserves/kloc-and 35 provincial nature reserves, among which Zhalong national nature reserve is the first large waterfowl reserve in China. There are 34 famous scenic spots, including 2 national key scenic spots and 32 provincial scenic spots. There are 96 forest parks in Heilongjiang Province, including 54 national forest parks and 42 provincial forest parks. There are 0/5 geoparks/kloc-0, including 5 world geoparks/kloc-0, 5 national geoparks and 9 provincial geoparks. There are China northernmost post office, jaxa ancient battlefield site, Luoguhe Village, Gaxian Cave Stone Room, Shenzhou Arctic Stone Tablet, Arctic Post, Tahe Eighteen Station Ancient Human Site, Yanzhigou, Li Jinyong Ancestral Temple, Arctic Christmas Village, etc.

Brief introduction of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region:

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, referred to as "Xin" for short, is located in the northwest of China, in the hinterland of Eurasia, with an area of 6.5438+0.6649 million square kilometers, accounting for about one-sixth of the country's total land area; The country is adjacent to Tibet, Qinghai and Gansu, and the neighboring countries are Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. The land border is more than 5,700 kilometers long, accounting for about a quarter of the national land border. It is a provincial administrative region with the largest land area, the largest number of neighboring countries and the longest land border in China.

Xinjiang was called "Western Regions" in ancient times, which means the western territory of China, and it has been an inseparable part of the motherland since ancient times. In BC 138, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions, and the Western Han regime established contact with various cities in the Western Regions. In 60 BC, the Western Han Dynasty established the Western Regions Capital Protection House in Leo (present-day luntai county), marking the formal incorporation of Xinjiang into Chinese territory. 1884, the Qing government officially established a province in Xinjiang, and renamed the western regions "Xinjiang", which means "returning home". 1September 1949, Xinjiang was peacefully liberated, which opened a new era of Xinjiang's historical development. 1 955 65438+1October1The establishment of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with Urumqi as its capital (Mongolian means "beautiful pasture"), has opened a new chapter of cooperation and common prosperity of all ethnic groups. Under the leadership of China, the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang have forged ahead in unity and jointly written a glorious history of prosperity, development, unity and progress.

Xinjiang has been a multi-ethnic community since ancient times. At present, 56 ethnic groups live together. It is one of the provincial administrative regions with the most complete ethnic composition in China, mainly inhabited by Uygur, Han, Kazak, Mongolian, Hui, Kirgiz, Manchu, Xibe, Tajik, Daur, Uzbek, Tatar, Russian and other ethnic groups. By the end of 2020, the resident population of the whole region was 25,852,300, and the minority population accounted for 57.76% of the total population. Xinjiang has 14 prefectures (cities), including 5 autonomous prefectures, 5 regions and 4 prefecture-level cities in Urumqi, Karamay, Turpan and Hami. Counties (cities, districts) 107, including 66 counties, 28 county-level cities, and municipal districts 13, including 6 autonomous counties and 34 border counties (cities); There are 1 127 townships (streets), including 478 townships, 444 towns and 205 streets, including 42 ethnic townships; There are 1 1777 villages (communities), including 889 administrative villages1and 2886 communities. Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps is an important part of the autonomous region, with 14 divisions,165,438+0 corps directly under county-level cities, 56 established towns and 179 regiments embedded in Xinjiang 14 cities, covering an area of about 70,000 square kilometers.

Geographical environment of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region:

The landform of Xinjiang can be summarized as "three mountains and two basins": Altai Mountain in the north, Kunlun Mountain in the south and Tianshan Mountain in the middle, which divides Xinjiang into two parts. Traditionally, the south is called southern Xinjiang and the north is called northern Xinjiang. Tarim Basin, located in the south of Xinjiang, covers an area of about 530,000 square kilometers and is the largest inland basin in China. Taklimakan Desert in the middle of Tarim Basin, covering an area of about 330,000 square kilometers, is the largest mobile desert in China and the second largest in the world. The Tarim River, which runs through the Tarim Basin and is about 2575 kilometers long, is the longest inland river in China. Junggar Basin in northern Xinjiang covers an area of about 380,000 square kilometers and is the second great basin in China. On the east and west sides of Tianshan Mountain, there are Turpan Basin called Huozhou and Ili Valley called Jiangnan beyond the Great Wall. Aiding Lake, located in Turpan Basin, with an altitude of154.438+0m, is the lowest point on the land in China. The area of lakes and reservoirs in Xinjiang is about 10700 square kilometers, of which Bosten Lake is about 1000 square kilometers, making it the largest inland freshwater lake in China. The existing oasis area is143,000 square kilometers, accounting for 8.7% of the total area in Xinjiang, of which the natural oasis area is 8 1000 square kilometers, accounting for 56.6% of the total oasis area. The wetland covers a total area of 39,500 square kilometers, ranking fifth in the country.

