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Significance

(1) The object of intellectual property is the intellectual achievements of people, which some people call spiritual (wisdom) outputs. This kind of output (intellectual achievement) also belongs to a kind of intangible property or intangible property, but it is different from the kind of intangible property that belongs to physical products (such as electrical), and the kind of intangible property that belongs to rights (such as mortgage rights). , trademark rights), it is a direct product of human intellectual activity (brain activity). This kind of intellectual achievement is not only thought, but the expression of thought. But it is different from the carrier of thought.

(2) The right subject has exclusive and exclusive use of intellectual achievements. In this regard, it is similar to ownership in real rights, so it was classified as property rights in the past.

(3) The benefits obtained by rights holders from intellectual property rights are both economic and non-economic in nature. These two aspects are combined and inseparable. Therefore, intellectual property rights are different from personality rights, family rights (the benefits are mainly non-economic), and property rights (the benefits are mainly economic).

[Edit this paragraph] Content

Intellectual property law regulates the intellectual property rights arising from the creation and use of intellectual achievements, as well as the recognition, protection and exercise of the intellectual property rights of the owner of intellectual achievements. The general term for the legal norms of various social relations that occur during the process.

Generally include the following legal systems;

Copyright legal system,

Patent legal system;

Copyright legal system;

Legal system for trademark rights;

Legal system for trade name rights;

Legal system for origin marking rights;

Legal system for trade secret rights; and Anti-unfair competition legal system, etc.

Intellectual property rights include: industrial property rights and copyright (called copyright in our country).

Industrial property rights

Invention patents, trademarks and industrial designs constitute industrial property rights. Industrial property rights include patents, trademarks, service marks, manufacturer names, names of origin, suppression of unfair competition, new plant variety rights and exclusive rights to integrated circuit layout designs, etc.

Main types:

1. Trademark rights refer to the exclusive rights granted by the trademark authorities to trademark owners in accordance with the law to protect their registered trademarks under national laws. A trademark is a commercial sign used to distinguish goods and services from different sources. It consists of words, graphics, letters, numbers, three-dimensional signs, color combinations, or a combination of the above elements. To obtain trademark rights in my country, the trademark registration procedure must be followed, and the first-to-file principle must be implemented. Trademark is an identification mark in industrial activities, so the role of trademark rights is mainly to maintain order in industrial activities, which is different from the role of patent rights, which is mainly to promote the development of industries.

2. Patent rights and patent protection refer to an invention-creation filing a patent application with the National Patent Office. After passing the examination in accordance with the law, the patent applicant is granted the right to enjoy the invention-creation within the specified time. exclusive rights. According to my country's patent law, there are three types of inventions, namely inventions, utility models and designs. After an invention or utility model patent is granted patent rights, the patentee has exclusive rights to the invention and creation. No unit or individual may exploit the patent without the permission of the patentee, that is, they may not manufacture, use, or use the patent for production and business purposes. Promise to sell, sell and import its patented products. After the design patent right is granted, no unit or individual may implement the patent without the permission of the patentee, that is, they may not manufacture, sell or import the patented products for production and business purposes. Without the permission of the patentee, the exploitation of the patent will infringe the patent rights. If a dispute arises, it shall be resolved by the parties through negotiation; if the parties are unwilling to negotiate or the negotiation fails, the patentee or interested party may sue the People's Court or request management. The department handles patent work. Of course, there are exceptions to non-infringement, such as prior use rights and use for scientific research purposes. Patent protection adopts a protection model of "two channels, parallel operations, and judicial protection" of judicial and administrative law enforcement.

Administrative protection in this region adopts the form of patent enforcement in the form of roving enforcement and joint enforcement, concentrating efforts and focusing on intensifying the crackdown on group infringement, repeated infringement and other phenomena that seriously disrupt the patent legal environment.

3. Trade name rights. That is, the manufacturer's name right is a right to use one's registered trade name (manufacturer name, company name) without interference from others. An enterprise's trademark right cannot be equated with an individual's name right (a type of personality right).

In addition, names of origin, know-how, and anti-unfair competition are also stipulated in the Paris Convention. However, names of origin are not intellectual achievements, and know-how and unfair competition can only be protected by anti-unfair competition. Competition law protection is generally not included in the scope of intellectual property rights.

