Which is better, civil engineering or software engineering?

These two positions are both good and practical. As far as my personal understanding is concerned, civil engineering may be hard to hone at the grassroots level just after graduation, but software engineering will also be hard. If you don't go to the grassroots level, you will deal with computers, so you know. Let's talk about the difference in detail.

With the continuous warming of urban construction and highway construction, the employment situation of civil engineering specialty has been rising continuously in recent years. It is not difficult for most graduates to find jobs. However, the employment prospect of civil engineering specialty is closely related to the national policy and the direction of economic development. In recent years, the industry salary level shows a trend that management is higher than technology, and the shift from technology to management has become an inevitable bottleneck in the career of many civil engineering graduates. How to prepare for the "money" road in the university and find a suitable career development direction?

Wood-soil engineering can be divided into two different directions: road and bridge engineering and construction engineering. In the career, the positions in these two directions have both general unity and specific differences in details. Generally speaking, the main employment directions of civil engineering majors are as follows:

1, engineering technology direction

Representative posts: builder, constructor, structural engineer, technical manager, project manager, etc.

Representative industries: construction enterprises, real estate development enterprises, road and bridge construction enterprises, etc.

Employment prospects: Just as we see the high-rise buildings around us constantly rising, the wide and flat roads constantly extending in all directions, the demand for engineering and technical personnel in the civil construction industry is also growing. In 2004, enterprises that entered various talent markets to recruit engineering and technical personnel involved 100 industries, among which the demand for talents in housing and civil engineering and construction industries has jumped to the top of talent markets in many cities. With the deepening of economic development, road network transformation and urban infrastructure construction, the demand for civil engineering technicians will continue to rise at present and in the future. Coupled with the upgrading of roads and bridges and urban infrastructure, as long as the talent market is not over-saturated, it can be said that the employment prospects of civil engineering technicians have been very good.

Typical career paths: builder/technician-engineer/foreman, bid leader-technical manager-project manager/chief engineer.

Annual salary reference: builder/technician:1.5,000 ~ 25,000 yuan; Head waiter: 25,000 ~ 40,000 yuan; Technical quality management manager: 45,000 ~ 70,000 yuan; Project manager: 50,000 ~ 6,543.8+10,000 yuan;

Experts suggest that with the continuous improvement of China's qualification certification system, engineers and technicians in the civil engineering industry not only need to be proficient in professional knowledge and technology, but also need to obtain necessary qualification certificates. Relevant professional qualifications of engineering and technical personnel mainly include national first-class and second-class registered architects, national registered civil engineers and national first-class and second-class registered structural engineers. It should be noted that these professional qualifications require a certain number of years of relevant work experience to apply. Therefore, graduates majoring in civil engineering should pay attention to the update of knowledge structure even if they take up their jobs, and apply as soon as possible to obtain relevant professional qualifications. College students who want to engage in engineering and technical work can choose construction site survey, construction materials, geotechnical engineering, subgrade, pavement, and construction and survey of small bridges and culverts in road and bridge sections during their internship.

2, design, planning and budget direction

Representative positions: project designer, structural audit, urban planner, budget officer, budget engineer, etc.

Representative industries: engineering survey and design units, real estate development enterprises, functional departments of transportation or municipal engineering organs, engineering cost consulting institutions, etc.

Employment prospects: In recent years, the demand for engineering designers from various survey and design institutes has been increasing. As a new profession, urban planning needs more modern design and planning talents with the deepening of urban construction. With the rise of consulting industry, consulting service personnel in construction industry such as engineering budget and final accounts have also become new employment growth points in civil engineering industry.

Typical career path: budgeter-budget engineer-senior consultant.

Annual salary reference: budget officer:1.5,000 ~ 30,000 yuan; Budget engineer: 25,000 ~ 60,000 yuan; Urban planner: 40,000 ~ 70,000 yuan

Architect: 40,000 ~ 65,438+10,000 yuan; Chief architect: more than 250,000 yuan.