Xinjiang belongs to a typical temperate continental arid climate, with scarce precipitation and large evaporation. The average annual precipitation is 170.6 mm, and there are 3,355 rivers in the region, of which 18 has annual runoff exceeding one billion cubic meters, and 3 have annual runoff exceeding ten billion cubic meters (Tarim River, Yili River and Irtysh River). Glacier reserves are 2. 1.3 trillion cubic meters, accounting for 42.7% of the whole country, so it is called "solid reservoir". The average water resources for many years is 83.4 billion cubic meters, including 79,654.38 billion cubic meters of surface water and 4.3 billion cubic meters of groundwater, accounting for about 3% of the total water resources in China. The spatial and temporal distribution of water resources is extremely uneven, with more in the west and less in the east, more in the north and less in the south, and more in mountains and plains. The area of land directly utilized by agriculture, forestry and Maki Ka in the whole region is 654.38+0 billion mu, accounting for more than one tenth of the land suitable for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in China. With 78.6343 million mu of cultivated land, 65.438+0.34 billion mu of woodland and 748 million mu of grassland, it is one of the five pastoral areas in China. The annual average sunshine time is 2300-3200 hours, and all kinds of crops are endowed with unique conditions for growth and reproduction.

There are many kinds of biological resources and unique species in Xinjiang. There are more than 730 species of vertebrates, accounting for 1 1% in China. 0/78 species of national key protected wild animals, accounting for 0/8% of the national total, including 45 species of national first-class protected wild animals and 0/33 species of national second-class protected wild animals, including Mongolian wild horses, Tibetan wild donkeys, Tibetan antelopes, snow leopards and other internationally endangered wild animals. There are more than 4,000 species of wild plants, 9 of which are listed as national key protected wild plants, including national first-class protected wild plants 1 species and national second-class protected wild plants/species. Ephedra, Apocynum venetum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Fritillaria, Codonopsis pilosula, Cistanche deserticola, Saussurea involucrata and Lycium barbarum are widely distributed and of good quality. There are many characteristic fruit varieties, including 2 14 excellent varieties. Turpan grapes, Korla pears, cantaloupes, Aksu apples, red dates, walnuts, apricots, pomegranates, plums, figs, almonds, medlar, seabuckthorn and other famous specialty products are all over southern Xinjiang, which are well-known at home and abroad and are known as the "hometown of fruits".

Xinjiang has a wide variety of minerals, huge reserves, rich energy resources and broad development prospects. 0/52 kinds of minerals/kloc-have been found in this area, accounting for 87.86% of the discovered minerals in China. 98 kinds of minerals with resource reserves were identified, accounting for 60.49% of the country, including 7 kinds of energy minerals, 34 kinds of metal minerals and 57 kinds of non-metal minerals. China has confirmed that there are 13 species with the largest resources, 56 species in the top five and 76 species in the top ten. According to the potential evaluation of mineral resources in Xinjiang, Xinjiang predicts 23 billion tons of oil resources, accounting for about 30% of the national onshore oil resources, natural gas resources 1.6 trillion cubic meters, accounting for about 34% of the national onshore natural gas resources, coal resources1.9 trillion tons, accounting for about 40% of the national coal reserves, and coalbed methane resources1. Iron, copper, lead, zinc, gold, chromium, nickel, rare metals, salt minerals, fluorite and other minerals are rich.

