Li Yuanhao, the first emperor of Xixia

On the fifth day of May in the first year of Song Jingde, a baby was born in Lingzhou. He cried when he was born and his eyes were bright. He was Li Yuanhao, the first emperor to formally establish the Xixia Dynasty. As a boy, Yuan Hao always liked to wear white long-sleeved clothes, a black crown on his head, and hold a bow and arrow. When traveling, he often took more than 100 cavalry with him, riding a fine horse. Two flag bearers opened the way in front of him, followed by a bodyguard, Zhang Qingsan, and three covers. He was surrounded from left to right. He is really arrogant. He was a young reader of poetry and books, especially military books. He devoted himself to studying them and devoted himself to the legal work of governing the country. He is always good at thinking and planning, and often has unique insights into things. Cao Wei, the general of the Song Dynasty, had long wanted to see Yuan Hao's elegant demeanor, but he couldn't help but I didn't see it. Later, he sent someone to secretly win over Yuan Hao's pictures. Cao Wei couldn't help but marvel at his appearance: What a brave man! When Yuan Hao came of age, he was very dissatisfied with his ancestors' submission to the Song Dynasty, especially his reliance on the gifts of the Song Dynasty, which changed the living habits of his nation. His father Li Deming said to him: I have been fighting for a long time, and I have been tired for a long time. My family has worn it for thirty years, and this Song En is undeniable! Yuan Hao refuted his father: clothing, furs, animal husbandry, sweet nature, a hero's life, being a king and domineering, why Jinqi? Li Yuanhao appeared in the war against the Huihe regime in Ganzhou in 1028 when Yuanhao was twenty-four years old. The Uighur regime centered in Ganzhou and the Tibetans who occupied Xiliang were allies of the Song Dynasty who could contact each other and coerce the party. In order to consolidate and develop the Xixia regime, Yuan Hao's father Li Deming first adopted the strategy of occupying the Hexi Corridor, and his son Yuan Hao assumed the important task of attacking the west. After Yuan Hao accepted the important task of attacking the Uighurs in the west, he adopted surprise attack tactics, which prevented the Uighur Khan from having time to mobilize his troops, and Ganzhou City was captured. After that, Guazhou and Shazhou fell in summer one after another. It was because of this outstanding military exploits that Yuan Hao was canonized as prince by Li Deming. Then Yuan Hao, according to his father's intention, took the initiative to attack Xixia Hou in the east and return to Li on the way to his army, and took advantage of the situation to break through in the west, succeeding in one fell swoop. The success of plundering Gansu and Liangliang not only expanded Dangxiang's power to the Hexi Corridor, but also won honor for young Li Yuanhao. In October of the first year of the Ming Dynasty in the Northern Song Dynasty, after Li Deming died of illness, Li Yuanhao obtained the supreme ruling power of the Xingzhou Party Xiang regime by virtue of his legal status as prince, military talent and outstanding military exploits. At this point, the territory controlled by Xixia started from the Yellow River in the east, Yumen in the west, Xiaoguan in the south, and Desert in the north; Twenty Thousand Li had actually formed a tripartite confrontation with Song and Liao. After Hao succeeded to the throne, in order to strengthen national consciousness, strengthen unity within the party, and win the support of the upper-level Bin family and the people of the party, he first abandoned the surnames Li and Zhao given to his ancestors during the Tang and Song Dynasties, and changed his surname to. my ancestors. My ancestor is Xixia, which means Green Emperor. Yuan Hao thought that his ancestor was Xianbei Tuoba. In order to remember his ancestors and maintain the old customs, he took the lead in baldness, shaved his head, and wore heavy rings to show that he was different. At the same time, the deadline for forcing all party tribes to go bald is three days. Anyone who disobeys can be put to death. For a time, people in the party were bald one after another. In 1034, Li Yuanhao changed the name of the country to Guangyun, which was later called the Jin Dynasty, and later changed to the Qing Dynasty. In May of the same year, the capital city of Xingzhou was upgraded to Xingqing Prefecture, and large-scale construction was carried out in the city, including the expansion of palaces and temples. The layout of Qingfu is modeled after Chang Song Dynasty and Tokyo An. According to t