Expert advice: This kind of position requires not only professional knowledge, but also sufficient overall situation and work experience. Generally speaking, his salary is in direct proportion to his work experience. Taking architects as an example, modern architecture also requires environmental protection and sustainable development, which requires architects to have a solid foundation and rich experience, be good at learning and experience in practice. At present, most architectural design talents in the market require more than 5 years of work experience, have the first-class registered architect qualification, and have served as designers of large-scale residential or architectural projects. This kind of post also needs to obtain the corresponding qualification certificate. For example, a builder needs to pass the professional qualification examination organized by the state to obtain the Certificate of Certified Architect before he can take up his post, and a budget engineer needs to obtain the qualification of certified cost engineer or budget engineer. In addition, to engage in this kind of occupation, we need to strengthen our self-cultivation, for example, we need to be familiar with computer operation and maintenance, skillfully use CAD to draw various engineering drawings, and use P3 to prepare construction and production plans. Some positions, such as architectural designers, need to have a deep understanding of anthropology, aesthetics, history, and the essence of architecture in different times and countries, and be able to master and forge their own design styles. All these need to accumulate their own cultural details from the student days. During the internship, try to choose some related units and positions, such as real estate appraisal, engineering budget, engineering drawing, etc.

Analysis of Employment Prospects of Graduates Majoring in Software Engineering 2008- 12- 15 Relevant data show that the demand for software talents in China has reached 200,000 at present, and it is increasing at a rate of about 20% every year. In the next five years, the demand for qualified software talents will far exceed the supply. In 2005, the shortage of software talents in China reached 425,000, especially JAVA talents. According to IDC's statistics, the demand for JAVA engineers accounts for 60%~70% of the total demand for software development talents. At the same time, the salary of JAVA engineers is relatively high. Generally speaking, it is normal for engineers with 3 to 5 years of development experience to earn an annual salary of 654.38+ 10,000 yuan. 80% of students earn more than 50,000 yuan a year after graduation. At present, although the salary of JAVA talents is very high, IT is difficult for IT companies with strong demand for such talents to recruit qualified JAVA personnel. Among them, the most fundamental reason is that many computer graduates have not mastered practical skills and experience during their study, which is far from the actual employment needs of enterprises. Therefore, the most convenient way for computer majors to become JAVA engineers is to participate in JAVA vocational skills training with practical projects as the main teaching method, thus effectively shortening the gap with the specific employment needs of enterprises. There are 2.5 billion Java devices running in the world, more than 4.5 million Java developers are active in every corner of the earth, and tens of millions of Web users will experience the power of Java every time they surf the Internet. Today, Java runs on 708 million mobile phones, 65.438 billion smart cards and 700 million PCs, and provides a powerful platform for 28 compatible application servers. So many applications have completely changed the lives of users. More and more enterprises have improved their productivity by using Java. In China, more and more users have reduced their costs and enjoyed their lives because of Java. James, Vice President of Sun Company, Academician of Sun Research Institute and Chief Technology Officer of Software Department? Dr JamesGosling is known as "the father of Java technology". As an academician of Sun Research Institute, he personally designed the Java language and completed the original compiler and virtual machine of Java technology. Under his leadership, Java has become the standard programming mode of the Internet and the de facto standard for distributed enterprise applications, and its cross-platform technical advantages have brought epoch-making changes to network computing. Since 1 1 was officially launched in May 1995, Java has developed from a programming language to the largest general development platform in the world. Java technology has been adopted by major companies in the computer industry and accepted by more and more international technical standardization organizations. From 65438 to 0999, Sun launched three platforms with Java2 as the core. With the rapid development of the three platforms, a huge wave of Java applications has formed around the world. As the only language developed on the Internet, Java platform is sought after for its mobility, security and openness. According to IDC's forecast, in the next five years from 200 1, the value of IT products using Java will double, reaching 453 million dollars in 2006, with an annual growth rate of 14.9%. By May 2003, there were more than 3 million registered Java developers and 72 million downloads of JRE(Java runtime environment). James. Dr Gosling predicts that the