Copyright (Copyright)

Works in the natural sciences, social sciences, literature, music, drama, painting, sculpture, photography and film photography constitute copyright. Copyright is the legally stipulated right for a certain unit or individual to print, publish and sell a certain work. Anyone who wants to copy, translate, adapt or perform must obtain the permission of the copyright owner, otherwise it will be an infringement of the rights of others. Behavior. The essence of intellectual property rights is to treat human intellectual achievements as property. Copyright is a civil right enjoyed by original authors of literary, artistic, scientific and technological works in accordance with the law.

Copyright: In my country, when copyright is used in a broad sense, it includes (in a narrow sense) copyright, neighboring rights, computer software copyright, etc., which fall within the scope of the Copyright Law. This is the exclusive right of the copyright owner to exclusively exploit the work (work). Copyright in the narrow sense is further divided into the right to publish, the right to authorize, the right to modify, the right to protect the integrity of the work, the right to use and the right to receive remuneration (Article 10 of the Copyright Law). Copyright is divided into personal rights and property rights. Copyright, patent rights, and trademark rights sometimes overlap, which is a characteristic of intellectual property rights.

Copyright:

1: Copyright arises from the date of completion of the creation of the work.

2: Also called copyright. Divided into moral rights and property rights. Among them, the connotation of moral rights of works includes the right of publicity, the right of name expression, and the right to prohibit others from using the work in a distorted or altered manner to damage the reputation of the author.

3: There are the following rights

(1) The right of publication, that is, the right to decide whether the work will be made public;

(2) The right of signature, that is, the right to indicate The identity of the author, the right to sign the work;

(3) The right to modify, that is, the right to modify or authorize others to modify the work;

(4) The right to protect the integrity of the work, that is, to protect the work The right to protect the work from distortion or tampering;

(5) The right to reproduce, that is, the right to make one or more copies of the work by printing, copying, rubbing, recording, videotaping, ripping, or photocopying, etc. ;

(6) Distribution rights, that is, the right to provide originals or copies of works to the public by selling or donating them;

(7) Rental rights, that is, allowing others to temporarily license others for a fee The right to use film works and works created with similar methods of filmmaking, and computer software, except that computer software is not the main subject of the lease;

(8) Exhibition rights, that is, the public display of fine arts and photographic works The right to the original or copy of the work;

(9) Performance right, that is, the right to perform the work publicly and to publicly broadcast the work by various means;

(10) Screening Right, that is, the right to publicly reproduce art, photography, movies, and works created by methods similar to filmmaking through projectors, slide projectors and other technical equipment;

(11) Broadcasting rights, that is, wirelessly The right to broadcast or disseminate works, to disseminate broadcast works to the public by wired transmission or rebroadcasting, and to disseminate broadcast works to the public through loudspeakers or other similar instruments that transmit symbols, sounds, and images;

(12) Information network dissemination right, that is, the right to provide works to the public through wired or wireless means so that the public can obtain the works at a time and place of their personal choosing;

(13) Filming Right, that is, the right to fix the work on a carrier by making a movie or using a method similar to making a movie;

(14) Adaptation right, that is, the right to change the work and create a new original work ;

(15) Translation rights, that is, the right to convert works from one language into another language;

(16) Compilation rights, that is, works or works The right to assemble the fragments into a new work through selection or arrangement;

(17) Other rights that should be enjoyed by the copyright owner.

Copyright protects the expression of ideas, not the ideas themselves, because while protecting exclusive private property rights such as copyrights, the accumulation of human civilization and the relationship between knowledge and information must also be taken into account. Dissemination, therefore algorithms, mathematical methods, techniques or machine designs are not protected by copyright.

[Edit this paragraph] Characteristics

Characteristics of intellectual property

(1) Intellectual property is a kind of intangible property.

(2) Intellectual property rights are proprietary.

(3) Intellectual property rights have the characteristics of timeliness.

(4) Intellectual property rights have regional characteristics.

(5) The acquisition of most intellectual property rights requires legal procedures. For example, the acquisition of copyright is automatically generated from the date of completion of the work.