Therefore, on the basis of the original military organization, with the formation of the Party State and the expansion of its territory, Yuan Hao subsequently changed the twelve tribal armed forces into twelve military administrative regions, and established There are twelve military supervision departments in the garrison, with a total of 500,000 soldiers. Each military supervisory department has a governor, deputy governor, and military supervisor, all of whom are appointed by prominent families. There are dozens of commanders, coaches, guards, officials, etc. Both party members and Han Chinese can serve. In addition to infantry, the standing army also includes cavalry, artillery and captured army guards. The artillerymen fired rocks using a weapon similar to the cyclone gun in the TV series Romance of the Three Kingdoms. The capture army is a collective name for the logistics or security forces, consisting of 100,000 people. Twenty-five thousand soldiers were stationed in the capital Feng Jing'en as a garrison, and 70,000 deputy soldiers were ordered to serve. There are also 5,000 imperial guards, all selected from soldiers who are well-born and good at bow and horse skills, and are controlled by Yuan Hao himself. The Ldquo issued by the national security department is generally worn by the garrison or in court; the bronze medal in Western languages ????is used as a symbol to defend life or internal service life. On October 11th, the third year of Yuanhao's reign, in Xingqing Mansion in the southern suburbs, the altar was high.

Yuan Hao officially ascended the throne of emperor with the support of his close confidants Ye Lirenrong, Yang Shousu and others. The country's name was Daxia, which was changed to the Yuan Dynasty, and the etiquette and laws were continued. Yuan Hao is thirty-four years old this year. One of the important reasons why Li Yuanhao proclaimed himself emperor after the founding of the Republic of China was that the Republic of China was based on the socio-economic development of Xixia. However, the rapid development of Xixia's social economy and the completion of the transformation to feudalism in a short period of time are inseparable from Li Yuanhao's efforts to strengthen economic ties with the Central Plains, absorb the advanced economic systems of the Central Plains, and change the original society of Xixia economic structure. The center of Xia is located in the fertile Yinchuan Plain on both sides of the upper reaches of the Yellow River. The Yellow River enriches Ningxia, which is the historical honor of this region. After the founding of the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China, Hao built a water conservancy project from Qingtong Gorge to Pingluo County on the basis of dredging the original river channel, with a total length of more than 200 miles, which was later called "Pingluo County". The remains of Qu Hao or Wang Gouqu still exist today. Qu Haoru carried out a large-scale construction project, making the area around Xingqing Mansion in the capital one of the main grain production bases in Xiazhou. Yuanhao also set up government agencies in the state; farmland was divided to manage agriculture. Dangxiang has always relied on animal husbandry as its economic basis, and captured the old village in Yuanhao. World Animal Husbandry; After passing through the cold areas of Gansu and Hexi Corridors, the development foundation of the animal husbandry economy is solid. The famous Dangma and livestock products are the main commodities for trade exchanges between Dangxiang area and Han areas. Frequent wars, massive consumption and livestock losses make it almost impossible to maintain the development of animal husbandry. Because animal husbandry has a special status in Party Township society, Li Yuanhao attaches great importance to animal husbandry. In order to continue the development of this nation's traditional economy, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Ministry of Animal Husbandry was established to manage the national animal husbandry. Yuan Hao is not only a very smart politician, but also an outstanding military strategist. When fighting, many tactics are specified based on objective circumstances. In order to win the battle, Yuan Hao did not hesitate to use various means and mobilize various forces to win with strategy. Every battle involves inducement to surrender, pretending to surrender, reading between the lines, sneak attack, or ambush. In the first month of the third year, Yuan Hao sent troops led by Ya Xiao, He Zhen and others to surrender to the governor of Songzhai. He ordered his soldiers to retreat without fighting when they encountered a scholar. He called the scholar "Tie Xianggong" and said, "When I heard that Xianggong was standing on the copper wall, I was afraid." Make Li Shibin even more proud and relax his defense. Then Li Yuanhao used unexpected tactics to besiege Jinming Village, and the Dangxiang soldiers pretended to surrender

