Set a wrong angle for the analysis and summary of classical Chinese.

1. Problem-solving skills of classical Chinese summary analysis Step 1: translate word by word Step 2: invert sentences, etc., and change positions. Step 3: omit something, such as the subject and object, and some will come out. Step 4: Then if you feel strange, write better. For example, if I translate a sentence, he can say: xxxxxx. He said: xxxxxx is just an example, and then classical Chinese translation has eight 9 steps. Just remember these four steps first, and you'll be fine. In the third grade, the teacher will systematically talk about these four steps, which are basically the three requirements of perfect score in classical Chinese. If you believe it, don't mispronounce it, but express your meaning, so you should omit it and make up for it. That's the fourth step I said, and then read more books and do more problems. I can write classical Chinese.

2. Analysis and synthesis of classical Chinese 1. Hunan Volume 20 12 Test Description The test scope of "Reading Ancient Poems" in the "Test Content" section includes "Analysis and Synthesis" and "Appreciation and Evaluation". The former specifically includes three points: (1) filtering the information in the text; (2) Summarize the main points and summarize the central meaning; (3) Analyze and summarize the author's views and attitudes.

The ability level is C, which includes two points: (1) appreciating the image, language and expression skills of literary works; (2) Evaluate the ideological content of the article and the author's views and attitudes.

The ability level is D-level II, a brief interpretation of 1. "Screening the information in the text" and "screening the information in the text" require candidates to analyze and summarize the content of the article on the basis of reading the original text and accurately grasp the important information in the text.

These important information include: first, the basic concepts and new understandings in the article; The second is the explanation and explanation of important concepts and knowledge; Third, the sentence that best expresses the author's writing intention is the main idea of the article. There are also some sentences that can effectively express the author's point of view and reflect the main idea of the article. They are also important information.

Screening the information in the text, the scope of examination is generally people, time, place, discussion, things, reasons, emotions and so on. Written in the text, and the focus of the examination is on the generalization ability of characters' words and deeds and moral images. Second, "summarize the main points, summarize the central meaning" to summarize the main points, summarize the center, and examine students' understanding of the full text or a key link.

This is the focus of classical Chinese reading, and it is to examine students' comprehensive ability on the basis of understanding, which is more difficult than correctly grasping the meaning of the text. If you simply understand the content of the language, you can only understand the sentences, but you can't further understand the main idea of the reading material, let alone appreciate and evaluate it.

Therefore, it is very important to summarize the meaning of the text on the basis of analysis. In recent years, this kind of induction is often carried out through the understanding of the article.

Summarizing the main points of the content, the choice of examination questions is often an overview of the original content, or whether it is consistent with the original text, which requires candidates to accurately analyze the content of the article, carefully understand, repeatedly scrutinize and make a correct judgment. Third, "analyze and summarize the author's views and attitudes in the text", which is also the analysis and synthesis of reading materials. It requires students to analyze and summarize the author's own views when describing an event or explaining a truth, rather than the specific content of the event or the truth itself.

When writing an article, the author may express his views and attitudes in terms of material selection, narrative angle, sentence tone and direct lyric discussion. The author's views and attitudes are sometimes obvious, and sometimes subtle and tortuous, so the difficulty of such problems often increases accordingly.

For example, the eighth question of Hunan College Entrance Examination on 20 1 1 and the eighth question of Tianjin College Entrance Examination on 20 1 are all general analyses of the main points of the article, as well as the author's views and attitudes. Third, the proposition orientation In recent years, the college entrance examination papers have taken the overall grasp of the meaning of the text as the highlight of the classical Chinese reading test. There are generally two questions, which are multiple-choice questions and subjective questions.

The content of the examination mainly focuses on the following three points: first, the screening of information is examined. The most common way is directional examination, that is, several sentences are selected and divided into four groups, and it is required to find a group that all explains a certain problem (words and deeds of characters or moral image, etc.). ). The second is to examine whether the narrative of the overall meaning of the text conforms to the original meaning.

The third is to examine the ability of information analysis and integration in the form of subjective questions. Based on the previous analysis, the "analysis and synthesis" ability of classical Chinese reading in college entrance examination will not change greatly, but it still changes slightly every year. Candidates can make corrections as long as they understand the original text.