1. Exclusiveness, that is, exclusivity or monopoly; no one other than the right holder may enjoy or use the right except with the consent of the right holder or as required by law. This indicates that the rights holder’s exclusive or monopolized exclusive rights are strictly protected from infringement by others. Only through legal procedures such as "compulsory licensing" and "expropriation" can the exclusive rights of the right holder be changed. The object of intellectual property is the intellectual achievement of a person, not a person or personality, nor an external tangible or intangible object, so it cannot belong to either personality rights or property rights. On the other hand, intellectual property rights are a complete right, but the interests that are the content of the rights are both economic and non-economic. Therefore, intellectual property rights cannot be said to be a combination of the two types of rights. For example, it is wrong to say that copyright is a combination of personal rights (or moral rights, moral rights) and property rights.

Intellectual property rights are rights with relatively complex content (multiple rights) and both economic and non-economic aspects. Therefore, intellectual property rights should stand side by side with personality rights and property rights and form a category of their own.

2. Regionality, that is, it is only valid within the recognized and protected region; that is, except for international conventions or bilateral reciprocal agreements, a certain right protected by the law of a country is only valid in that country. legal effect within the scope. Therefore, intellectual property rights are both regional and, under certain conditions, international.

3. Temporal nature, that is, protection only within a specified period. That is to say, the legal protection of various rights stipulates a certain validity period. The length of the protection period may or may not be the same in the laws of various countries. Only when participating in an international agreement or making an international application can a certain right be unified. Protection period.

4. Intellectual property rights are absolute rights, which are similar to ownership in property rights in some respects, such as the right to directly control the object, which can be used, benefited from, disposed of, and controlled by others (but No possession issues arise); exclusivity; transferability (including inheritance), etc.

5. Intellectual property rights are restricted by law in several aspects. Although intellectual property rights are private rights, and although the law also recognizes their exclusive exclusivity, because people's intellectual achievements are highly public and closely related to the development of society, culture and industry, they should not be monopolized by anyone for a long time. , so the law stipulates many restrictions on intellectual property rights:

First, from the perspective of the occurrence of rights, the law stipulates various positive and negative conditions and methods of publicity. For example, the occurrence of patent rights must be subject to application, examination and approval. There are various conditions for inventions, utility models and designs that are granted patent rights (Articles 22 and 23 of the Patent Law). Patent rights are not granted for certain matters. (Article 25 of the Patent Law). Although there are no restrictions on application, examination, or registration for copyright, there are restrictions under Articles 3 and 5 of the Copyright Act.

Second, the law has special provisions on the duration of rights. This is the big difference between intellectual property rights and ownership rights.

Third, the right holder has certain obligations to use or implement. The law provides for a compulsory licensing or compulsory enforcement licensing system. Regarding copyright, the law also provides for a fair use system.

6. Legal characteristics of intellectual property rights. Legally speaking, intellectual property rights have the three most obvious legal characteristics:

First, the territorial nature of intellectual property rights, that is, except for international conventions or bilateral or multilateral agreements, intellectual property rights are acquired in accordance with the laws of a country. The rights can only be valid within the territory of that country and are protected by the laws of that country;

The second is the exclusivity of intellectual property rights, that is, only the right holder can enjoy it, and others cannot exercise their rights without the permission of the right holder;

The third is the timeliness of intellectual property rights. The laws of various countries have stipulated a certain period of time for intellectual property rights. After the expiration of the period, the rights will automatically terminate.

The person in charge of the Intellectual Property Department of Lantai Law Firm, which focuses on the legal protection of intellectual property rights, said, “Intellectual property rights refer to the legal rights that citizens, legal persons or other organizations enjoy in accordance with the law on the intellectual achievements completed by creative labor. The exclusive rights are protected by law and shall not be infringed. ”

[Edit this paragraph] Function

(1) It provides legal protection for the rights and interests of persons who have completed intellectual achievements and mobilized them. The enthusiasm and creativity of people engaged in scientific and technological research and the creation of literary and artistic works.

(2) It provides a legal mechanism for the promotion, application and dissemination of intellectual achievements, transforms intellectual achievements into productive forces and applies them to production and construction, generating huge economic and social benefits.

(3) Provide legal guidelines for international economic, technological, trade, cultural and artistic exchanges, and promote the progress of human civilization and economic development.