Tourism resources in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region:

Xinjiang is rich in cultural tourism resources and has great development potential. The natural landscape is magical and unique. Famous scenic spots include alpine lakes-Tianchi Lake in Tianshan Mountain, fairyland on earth-Kanas, green corridor-Grape Valley in Turpan, air grassland-Nalati, geological wonders-Cocoto Sea and so on. In 20 13, China Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang was listed in the World Natural Heritage List by UNESCO. 2065438+September 2008, Altay was awarded the national climate symbol of "China Snow Capital". With profound historical and cultural heritage, there are many ancient cultural sites, ancient tombs, cave temples and other cultural landscapes on the south, north and middle trunk lines of the ancient "Silk Road" of more than 5,000 kilometers, among which Jiaohe Old Town, Loulan Old Town Site and Qizil Thousand Buddha Cave are famous at home and abroad. There are 9,542 immovable cultural relics in the whole region, including 6 world cultural heritages, 33 national key cultural relics protection units/kloc-0, 620 cultural relics protection units at the autonomous region level and 95 cultural relics protection units open to the outside world, making them patriotic education bases and important tourist attractions. Ethnic customs are rich, and each ethnic group has its own characteristics in culture, art, sports, clothing, eating customs and so on. Ethnic dances are colorful and are known as "the hometown of singing and dancing".

Introduction to Hainan Province:

Hainan, referred to as "Qiong" for short, is the capital of Haikou and the provincial administrative region, special economic zone and free trade pilot zone (port) of People's Republic of China (PRC) (China). Located in South China of China, it is bounded by north latitude10837'-1103' and north latitude18/kloc-0'-2010', and it is adjacent to the north. The outline of Hainan Island is oval Sydney, with low terrain around and towering in the middle. It is a dome-shaped mountainous terrain, with Wuzhishan and Ying Ge Ridge as the uplift core, and gradually descending to the periphery. It is composed of mountains, hills, terraces, plains and other landforms. Hainan has a tropical monsoon climate, which is warm and hot all year round with abundant rainfall. Hainan Island in Hainan Province has a total area of 33,900 square kilometers and a sea area of about 2 million square kilometers. By the end of 20 19, Hainan Province had four prefecture-level cities, five county-level cities, four counties and six autonomous counties. Permanent population 1.0086438+0.2 million.

Hainan Province is the largest "tropical treasure land" in China, with a total land area of 3518700 hectares, accounting for 42.5% of the national tropical land area. Hainan is rich in animal and plant medicinal materials, known as the "natural drug storehouse", and there are about 2000 kinds of plants that can be used as medicine. Hainan Island is an ideal natural salt field. In the arc zone hundreds of miles from Sanya to the east coast, many bays and beaches can be salted. Hainan is rich in tourism resources with distinctive features. Coastal landscapes, islands, rare birds and animals, volcanoes and revolutionary memorials all have unique tourism value.

Hainan Province is located at the southernmost tip of China, bounded by Qiongzhou Strait in the north, facing Vietnam across the sea in the Beibu Gulf in the west, facing Taiwan Province Province in the South China Sea in the east, and bordering the Philippines, Brunei and Malaysia in the South China Sea in the southeast and south. The geographical location is between10837'-1103' east longitude and1810'-2010' north latitude. The outline of the island looks like an oval Sydney. It is about180km wide from northwest to southeast. The jurisdiction of Hainan Province includes the islands and reefs of Hainan Island, Xisha Islands, Nansha Islands and Zhongsha Islands and their sea areas. Hainan Province has a total land area of 35,000 square kilometers and a sea area of about 2 million square kilometers, of which Hainan Island covers an area of 33,900 square kilometers. ?

Most of the mountains in Hainan Island are between 500 meters and 800 meters, which are actually hills and low mountains. There are 8 peaks 1000 meters above sea level, which have become long undulating walls on low hills. The peaks above1500m are Wuzhishan, Ying Ge Mountain, Ozone Mountain, Monkey Mountain, Yajialing Mountain and Diaoluo Mountain.

These mountains are generally divided into three major mountains: Wuzhishan is located in the middle of Hainan Island, with the main peak at an altitude of 1867. 1 m, which is the highest peak in Hainan Island; Ying Ge Mountain is located in the northwest of Wuzhishan, with the main peak at an altitude of18116m. ?