Fourth, the college entrance examination classical Chinese analysis comprehensive problem error trap setting reveals that there is often a problem in the college entrance examination classical Chinese reading test. This is to examine the candidates' comprehensive hope that the landlord will adopt it! Thank you.

3. How to identify the interference items summarized in classical Chinese? The classical Chinese reading test in the college entrance examination often has an inductive generalization question.

This is a "final question" to examine candidates' comprehensive grasp of the content and theme of classical Chinese reading materials, which is required every year. This question is often set in the form of pointing out the wrong option. It is undoubtedly of great benefit to explore the skills of setting the trap of the proposer's wrong item for improving the examinee's resolution and judging the right or wrong understanding of the text quickly and accurately.

Generally speaking, proposers often set the following "traps": 1. The misinterpretation of the meaning of words in the report is often used to set the wrong points in the test questions. Therefore, after entering the option, we should carefully distinguish whether the words in the original text have any interpretation errors, find the original sentences, and use the method of context inference to scrutinize them. Second, the object is misplaced. In recent years, most of the selected articles read in classical Chinese in the college entrance examination are biographical and narrative articles, and the paragraphs often involve a group of people and events. It is precisely by grasping this feature that the proposer deliberately mismatched some "people" and "things" and skillfully designed the wrong topic of "replacing trees with flowers".

Third, the time sequence is reversed. Biographical articles usually describe a person through several things, and these things are chronological in the article. When designing the wrong project, the proposer sometimes deliberately reverses the time sequence of things, thus causing confusion in the narrative. Fourth, add the information added by yourself in the options that did not actually appear in the original text to the summary to set the wrong point.

Fifth, the narrative of events is divided into details, the analysis of reasons is divided into primary and secondary, the actions of characters are divided into priorities, and the evaluation of characters is divided into priorities. However, when designing the wrong project, the proposer often deliberately reverses the details, priorities and priorities, and makes the mistake of expressing losses. Sixth, the so-called "miscellaneous events" means that the proposer consciously mixes several things or details described in the article, making it difficult for candidates to distinguish right from wrong and sort out the mess.

4. How to answer the analysis and summary of classical Chinese in the college entrance examination?

Ordinary high school students register through the school; Social candidates signed up for the exam with a junior high school diploma four years ago; The prerequisite for registration is that candidates have taken the academic proficiency test and all their scores have met the registration requirements (generally, four compulsory subjects of candidates are required to be above Grade C and the information technology subject is "qualified", and six compulsory subjects of Art Candidates require that any three subjects be above Grade C and the information technology subject is "qualified").

1. In my personal experience, the quality of the school directly determines the moral professional resources and the level of classmates and friends around me. My undergraduate course is an ordinary college, so it is difficult for me to get in touch with cutting-edge lectures, market analysis and the opinions of related industries. I have been working behind closed doors with my classmates for four years. From a professional point of view, lack of vision. In my senior year, I thought it was good to enter the power plant. After graduating from graduate school, I went to my present school. In the first stage of graduate school, I found that my classmates were obviously different from my undergraduate classmates. At least they all love learning, and there are basically no empty seats in the library. So the level of contact with people (learning ability) is different.

2. It is also important for undergraduate colleges to provide your platform. Take graduate school as an example. 2 1 1985 college students have advantages. A certain proportion of students directly apply for graduate studies without taking exams, and the graduate study rate in our school is high.

3. Social activities: Most of the schools that watch stars do are definitely well-known. So there are differences in knowledge.

4. Employment: The first bachelor's degree is more important than the graduate degree, and the recruitment enterprise does not need 2 1 1985.

5. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions: 13. D 14 B 15。 C 16。 Word (1) spread to the outside, and those in power accused him of being arrogant and reckless, and demoted Pan to the prison.

(Score points: Che, Dang, Hu, each 1, 2 points per sentence); (2) The Prime Minister is in charge of the appointment, removal and promotion of a generation of talents. If he thinks he is virtuous, he should naturally be promoted and appointed. How can he express his personal goodwill first? (Scoring points: advance and retreat, glory and show, each 1, sentence 2) Analysis 13. Test analysis: This test examines the ability to understand classical Chinese sentences.

