The specific distribution of minerals in China

There are 54 kinds of metal minerals with proven reserves in China, namely: iron ore, manganese ore, chromium ore, titanium ore, vanadium ore, copper ore, lead ore, zinc ore, bauxite ore, magnesium ore, nickel ore, cobalt ore, tungsten ore, tin ore, bismuth ore, molybdenum ore, mercury ore, antimony ore, platinum group metals (platinum ore, palladium ore, iridium ore, rhodium ore, bismuth ore). The distribution of main metal minerals is briefly described as follows.

Iron ore: the proven iron ore area in China 1834. Large and super-large iron mines mainly include Anshan-Benxi iron mine in Liaoning, Jidong-Beijing iron mine, Handan-Xingtai iron mine in Hebei, Lingqiu-Pingxingguan iron mine in Shanxi, Wutai-Lanxian iron mine in Shanxi, Baotou-Baiyunebo rust rare earth mine in Inner Mongolia, Lutong iron mine in Shandong, Ningwu-Lu Yu longitudinal iron mine, Huoqiu iron mine in Anhui, Erdong iron mine in Hubei, Xinyu-Ji 'an iron mine in Jiangxi and Minnan iron mine in Fujian. Sichuan Panzhihua-Xichang Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite, Yunnan Central Yunnan Railway Mining Area, Yunnan Damenglong Iron Mine, Shaanxi Lueyang Yudongzi Iron Mine, Gansu Hongshan Iron Mine, Gansu Jingtieshan Iron Mine, Xinjiang Hami Tianhu Iron Mine and so on.

Manganese ore: there are 2 13 proven manganese ore areas in China, mainly including: Wafangzi manganese mine in Liaoning; Fujian Liancheng manganese mine; Hunan Xiangtan, Minle, Agate Mountain, Xiangtaoyuan and other manganese mines; Guangdong has manganese mines such as Dai Xiao and Xinchun. Manganese mines such as Bayi, Xia Lei and Lipu in Guangxi; Gao Yan manganese mine and Jiaodingshan manganese mine in Sichuan; Guizhou Zunyi manganese mine.

Chromite: There are 56 producing areas, mainly salto Sea in Xinjiang, Luobusa in Tibet, Hegenshan in Inner Mongolia and Jier in Gansu Avenue.

Copper mine: 9 10 proven mining areas, mainly: Duobaoshan, Heilongjiang Province; Jintagetu Mountain and Huogeqi in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; Hongtoushan, Liaoning; Tongling copper mine concentration area, Anhui province; Dexing, Chengmen Mountain, Wushan and Shuiping in Jiangxi Province; Hubei Daye-Yangxin copper concentration area; Shijiazhuang, Guangdong; Zhongtiaoshan area, Shanxi Province; Dongchuan, Yimen and Dahongshan in Yunnan Province; There are many marathons, chardonnay and pine trees in Yulong, Xizang Autonomous Region. Ashele and other copper mines in Xinjiang.

Bauxite: there are 3 10 producing areas, mainly including: Keke, Shigong, Wang Xiang, Xihedi, Taihu Stone, Guopianliang-Leijiasu and wide lawn in Shanxi; Caoyao, Maxinggou, Jiagou, Shi Si, Zhulingou, Jiagou and Zhijian in Henan; Zibo, Shandong; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Pingguo Nadou; Guizhou Zunyi (Tuanxi), Dai Lin, Xiaoshanba and other bauxite areas.

Lead-zinc mine: more than 700 producing areas, mainly: Xilin, Heilongjiang Province; Hongtoushan and Qingchengzi in Liaoning Province; Caijiayingzi, Hebei Province; Baiyinnuo, Dongsheng Temple, Jiashengpan and Tanyaokou in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; Xicheng (Changba), Gansu Province; Lead cave mountain in Shaanxi province; Xitieshan, Qinghai Province; Shuikou Mountain and Huangshaping Mountain in Hunan Province; Fankou, Guangdong; 5 departments in Zhejiang Province; Cold water pit in Jiangxi province; Qixia Mountain, Jiangsu Province; Large factories in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Lanping, Huize and Dulong in Yunnan Province; Lead-zinc mines such as Daliangzi and Xiacun in Sichuan Province.