(4) As an important part of modern civil and commercial law, the intellectual property legal system is of great significance to improving our country’s legal system and building a country ruled by law.

[Edit this paragraph] History

In the past, especially in civil law countries, intellectual property rights were called intangible property rights and included in property rights (alongside property rights and creditor's rights) .

Since the term "intellectual property rights" became popular internationally, especially after the establishment of the "World Intellectual Property Organization", "intellectual property rights" has completely replaced the term "incorporeal property rights". As for dividing intellectual property rights from property rights, it is because intellectual property rights have their own characteristics, which are very different from property rights.

Knowing what rights intellectual property rights include, that is to say, how to classify intellectual property rights, is not only a theoretical issue, but also involves the provisions of current national laws and international conventions. Article 2, paragraph 8, of the Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization (1967) stipulates that "intellectual property rights" include the following related property rights: literary, artistic and scientific writings or works; performances of performing artists, recordings or sound recordings or broadcasts ; Inventions in various fields through human endeavor; scientific discoveries; industrial designs; trademarks, service marks and trade names and logos; and all other property rights arising from intellectual activities in the industrial, scientific, literary or artistic fields.

According to this provision, intellectual property rights can be divided into two major categories. The first category is to protect people's intellectual creative activities in various aspects of culture and industry, including copyrights and invention rights; the second category is to protect identification marks in industrial activities, including trademark rights, trade name rights, etc. . The former category can be divided into copyrights, which mainly protect and promote spiritual culture, and patent rights, which mainly protect and promote material culture.

But in fact, before the above-mentioned convention, the 1883 Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property already had provisions on "industrial property", saying: The objects of industrial property protection include patents and utility models. , industrial designs, trademarks, service marks, manufacturer names, signs of origin or designations of origin and the suppression of unfair competition. Therefore, intellectual property rights are generally divided into two categories: copyright and industrial property rights. Under industrial property rights, they are further divided into patent rights, trademark rights, trade name rights, etc. This division also makes sense. Industrial property rights involve "industry", but copyright does not.

Nowadays, due to the advancement of science and technology, more and more human intelligent products should be protected by law, and the scope of intellectual property rights has gradually expanded. For example, the protected objects have been expanded to include layout design, computer software, proprietary technology, integrated circuits, etc., and the number is still increasing. Therefore, intellectual property rights are now a general term for a category of rights that is still expanding.

Concerning intellectual property rights, there are many issues that need to be studied.

In 1893, the International Bureau established under the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property and the International Bureau established under the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works joined forces to form the International Joint Bureau for the Protection of Intellectual Property. The World Intellectual Property Organization was established in Stockholm in 1967 and became one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations in 1974. Its purpose is to collaborate with other international organizations through international cooperation to promote the protection of intellectual property rights worldwide and to ensure administrative cooperation among various intellectual property alliances. China joined the World Intellectual Property Organization on March 3, 1980, and became a formal member of the organization on June 3 of the same year.

The "General Principles of the People's Republic of China and Civil Law" stipulates six types of intellectual property rights, namely copyright, patent right, trademark right, discovery right, invention right and other scientific and technological achievement rights, and stipulates Civil law protection system for intellectual property rights. The "Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China" also defines the relevant content of intellectual property crimes in eight articles in Section 7, thus defining China's criminal law protection system for intellectual property rights. In addition, the "Patent Law of the People's Republic of China", "Trademark Law", "Copyright Law", "Regulations on Invention Rewards" and other separate laws and administrative regulations also provide for relevant intellectual property rights.

[Edit this paragraph] The scope is constantly expanding

Intellectual property is an open system that is constantly expanding. The development of science and technology and social progress have not only continuously enriched the connotation of traditional types of intellectual property rights, but also continuously expanded the extension of intellectual property rights. According to international conventions such as the TRIPs Agreement and the Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization, as well as domestic legislation such as my country’s General Principles of Civil Law and the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, the scope of intellectual property rights mainly includes the following:

1. Copyright and related rights.

Copyright, also known as copyright, refers to the personal and property rights enjoyed by authors of literary, artistic and scientific works and their related subjects in accordance with the law. Neighboring rights are called “copyright-related rights and interests” in copyright law.