To answer this question, according to the overall perception and understanding of the meaning of the sentence, we can disconnect the whole first, then according to the subject-predicate or verb-object relationship and the actions of the characters, or according to the symbolic words in classical Chinese. For example, this problem can be solved according to the name of "Gao Zong Gu Guiliang" and the iconic word "Yue" in classical Chinese.

Original punctuation of item D: Want to retreat, Gu Ri: "It's a joint question." I also talked to my son.

After a long time, my son won't stop talking, and those who were dismissed by Gui Liang will come back. The emperor changed color, so both of them were guilty.

So choose D. The location of the test center can be broken sentences in classical Chinese.

The ability level is E-level. Before punctuating a sentence, you should read the article through several times, and have an overall perception of the full text. If you can break it, break it first, then gradually narrow the scope, then concentrate on analyzing difficult sentences and make corresponding adjustments according to the relationship with the context (context), and then pay attention to the common modal particles "zhe, ye, yi, hu, yi" at the end of the sentence and "gu" at the beginning of the sentence.

For example, the words "Yue", "Zhi" and "Gao Zong" in this topic. 14. Test analysis: This question examines the ability to understand the common sense of ancient culture and the ability to filter information.

To answer this question, you can find out the wrong option according to your usual accumulation. Item B "Borrowing as a courtesy title for the emperor and empress" is a misunderstanding, and does not include "empress".

So choose B. locate the test center and recite the common sense of literature.

In recent years, the memory ability of literary common sense is a common test point in the college entrance examination. Proposers often put this test center and the ability to filter information in the classical Chinese reading proposition to test and answer such questions. Candidates often have a misunderstanding in the direction, that is, candidates mistakenly think that they can find the answer from the text, but in fact, the content of the examination mainly depends on the accumulation of literary common sense and continuous review and consolidation by candidates. The expression of literary common sense in the options often secretly changes dynasties, management departments, figures and other contents. This makes the candidates very confused, so we must distinguish carefully when thinking.

For example, option b of this question is to examine the literary common sense of ancient titles such as emperors. 15. test analysis: this question examines the ability to summarize and analyze the relevant content of the original text.

On the basis of accurately grasping the meaning of the text, I return to the original text with options for comparative analysis and judgment. Item C, "dismissed by the emperor" is inconsistent with the original text, and Pan should have asked to leave himself.

So choose C. the location of the test center to summarize the main points of the content and summarize the central meaning.

Teacher C's common angles of setting mistakes in analysis and synthesis are: misinterpreting the meaning of words, exaggerating, generalizing, confusing right and wrong, confusing cause and effect, time sequence dislocation (time sequence inversion), making things out of nothing, and adding details. The wrong setting of one of the wrong items is hidden and confusing, and often some contents and words that are inconsistent with the original time, place, people and events are set on the premise of being generally correct.

When you do the questions, you should carefully scrutinize and compare them carefully. For example, option C is Zhang Guan Dai Li's fault.

16. Test question analysis: This question examines the comprehension ability of translated sentences. When translating, we should put the sentences to be translated back into the context to understand, and also pay attention to literal translation as much as possible, implement the meanings of key words in sentences, make up for omitted components, and translate special sentences according to modern Chinese habits.

Keywords: thoroughness, propriety, arrogance, advance and retreat, cleverness and demonstration. The test center locates, understands and translates the sentences in the text.

The ability level is to understand B. Error-prone early warning to translate classical Chinese, first of all, we must have a sense of context, grasp the meaning of the whole sentence in combination with context, then find out the key words in the sentence, identify the sentence pattern, and then translate, generally literal translation (some special words, such as official names, place names, year numbers, etc. , without translation), and pay attention to the execution of sentences.

When translating, we should also pay attention to the norms of modern Chinese, so as to make every word fluent. For example, keywords such as "thoroughness, propriety, arrogance, advance and retreat, cleverness and demonstration" should be translated accurately in this question.

Pan was born in Jinhua, Ningbo. With the status of a student, he began to be an official, served as Dr. Bi Yong, and was promoted to a doctor.