Nickel ore: there are nearly 100 producing areas. Mainly Hongqiling and Red White Pine in Jilin Province; Jinchuan, Gansu; Kalatongke and Huangshan in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Lengshuijing and Yangping in Sichuan Province; Nickel mines such as Baimazhai and Mojiang in Yunnan.

Molybdenum ore: 222 producing areas, mainly Daheishan, Jilin; Yangjiazhangzi and Lanjiagou in Liaoning Province; Jinduicheng, Shaanxi Province; Molybdenum deposits such as Luanchuan, Henan.

Tungsten mine: 252 proven producing areas, mainly Xihuashan, Piaotang, Dajishan, Pangushan, Huameiao, Hukeng, Xiatongling and Fumeishan in Jiangxi; Xingluokeng, Fujian Province; Shizhuyuan, Xintianling and Yaogangxian in Hunan Province; Sawboard Pit and Lianhua Mountain in Guangdong Province; Daming Mountain and Coral in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Tagouer tungsten mine in Gansu province.

Tin mine: 293 proven producing areas, mainly Dachang, Coral and Shuiyanba in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Dongchuan, Yunnan; Hunan Xianghualing, Hongqiling and Yejiwei tin mines.

Mercury-antimony deposit: proven 103 mercury producing area and11antimony producing area. Mainly Wanshan, Wuchuan, Danzhai and Tongren in Guizhou; Hunan Xinhuang and other mercury mines, Hunan tin mines, Banxi; Large factories in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Yawan antimony deposit in Gansu Province. Mercury-antimony deposit in Xunyang, Shaanxi Province.

Gold mine: 1265 proved mining areas, mainly Wulaga, Daanhe, Laozuoshan and Huma in Heilongjiang Province; Jiapigou and Hunchun in Jilin Province; Liaoning Wulong; Zhangjiakou and Qianxi in Hebei Province; Linglong, Jiaojia, Xincheng, Sanjiadao and Yingezhuang in Shandong; Wenyu, Tonggou, Jinqu, Qinling and Shanggong in Henan Province; Guangdong Hetai; Xiangxi, Hunan; Yunnan Mojiang; Dongbeizhai, Sichuan Province; Qinghai Banma; Axi and Hami gold deposits in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

Silver mine: 569 proven producing areas, mainly Yindongzi in Shaanxi; Broken mountain in Henan province; Yindonggou and Baiguoyuan in Hubei; Arsenic Village, Sichuan Province; Guixi, Jiangxi; Jilin Shanmen; Pangxidong and other silver mines in Guangdong Province.

Rare earth and rare metal: mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Baiyun Obo, 80 1), Shandong Province (Weishan), Jiangxi Province (Gannan, Yichun), Guangdong Province (northern Guangdong), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Fuyun) and other places.

(1) Eastern Region

The eastern region is located in the lower reaches of major rivers in China. The terrain is dominated by plains, and plains and hills are alternately distributed. Flat terrain, developed water network, close to the ocean. The traffic conditions are very good, which belongs to the forefront of China's economic development and opening up. The level of industrialization and urbanization is high, and the advantages of science, technology and economy are obvious. The output of mining industry and raw material industry in this area occupies an important position in the country. Among them, raw coal production accounts for 23%, crude oil accounts for 42%, power generation accounts for 49%, steel accounts for 58%, caustic soda accounts for 64% and chemical fertilizer accounts for 42%.