2. Patent rights refer to the exclusive right to implement inventions, utility models and designs that a natural person, legal person or other organization enjoys within a certain period of time in accordance with the law.

3． Trademark rights refer to the various rights that a trademark registrant or rights successor enjoys over a registered trademark within the statutory period.

4. Trade secret rights refer to the exclusive rights enjoyed by civil subjects in accordance with the law over technical information or business information that are trade secrets.

5. New plant variety rights refer to the exclusive right to use the authorized varieties enjoyed by units or individuals who have completed the breeding in accordance with the law.

6. Integrated circuit layout design rights refer to the exclusive rights enjoyed by natural persons, legal persons or other organizations in accordance with the law over integrated circuit layout designs.

7． Trade name rights refer to the exclusive right to use a trade name that a commercial entity enjoys within a certain geographical scope in accordance with the law.

There are large differences in the theoretical circles as to whether the right to reward scientific and technological achievements, geographical indication rights, domain name rights, anti-unfair competition rights, special database rights, commercialization rights, etc., can become independent intellectual property rights.

[Edit this paragraph] Relevant knowledge

The headquarters of the United Nations World Intellectual Property Organization in Geneva

In 1893, it was established in accordance with the "Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property" The International Bureau of the United Nations joined forces with the International Bureau established under the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works to form the International Joint Bureau for the Protection of Intellectual Property. The World Intellectual Property Organization was established in Stockholm in 1967 and became one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations in 1974. Its purpose is to collaborate with other international organizations through international cooperation to promote the protection of intellectual property rights worldwide and to ensure administrative cooperation among various intellectual property alliances. China joined the World Intellectual Property Organization on March 3, 1980, and became a formal member of the organization on June 3 of the same year.

World Intellectual Property Day 4.26

The origin of World Intellectual Property Day

According to the proposal of the People’s Republic of China and Algeria in 1999, World Knowledge At the 35th General Assembly of WIPO held in 2000, it passed a resolution and decided to designate April 26 every year as "World Intellectual Property Day" starting from 2001. April 26 is the date on which the Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization (the “World Intellectual Property Organization Convention”) comes into force. The establishment of World Intellectual Property Day aims to establish a worldwide awareness of respecting knowledge, advocating science and protecting intellectual property rights, and to create a legal environment that encourages knowledge innovation and protects intellectual property rights.

Review of the themes of "World Intellectual Property Day" over the years

2001: Creating the future today

2002: Encouraging innovation

2003 : Intellectual property rights are closely related to us

2004: Encourage creation

2005: Think, imagine, create

2006: Intellectual property rights - start with ideas

2007: Encourage innovation

2008: Respect intellectual property and praise innovation

2009: Culture, strategy, development

2010: Innovation - Connecting the World

From the perspective of the relationship between innovation and ownership of intellectual property rights, there are three main ways

One is to obtain intellectual property rights through independent innovation;

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The second is joint innovation (that is, the combination of industry, academia and research in the technological innovation system) to obtain intellectual property rights;

The third is the direct introduction of intellectual property rights.

[Edit this paragraph] Intellectual Property Protection in China

Major Events (1978-2005)

Joined the World Intellectual Property Organization on June 3, 1980 and became the Its 90th member state

In 1982, 1984, 1986, 1990, and 1993, my country’s Trademark Law, Patent Law, General Principles of Civil Law, Copyright Law, and Anti-Unfair Competition Law were promulgated and implemented successively. , China’s legal system for intellectual property protection is gradually established.

In 1978, 1980, and 1985, the Trademark Office, Patent Office, and Copyright Office were established successively, and China's intellectual property administrative management and law enforcement system has gradually improved.

In 1993 and 1994, the China Music Copyright Association and the China Trademark Association were established one after another, and the intellectual property industry association organizations were gradually improved.

On June 16, 1994, the State Council Information Office published the white paper "The Status of Intellectual Property Protection in China" for the first time, which elaborated on China's basic position and attitude in protecting intellectual property rights. On July 5, the State Council issued the "Decision on Further Strengthening the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights," and the eighth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress adopted the "Decision on Punishing Crimes of Copyright Infringement." In September, the Supreme People's Court issued the "Notice on Further Strengthening Judicial Protection of Intellectual Property Rights."