The Battle of Sanchuankou was the first major victory after the founding of Xixia, which fully demonstrated the military command of Yuan Hao Xia Hou_ The capabilities and strength of the Xixia U.S. military. After the Song Army was defeated at Sanchuankou, Yuan Hao commanded the Xia Army to lure the enemy into the Song Army's American suppression plan, and once again severely damaged the Song Army. This is the famous Battle of Haoshuichuan. Haoshuichuan, 15 miles north of present-day Longde County, Ningxia, is surrounded by valleys on both sides. There is only one road to go, and it is a place where soldiers ambush. In February, only four years after the godsend extension, Yuan Hao launched another attack on Song Dynasty. Yuan Hao knew that an American general in the Song Army was eager for success and formulated a plan to lure the snake out of its hole. First, we send a small force to invade. When we met Ren Fu and faced the American army, we pretended to be defeated and retreated hastily. Ren's father didn't know what to do, so he abandoned Zizhong and led thousands of Qingqi to pursue him. Along the way, the Xia army abandoned many horses and camels, and the Song army chased after them. After entering the entrance of Haoshui River, Song Jun found many closed mud boxes on the road. He patted them with his hands, and the sounds of dancing came from within. Ren's father ordered the soldiers to smash open the box. The pigeons inside jumped up in fright and flew straight to the top of the valley. This was a signal that the Song army was ambushed. The Xia army received the signal, and a hundred thousand troops attacked from the top of the mountain, suppressing the Song army in the valley. On Li Yuanhao Mountain, the Baolao flag more than 20 feet long is a symbol of command. The flags on the west side of the Song Army point to the west, and the flags on the east side of the Song Army point east. However, the Song Army's sprint can never escape. The Song army suffered heavy casualties in this war, losing more than a dozen generals and officers, and Ren Fu was also killed. After the founding of the Yuan Dynasty, the three pillars of Song, Liao and Xia formed a situation that complicated the situation at that time and led to competition among the three countries. The foreign policy during the Yuanhao period was different from the alliance with Liao to resist the Song Dynasty during the succession period, and also different from the good relations with Song and Liao during the Deming period. Instead, improvise based on actual interests. Standing against the three kingdoms of Song, Liao and Shi; the strength and weakness of trends are considered to be similar and different. This is a very flexible foreign policy. After Yuan Hao succeeded to the throne, he married Liao and was named Liao. Once, the two countries had a dispute due to Dangxiang's rebellion, which triggered a war. After dealing a heavy blow to the Liao Kingdom, Yuan Hao immediately made peace with victory and restored the friendship between the two countries. Treating the Song Dynasty and forming an alliance with the Liao Dynasty, they were confident and brazenly launched attacks and plundering wars. Yuan Hao saw that the Liao State was selling out the interests of the Xia State and profiting from it, so he immediately decided to make peace with Song Dynasty and gave in to Song Dynasty on the issue of his status that he had always insisted on.

This move not only freed Yuan Hao from the predicament caused by the long-term war, which he had long wanted to end, but also avoided the danger that the Liao might sacrifice to obtain the economic interests of the Song and would be attacked from both sides. Compromise with the Song Dynasty, the two countries make peace, and obtain economic benefits from the Song Dynasty, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone. During the founding process of the Republic of China, Yuan Hao attached great importance to the training and recruitment of talents. At the beginning of the founding of Xixia, due to the busy wars, education was not developed, so Yuan Hao paid special attention to absorbing Han intellectuals to serve him. Records of Yuan Hao’s think tank include Wei Shouquan, Zhang Yi, Zhang Jiang, Yang Lang, Xu Minzong and Zhang Wenxian. Except for Wei Shouquan, all of them were from Dangxiang, and the rest were all Han. The reuse of Zhang Yuan and Wu Hao shows Yuan Hao's emphasis on Han talents. Zhang and Wu are human beings, and this is not the first time they have been scholars; and he thought he had Wang Zuo's talent and was unwilling to be lonely, so he wrote a poem: With a golden cage, burnt ink flies to other people's homes. Understand that the Song Dynasty discarded talents instead of using them, and they would serve foreign countries. The frontier commanders of the Song Dynasty failed to pay attention to it, so they entered Xixia.

Yuan Hao stipulated that Xixia's imperial edicts must be written in New Xia script. Thanks to Yuan Hao's strong advocacy and promotion by Yuan Haowen, Xixia writing has been widely used and quickly spread from official documents to folk daily life. This not only played a huge role in strengthening Yuan Haowen's unification and consolidation rule, and also made another outstanding contribution to strengthening the construction of national consciousness. After Yuan Hao succeeded to the throne, he was very dissatisfied with the Dangxiang tribe's implementation of the ritual and music system influenced by the Tang and Song Dynasties. According to the criteria of loyalty first and fighting first, it was believed that since the Tang and Song Dynasties, the rituals and music in the Central Plains area were too complicated and unsuitable for the habits of the Dangxiang people. Therefore, the nine rituals of worship were changed into three, and the five tones of Ge music were changed into one to simplify the ritual and music system. However, Yuan Hao, like many rulers in history, also had his own inherent and insurmountable shortcomings. He believed that the imperial power had always been stable, and he was intoxicated with his glorious achievements. In the later period, he was indifferent to national affairs. He often left the palace in Helan Mountain to play with the concubines and indulge in sexual activities. His son Ning Lingge married his wife. When he saw her beauty, he took it as his own and made her the new queen. Brother Ning hates me for not being able to bear the hatred of accepting love, and neither can careerists. Unable to hide the truth, he and his brother stabbed Yuan Hao to death in the palace. Yuan Hao had his nose cut off and was frightened and anxious, but his nose exploded and he died on the second day of the first lunar month in 1048, the eleventh year of the Cheyenne rite. Dangxiang, the founding emperor of the Xia Dynasty, was a Yingzong of the first generation, so he died midway.