The main disadvantage of economic development in the eastern region is the relative lack of resources. There is a serious shortage of mineral resources, especially energy. The proven energy reserves only account for 7.4% of China's total, and the potential value of 45 major minerals is only 15.5% of China's total in industrial reserve. Judging from the proven reserves of major mineral resources in China, except for oil and iron ore, other mineral resources in the eastern region are relatively poor. Coal accounts for only 6.6% of the national total reserves, natural gas accounts for 30%, copper accounts for 7.7%, bauxite accounts for 19.7%, and phosphate accounts for 1 1.7%. The geographical distribution of mineral resources in the eastern region is characterized by Shandong being rich in the north and poor in the south.

(2) Central region

The central region is rich in energy and various metallic and nonmetallic mineral resources. The potential reserves of 45 major minerals account for 44.8% of the country, and the reserves of more than 20 major mineral resources account for more than half of the country. Among them, coal reserves account for 58%, oil reserves account for nearly12, bauxite reserves account for 6 1%, copper reserves account for 47%, phosphate reserves account for 40% and rare earth reserves account for 98%. From the geographical distribution of mineral resources, coal and oil are mainly concentrated in the northern provinces, while non-ferrous metals and non-metallic minerals are mainly concentrated in the southern provinces. Coal is mainly concentrated in Shanxi and Inner Mongolia, accounting for 5 1% of the whole country. Oil is concentrated in Heilongjiang, accounting for 37% of the national reserves; Phosphate rock is mainly concentrated in Hubei, accounting for 21%of the total reserves in China; Bauxite is mainly concentrated in Henan, and 18% of copper ore in China is mainly concentrated in Jiangxi, and 22% of rare earth ore in Inner Mongolia is mainly concentrated in Baiyun Obo, accounting for 96% of the country's reserves.

The central region is the main base of China's basic industries (energy and raw material industries), and the raw coal and crude oil produced in this region account for more than half of the country. The coal industry plays an important role in China's national economy, and the coal base centered on Shanxi is the largest energy base in China. Due to its moderate geographical position, huge coal reserves, excellent coal quality, complete varieties and easy mining, it has become the largest coal supply base in China. Heilongjiang and eastern Inner Mongolia coalfields are important coal bases in Northeast China. Huaibei coalfield is an important coal base in eastern China. Daqing Oilfield and Zhongyuan Oilfield are both large oil bases in China. The output of copper and phosphate ore in the central region accounts for about 40% of the whole country. The important raw material industrial bases in Central China are Baotou, Wuhan, Maanshan, Taiyuan, Shanxi aluminum base, Jiangxi, Hunan and Anhui copper base, Shanxi, southern Inner Mongolia and western Henan coal chemical base, Hubei phosphorus chemical base and Jilin petrochemical base.

③ Western region

The prospect of mineral resources in the western region is considerable. Energy and mineral resources occupy an important position in China, and the prospective coal reserves in Xinjiang rank first in China. Tarim basin, Junggar basin, Turpan-Hami basin, Qaidam basin and Sichuan basin have good oil and gas exploration prospects. The western region is rich in nonferrous metal resources, and it is also the main storage area of non-metallic minerals such as mica, asbestos, gypsum, jade and magnesite in China. According to the proven reserves at present, the coal reserves in the western region account for 36% of the country, oil accounts for 12% of the country, natural gas accounts for 53% of the country, and iron ore accounts for 24% of the country. There are many rich metallic and nonmetallic minerals in the western region, such as chromite in Tibet, nickel, copper and zinc in Gansu, mercury in Guizhou, tin, phosphorus, copper, lead and zinc in Yunnan, potassium, aluminum and asbestos in Qinghai and molybdenum in Shaanxi. The reserves of chromite in the western region account for 73% of the whole country, including 465,438+0% of copper and lead, 44% of zinc, 88% of nickel, 86% of mercury, 99% of potassium, 49% of phosphate and 98% of asbestos. Among the main industrial products in the western region, some important minerals and non-ferrous metals occupy a prominent position in the country. Nickel production accounts for 99%, mercury production accounts for 84%, tin production accounts for 72%, and the output of phosphate rock, aluminum and natural gas is close to half of the country. However, the output of most products accounts for a small proportion in the whole country.