At that time, Cai Jing, the prime minister, was trying to win over famous scholars with official titles and Tilu. Pan is honest and unshakable. His relatives and friends have repeatedly expressed their willingness to associate with Cai Jing, but Pan has solemnly refused. In the first year of Jingkang, Qin Zong asked who could be the prime minister, and Pan strongly suggested: "He, Tang and other four people can't be appointed, and they will miss the country in the future.

If your majesty wants to help the prime minister in distress, he will not ask the opinions of the following officials extensively, so that people in humble positions know that this is not satisfactory. "Words spread to the outside, the authorities accused him of arrogance and recklessness, and demoted Pan Weijian Xinzhou Port Bank.

Emperor Gaozong inherited the throne and was called into the palace to make a left remonstration. After meeting the emperor, he demanded that the traitors be destroyed and executed at home, so that the enemy did not dare to despise the Song Dynasty.

He also asked Feng Xianliang's imperial clan to go to Shandong and Hebei, and the emperor toured Weiyang to cultivate military power in an attempt to restore the country. Huang Qianshan and Wang Boyan hated his words and became the Ministry of Industry.

Pan asked to leave because his suggestion was not implemented. Kao Gonglang was appointed and promoted to Zuo Si.

The Prime Minister calmly said to Pan: "(You) will bring in two provinces sooner or later." Pan seriously replied: "My parents are old and want to take a local position. Being an official in two provinces is beyond my power. "

Pan stepped down and said, "The Prime Minister is in charge of the appointment, removal and promotion of a generation of talents. If he thinks his moral character is noble, he should naturally be promoted and appointed. How can he express his personal goodwill first? " If the scholar-bureaucrat accepted his netting, why did he stand in the court? "

He became well-known in Yanzhou as an intelligent dragon Tugezhi. Two months after his arrival, he asked to become a priest.

It is used as a Chinese book. It happened that the assistant minister of the household entered the palace to visit the emperor, and his words were complicated. Pan once made friends with Xiang. On this day, Pan stood in the temple, went straight to the couch and said sharply, "Xiang.

6. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions: 20. C21.c22.a23.b24.d25. (1) Hu Yuan is in charge of imperial academy and can be called a great scholar. His students seldom follow him.

(2) Ouyang Fa's official position, regardless of size, is neither hasty nor brief. What he created cannot be changed by later generations. Analysis 20. Test analysis: this question examines the ability to understand the meaning and usage of notional words in classical Chinese.

When thinking, we can analyze and judge according to the specific context of the paragraph where the added words are located. Item c, application: explanation, indication. So choose C.

Know the meaning and usage of common notional words in classical Chinese. The ability level is understanding B.

When explaining the content words in classical Chinese, we should pay attention to those words that often appear in the texts we have learned, those words whose meanings are quite different from those in modern Chinese, and those words with more than one word. The notional words in classical Chinese should be explained by standardized modern Chinese words, and appropriate explanations should be given according to the actual meaning of the words in the sentence, so that the tone before and after the sentence is smooth and the meaning is clear and correct.

Specific analysis should be combined with specific context analysis. For example, the meaning of "expressing" in item C of this question can be judged by referring to the above "In the right and wrong of things, many people bow their heads when they meet powerful people" and the following "Don't want to act rashly with yes".

2 1. Question analysis: This question examines the ability to understand the meaning and usage of function words in classical Chinese. Item A, ① conjunctions and table juxtaposition; 2 conjunctions, table modification.

B. 1 pronoun, he; (2) Modal adverbs, indicating commands or prayers. C. pronouns, like this; D.① verb, think; Think of it as, take away ... as.

So choose the location of C. test center to understand the meaning and usage of function words commonly used in classical Chinese.

The ability level is to understand B. Classical Chinese has the following 18 function words: 2. Harmony, Hu, Nai, 2. If, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, and what.

Among them, "because, by, by, by, by, by, by, by, by, by, by, by, by" is especially favored by college entrance examination proposers, and it is the "old face" in college entrance examination papers over the years. When making function words in classical Chinese, we should focus on "meaning" and "usage". "Meaning" is in terms of expression, and "usage" is in terms of part of speech.