In spatial distribution, the geological structure of Hainan Island has formed a main structural system with various directions, tracks and properties, such as east-west, north-south, northeast and northwest, which has become the main structural pattern of the land and controlled the recent island-land sedimentary construction, magmatic activity, mineralization and the distribution of mountains and rivers. There are four structural zones in the east-west direction from north to south, and folds and faults in the northeast direction are well developed, which can be divided into two groups in spatial distribution: northeast and northeast. The deep geological structure of Hainan Island is a depression area under the background of mantle uplift. The center of mantle depression is from Qiongzhong to Ledong, and the depth of mantle depression is more than 30 kilometers. Due to the differences in crustal structure and deep structure, the island has many different characteristics in geological structure, sedimentary formation and magmatic activity. ?

Hainan Island is located in the northern edge of the tropics and belongs to the tropical monsoon climate. It has always been known as a "natural greenhouse". It has a long summer and no winter. The annual average temperature is 22~27℃, and the accumulated temperature of 10℃ is 8200℃. The coldest January temperature is still 17 ~ 24℃, and the annual illuminance is 1750. Hainan Island is an ideal breeding base in South China because of its early spring, rapid temperature rise, large daily temperature difference, frost-free all year round and warm winter.

Hainan province has abundant rainfall, with annual precipitation1000 mm-2,600 mm and average annual precipitation 1639mm, with obvious rainy season and less rainy season. May ~ 10 is the rainy season every year, and the total precipitation is about 1500mm, accounting for 70 ~ 90% of the total annual precipitation. The main rain sources are frontal rain, thermal thunderstorm and typhoon rain. The rainy season is 1 1 until April of the following year, accounting for only 10 of the annual precipitation. ?

Hainan Island is high in the middle and low around, and most of the relatively large rivers originate in the central mountainous area, forming a radial water system. There are only 154 rivers entering the sea on the island, of which 38 rivers have a water surface exceeding 100 square kilometers. Nandujiang River, Changhuajiang River and Wanquan River are the three major rivers in Hainan Island, and their drainage areas account for 47% of the total island area. Nandujiang River originates from Nanfeng Mountain in Baisha County, obliquely crosses the northern part of the island and reaches Haikou City, with a total length of 3 1 1km. Changhua River originates from Kongshiling, Qiongzhong County, traverses the western part of Hainan Island and reaches Changhua Port, with a total length of 230 kilometers. The upper reaches of Wanquan River are divided into north branch and south branch, which originate from Wuzhishan and Fengmenling in Qiongzhong County respectively. Two tributaries flow to the mouth of Longjiang River in qionghai city and enter the sea at Boao Port, with a total length of 163km. There are few natural lakes and many artificial reservoirs on Hainan Island. The famous ones are Songtao Reservoir, Niululing Reservoir, Daguangba Reservoir and Linan Lake. ?

Hainan tourism resources:

The coastal landscape is located on the coastline of Hainan Island, with a length of 1.944 km. The sandy shore accounts for about 50% ~ 60%, and the beach is several hundred meters wide to 1000 meters or more. The slope with the sea surface is generally 5 degrees, which extends slowly. Most places are calm, the sea is clear, the sand is as white as floc, clean and soft; The shore is shaded by trees and the air is fresh; The seawater temperature is generally 18℃ ~ 30℃, and the sunshine is sufficient and bright. Sea bathing, sunbathing, sand bathing and wind bathing can be carried out most of the year. Today, international tourists like sunshine, sea water, beach, green and air, and the coast around Hainan Island has both. From Haikou to the east coast of Sanya, more than 60 places can be turned into bathing beaches. There are different types of coastal attractions along the island. On the east coast, the special tropical beach forest landscape-mangroves and the unique tropical coastal landscape-coral reefs have high ornamental value. Mangrove reserves have been established in Dongzhai Port of Haikou and Qinglan Port of Wenchang.

There are more than 100 islands around Hainan Island, which are mainly distributed in the eastern and southern coasts. There are 22 islands in Xisha Islands, with a land area of 8 square kilometers, of which Yongxing Island is the largest. These islands are located in the tropics, with long sunshine and abundant light energy. Zhou Haishui is clear and rich in aquatic resources, which is of great tourism value. The islands that have developed tourism projects include Wuzhizhou, Xidao, Jiezhoudao and Xisha Islands.