On January 17, 1992 and February 26, 1995, the Chinese and American governments twice signed memorandums of understanding on the protection of intellectual property rights. Since 2003, China and the United States have held an annual intellectual property roundtable to reach broad consensus on relevant intellectual property issues.

In 1992, the "Patent Agent Regulations" were promulgated and implemented, and the patent agent qualification examination began in the same year.

On September 16, 2000, the National Trademark Agent Qualification Examination was held simultaneously in the six examination districts of Beijing, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Xi'an, Shenyang, and Hangzhou. This was the first trademark agent qualification examination open to the whole society.

On September 5, 1996, the Standing Committee of the Eighth People's Congress of Guangdong Province reviewed and approved the "Guangdong Provincial Patent Protection Regulations", becoming the first local patent protection regulations. Subsequently, Sichuan, Hubei, Shandong, Liaoning, Anhui, Shanxi, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Henan, Fujian, Xiamen and other places successively promulgated regulations to implement patent protection.

In October 1996, the Supreme People's Court established an Intellectual Property Tribunal to hear various intellectual property cases and guide and supervise the intellectual property trial work nationwide. Since they began to accept technology contract dispute cases in 1981, Chinese courts have continued to expand the scope of intellectual property trials and have successively launched various types of intellectual property cases such as copyright, trademark, patent, unfair competition, computer software, and new varieties of objects.

On June 3, 1980, China became a member of the World Intellectual Property Organization. On December 11, 2001, China joined the World Trade Organization and began to fulfill its obligations under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). These are two milestones that mark China’s level of intellectual property protection in line with international standards. In addition, over the years, China has successively joined the Paris Treaty for the Protection of Industrial Property, the Patent Cooperation Treaty, the Madrid Agreement for the International Registration of Trademarks, the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants, and the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works. , "Universal Copyright Convention" and more than 10 international conventions, treaties, agreements or protocols.

The second revised "Patent Law of the People's Republic of China" came into effect on July 1, 2001

Page 13 of "People's Daily" on May 22, 2003 The publication stated: "In order to change the weak awareness of intellectual property protection among domestic enterprises, the State Intellectual Property Office is actively implementing a project called the 'Patent Strategy Promotion Project', hoping to attract more and more enterprises to pay attention to intellectual property protection."

In August 2004, the National Intellectual Property Protection Working Group, chaired by Vice Premier Wu Yi, was established to vigorously strengthen the overall coordination of intellectual property protection.

After the establishment of the working group, it deployed a one-and-a-half-year special action to protect intellectual property rights across the country, carried out the annual "Intellectual Property Protection Publicity Week" activities, established a regular communication and coordination mechanism with foreign-invested enterprises, and held "Provincial and Departmental "Special Seminar on Intellectual Property Protection for Level-Level Leading Cadres" to comprehensively improve the level of intellectual property protection in China.

Relevant legislation

(1), Patent Law. my country’s Patent Law came into effect on April 1, 1985. The patent system established in accordance with the law protects patent rights for inventions and creations. Inventions and creations include inventions, utility models and designs.

(2), Trademark Law. my country's Trademark Law came into effect in March 1985. Amendments were made on February 22, 1993, which expanded the scope of trademark protection. In addition to commodity trademarks, regulations on the registration and management of service trademarks were added; a correction procedure was added in the formal examination, and an examination opinion was established in the substantive examination. system.

(3) Copyright law. my country's Copyright Law came into effect on June 1, 1991. Revised in October 2001.

(4), Computer Software Protection Regulations. The "Computer Software Protection Regulations" were implemented on January 1, 2002.

(5). New plant variety protection system. my country's new plant variety protection regulations came into effect on October 1, 1997.

[Edit this paragraph] China Intellectual Property Law Enforcement Map

Courts, Procuratorates, Public Security Bureaus

State Intellectual Property Office, Patent Office

Administrative Bureau for Industry and Commerce, Trademark Office

Cultural Affairs Bureau, Press and Publication Bureau, Copyright Office

Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Forestry

Customs

Quality Supervision Bureau, Ministry of Information Industry, China Internet Network Information Center

Intellectual Property Protection Reporting and Complaint Service Center

China Intellectual Property Law Enforcement Map