The most convenient and quick way is to substitute the meaning and usage of function words in textbooks into extracurricular sentences for comparative verification. For the function words in the material, we should consider them in combination with the context; Pay attention to the accumulation of 18 function words, especially the typical sentences in the textbook.

For example, in item C of this question, the word "zhi" is preceded by a person's name and followed by "person", so here are all pronouns "like this". 22. Test analysis: This question examines the ability of sentence breaking in classical Chinese.

According to sentence meaning, subject-predicate, verb-object and other sentence patterns, the whole sentence can be broken first, and then some iconic words in classical Chinese can be combined. For example, "monarch and minister" and "self".

Main idea of this sentence: only discuss the original theory of the ancients. Since written records, he has learned about the lineage of monarchs and ministers, institutional cultural relics, astronomy and geography, and so on. The location of the test center can be broken sentences in classical Chinese.

The ability level is E-level. Read the article through several times and punctuate the sentences, so as to have an overall perception of the full text. If it can be broken, break it first, then gradually narrow the scope, then concentrate on analyzing difficult sentences and make corresponding adjustments according to the relationship with the context. Find the function words in classical Chinese, such as "Qi, Er, Ruo, Fu, Qi, Gai, Ran, Shi" and modal particles, such as "Zhi, Ye, Yi, Yi, Yan, Zai, Hu", which are often used at the end of sentences. Conjunctions such as "I, Yu, Wei, Er, Ze" are often used in sentences. 2. Check the dialogue: such as "Yue" and "Yun"; 3. According to rhetoric: such as truth, parallelism, duality, symmetry, repetition, etc. 4. Discriminate sentence patterns: such as the fixed structure "… who, … also"; 5. Words that express the relationship of judgment, such as "Wei, Nai, namely, Ze".

6. Use the position of nouns and pronouns. Nouns are often used as subjects and objects.

Find nouns as subjects, such as names, titles, place names, etc. 7. Words indicating time, etc.

8. Some words that are often placed at the beginning of a sentence, such as "must, all". 9. Sentences are broken by finding objects.

23. Test analysis: This question examines the memory ability and information screening ability of literary common sense. To solve this problem, you can find out the wrong options according to your usual accumulation.

Item B "Confucius giving lectures in Xingtan is a imperial academy model" error. Confucius set up a private school, which is a private school, and imperial academy is a national university. So choose B.

Locate the test center and remember the common sense of literature. The ability level is a back, which is an early warning of error. Although this kind of question is to examine the ability of screening information, it is actually to examine the candidate's memory ability of literary common sense.

This kind of question type can easily make candidates think that they can find the answer from the text, but in fact, the content of the examination mainly depends on the accumulation of literary common sense and continuous review and consolidation by candidates. The expression of literary common sense in the options often secretly changes dynasties, management departments, figures and other contents. This makes the candidates very confused, so we must distinguish carefully when thinking.

For example, item B of this question confuses the nature of "private studies" and "Chinese studies" to confuse candidates. 24. test analysis: this question examines the ability to analyze and understand the content of the article.

According to the perception of the content of the article, we can carefully distinguish the subtle differences between the options and the original text. Item D "Su Shi asked Zhang Lei to write this epitaph" is wrong, and it is the inscription of Ouyang Xianqiu, the son of Ouyang Fa. So choose D.

The location of the test center summarizes the main points of the content and the central meaning. The ability level is analytical synthesis C.

The common angles of setting mistakes in skill guidance are: misinterpreting the meaning of words, exaggerating, generalizing, being arrogant, reversing right and wrong, confusing cause and effect, time sequence dislocation (time sequence inversion), making things out of nothing, and adding details. The wrong setting of one of the wrong items is hidden and confusing, and often some contents and words that are inconsistent with the original time, place, people and events are set on the premise of being generally correct.

When you do the questions, you should carefully scrutinize and compare them carefully. For example, this question, item D, is wrong.

25. Problem analysis: This question examines the ability to translate problems. When translating, we should put the sentences to be translated back into the context to understand, and also pay attention to literal translation as much as possible, implement the meanings of key words in sentences, make up for omitted components, and translate special sentences according to modern Chinese habits.

For example, use: use; Pick up: pick up; Binding: constraint; Acts: students; Follow: follow; Cure:.