Mountain and tropical virgin forest Hainan Island has 8 peaks 1000 meters above sea level, with ups and downs, unique shape and magnificent momentum. The famous Wuzhishan has a jagged top shaped like five fingers. The majestic Ying Ge Mountain, the rugged Dongshan Mountain, the Taiping Mountain with waterfalls, Qixianling Mountain, Jianfengling Mountain, Diaoluoshan Mountain and Bawangling Mountain are all resorts for mountaineering and summer vacation. The mountainous areas in Hainan are characterized by dense tropical virgin forests, including four tropical virgin forest areas: Jianfengling in Ledong, Bawangling in Changjiang, Diaoluoshan in Lingshui and Wuzhishan in Qiongzhong, among which Jianfengling in Ledong is the most typical.

In order to protect species and facilitate viewing, Hainan has established a number of wildlife nature reserves and domestication farms, including the Black-crowned Gibbon Reserve in Bawangling, Changjiang, the Polu Reserve in Datian, Dongfang, the Jin Siyan Reserve in Dazhou Island, Wanning, the Macaque Reserve in Nanwan Peninsula, Lingshui, and the Tunchang Deer Farm.

Rivers, waterfalls, reservoirs, Nandujiang River, Changhuajiang River, Wanquan River and other rivers, with alternate beaches and lakes and winding and clear rivers, are good places for sightseeing, especially Wanquan River, which is famous all over the country. There are many waterfalls in rivers or mountain streams deep in the mountains, among which Wuzhishan Taiping Mountain Waterfall and Qiongzhong Baihualing Waterfall have long enjoyed a good reputation. There are many reservoirs in Hainan Island, especially Songtao, Fu Nan, Changmao and Shilu, which have the beauty of lakes and mountains, but lakes are not as good as lakes.

Volcanic eruptions in history have left many dead craters in Hainan Island. The most typical is Shishan Mountain in Haikou, with a double ridge over 200 meters above sea level. There are two craters on the ridge, and there is a concave ridge in the middle, which looks like a saddle, also known as saddle ridge. Leihuling Crater and Luojing Plate Crater near Shishan Mountain are also well preserved. There are many kinds of caves, among which the famous ones are Bijia Cave in Sanya, Ganlong Cave in Baoting and Huangdi Cave in Changjiang. Hot springs on the island are widely distributed, mostly therapeutic hot springs with low salinity, high temperature, large amount of water and good water quality, and the hot springs have pleasant scenery. Xinglong Hot Springs, Guantang Hot Springs, Nanping Hot Springs and Yanglan Hot Springs are suitable for the development of tourism integrating sightseeing, recuperation and scientific research.

Historic sites mainly include: Wugong Temple built to commemorate five famous historical officials, such as Li Deyu, who was demoted to Hainan Island in Tang and Song Dynasties, Dongpo Academy, a great writer in Northern Song Dynasty, Sugong Temple built to commemorate Su Shi, Qiongtai Academy built by Lei Qiongbing Jiao in Qing Dynasty, Qiu Jun's tomb, and Hai Rui's tomb, a famous official in Ming Dynasty, etc. According to legend, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Ma Yuan, a general, to Hainan and ordered the military forces in Hainan Province.

Revolutionary Memorial Sites in Hainan include the former site of the first part of Qiongya of the Communist Party of China, the former site of Qiongya Column Command, Red women soldiers Memorial Park, Jinniuling Martyrs Cemetery, Baisha Uprising Memorial Hall, the former site of Soviet government in Lingshui County, Soong Ching Ling ancestral home and exhibition hall, and General Zhang Memorial Hall.

Ethnic customs The ethnic minorities living in Hainan Island are Li, Miao and Hui. Up to now, many simple folk customs and living habits have been preserved, which makes Hainan's social outlook unique and colorful. Hainan is the only Li inhabited area in China. Li nationality has unique national culture and customs and unique tourism value.

Tropical Crops and Pastoral Scenery A large number of tropical crops grow in Hainan Island, which greatly enriches the natural landscape. Visitors to the island can not only enjoy the tropical pastoral scenery, increase their knowledge, but also taste tropical fruits.