number of Java technology developers will increase to 6,543,800+million in three to five years. Wireless Java is also rising rapidly. According to James, vice president of Sun Company? Gosling revealed that Sun has just formed a technical alliance with China Unicom and Rong Zhen Rongtong Company, and will further promote wireless applications and services of Java technology under the brand of "UniJa". TCL Group, a mobile phone manufacturer, has also been authorized by Java2 platform for mobile users in China to use TCL new mobile phones based on Java technology. At present, there are10.2 billion mobile phones using Java technology in the world, and more than 70 operators around the world have launched more than 200 different types of mobile phones based on Java technology. James. Dr. Gosling recently pointed out, "In a short period of ten years, the Java community has developed into a group with millions of people, who have made great contributions to Java, the coolest technology in the future, by virtue of their intelligence and concerted efforts. So, to what extent will Java develop in the next decade? Only those developers who have made Java today are qualified to answer this question. We believe that the development of Java will bring us to a more fascinating frontier. The prospect of Java is brilliant! " Java programmers are internationally certified programmers of SUN Company in the United States. She is one of the most valued and popular programmers in the world at present. With this certification, you can get excellent job opportunities and generous treatment. Java's cross-platform and many other features make it the fastest developing software product in the contemporary era: it is supported by about 65,438+050 authorized institutions, 200 universities and 500,000 developers; More than 1000 applications are written with it; There are more than 800 books about it; The Java development kit has been downloaded more than one million times; Java beans? The development package has been downloaded more than 6,543,800 times; It has been supported by the major computer manufacturers in the world, and all this happened within 800 days after its publication; Java has broken into the heart of enterprise computing, and is becoming the driving force of public opinion in mass media, changing the computing environment of enterprises. It changes the business itself by providing a safe and stable platform for Internet business. Java computing is a trustworthy enterprise solution for all walks of life. Platform-independent Java computing environment can reduce the total cost of enterprises, shorten the product launch cycle and expand the company network safely. When many countries seek partners in China, they all regard whether they can program Java as a prerequisite for cooperation. At present, there is a huge gap between the supply and demand of Java programmer certificates worldwide, forcing enterprises to hire Java programmers with high salaries. Therefore, the gold content of Java programmers is much higher than that of ordinary technicians. In developed countries and moderately developed countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, Singapore, etc. The annual salary of those who hold Java programmer certification is 4-65438+ 10,000 US dollars, while domestic programmers who hold Java programmer certification also have excellent job opportunities and high salaries. Java programmers are internationally certified programmers of SUN Company in the United States. She is one of the most valued and popular programmers in the world at present. With this certification, you can get excellent job opportunities and generous treatment. Java's cross-platform and many other features make it the fastest developing software product in the contemporary era: it is supported by about 65,438+050 authorized institutions, 200 universities and 500,000 developers; More than 1000 applications are written with it; There are more than 800 books about it; The Java development kit has been downloaded more than one million times; Java beans? The development package has been downloaded more than 6,543,800 times; It has been supported by the major computer manufacturers in the world, and all this happened within 800 days after its publication; Java has broken into the heart of enterprise computing, and is becoming the driving force of public opinion in mass media, changing the computing environment of enterprises. It changes the business itself by providing a safe and stable platform for Internet business. Java computing is a trustworthy enterprise solution for all walks of life. Platform-independent Java computing environment can reduce the total cost of enterprises, shorten the product launch cycle and expand the company network safely. When many countries seek partners in China, they all regard whether they can program Java as a prerequisite for cooperation. At present, there is a huge gap between the supply and demand of Java programmer certificates worldwide, forcing enterprises to hire Java programmers with high salaries. Therefore, the gold content of Java programmers is much higher than that of ordinary technicians. In developed countries and moderately developed countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, Singapore, etc. The annual salary of those who hold Java programmer certification is 4-65438+ 10,000 US dollars, while domestic programmers who hold Java programmer certification also have excellent job opportunities and high salaries.