What is the manufacturing process of mobile phones?

First, the design process of mobile phones \ x0d \ x0d \ Briefly explain that a general mobile phone design company needs six basic departments: ID, MD, HW, SW, PM, Sourcing and QA. \x0d\\x0d\ 1, ID (industrial design) industrial design \x0d\\x0d\ includes the appearance, material, feel and color matching of mobile phones, the realization of main interfaces and the design of colors. \ x0d \ x0d \ For example, Motorola's "Ming" flip is translucent, Nokia's 76 10 has an arc appearance, Sony Ericsson's Sunshine Orange and so on. These special feelings and experiences for users belong to the category of mobile phone industry design. Whether a mobile phone can become a best-selling product, the industrial design of the mobile phone is particularly important! \x0d\2, MD (mechanical design) structural design \x0d\\x0d\ Selection of the position of the front shell, the back shell and the camera lens of the mobile phone, the fixing method, how to connect the battery and the thickness of the mobile phone. If it is a slide phone, how to make the phone slide upwards, how to automatically bounce up and how to insert and remove the SIM card are all areas of the structural design of the phone. Trivial parts require MD employees to be very familiar with materials and processes. \x0d\\x0d\ Motorola V3 set off a craze in the mobile phone market with the thickness of13.9mm. The selling point of V3 mobile phone is ultra-thin, because the material selection of its mobile phone case is very critical, so the case of V3 adopts advanced aviation-grade aluminum alloy. It can be said that the selection of special shell materials has made V3 successful. \x0d\\x0d\ In addition, some users complained that when using some ultra-thin slide phones, the front shell of the phone always shakes left and right when answering the phone, which is a problem in the structural design of the phone. Because the shell of the mobile phone is too thin, the vibration of the speaker during the call can easily make the body of the mobile phone vibrate. \x0d\3, HW(Hardware) hardware design \ x0d \ x0d \ Hardware mainly designs circuits and antennas, HW is to keep regular communication with MD \ x0d \ x0d \ For example, MD requires a thin circuit to work. At the same time, HW will also require MD to place the antenna in a large area and far enough away from the battery. HW will also ask ID not to place metal accessories near the antenna and so on. It is conceivable that the manufacturing cost of mobile phones with built-in antennas is 20-25% higher than that of mobile phones with external antennas. The main factor is the design of the antenna, the requirements for materials and the design and manufacturing cost of the circuit are relatively high on average. \ x0d \ x0d \ Usually the structural designer (MD) and the industrial designer (ID) will argue. MD says that ID is a painter, drawing things that no one knows, while ID will say that MD is stupid and doesn't follow their design, so the mobile phone is not easy to sell. Therefore, before designing a new mobile phone, all departments will review the design ideas of ID department. A good ID must be an achievable idea, and the customer experience must feel good. At that time, the ID of Motorola V70 was a good example to realize creativity, and the market reaction in the later period was also good. Although the idea of Siemens Xelibri is also very good and can be realized, it is a pity that the end users are not satisfied with it, so a really good idea should not only look good, be realized, but also be easy to use. \x0d\\x0d\ Besides, HW will also quarrel with ID. ID likes to decorate with metal, but metal will affect the antenna design and easily generate static electricity, so HW will be very angry, and ID/MD will develop new materials to meet the requirements of ID. Nokia 8800 is a good example. It has a metallic feeling without affecting the receiving ability of the antenna. \x0d\4. SW (Software) Software Design \ x0d \ x0d \ Relatively speaking, SW is easier for everyone to understand. Due to the popularity of computers, we are exposed to all kinds of software, the mode of mobile phone operation interface and the realization of nine official mobile phone operation menus that we often see. These are all areas of software design. \ x0d \ x0d \ SW The operability, humanization and aesthetics of the interface should be fully considered. Software testing is very complicated and has various names. SW testing is not only about finding bugs, but also consistency testing and compatibility testing are very important projects. In the current "content-oriented" information age, software is the ultimate behind-the-scenes pillar of mobile phones, and hardware drivers are realized through software. I believe that the conflict between software and hardware engineers will not be less than that of other departments. This relationship goes on and on, so PM (Project Management) is needed to coordinate it. \x0d\5, PM (project management) Project management \x0d\\x0d\ Large companies allocate PM very carefully, such as TPM (Gly for project management), which is a technical PM, while ordinary PM only manages the progress and coordination of the project. PM usually exists in companies that design, produce and sell their own mobile phones. I'm afraid the position of AM (account manager) is familiar to everyone. As an account manager, it plays an indispensable role as a bridge between representing customers internally and representing the overall image externally. \x0d\\x0d\6。 Procurement Resource Development Department \ x0d \ x0d \ The staff of the resource development department should constantly explore new resources, such as new materials, new mobile phone components, test equipment, etc. When the mobile phone starts trial production, they should ensure that all the production materials needed by the production line are available. \x0d\\x0d\ Small batch trial production of mobile phones not only examines the maturity of software/hardware, but also examines the production process and production testing technology. Some mobile phones can't pass this stage and end in failure. Therefore, this newly designed mobile phone will not appear in the market, and the investment in development funds and manpower is wasted, which is a great loss. \x0d\7. QA (Quality Assurance) Quality Supervision \ x0d \ x0d \ The QA department undertakes the whole process quality assurance work, urges whether the development process conforms to the predetermined process, and ensures the productivity of the project. Many newly designed mobile phones were abandoned because of some factors that could not be produced. \x0d\\x0d\ Producing mobile phones is not as simple as doing experiments in the laboratory. Once produced, there are thousands of mobile phones. It is not easy to ensure the quality of every product. Producing a sample of a mobile phone is completely different from producing 654.38+10,000 mobile phones. \ x0d \ x0d \ For example, restaurants in China are all samples, and McDonald's is a product, so McDonald's can do a lot, and so far, restaurants in China are not as big as McDonald's, so mobile phone design companies will establish many processes to prevent the designed mobile phones from being put into production. \x0d\\x0d\ Not only that, the successful listing of a mobile phone that can sell a full house requires close contact with mass mobile phone users, feedback from users and rapid improvement. \x0d\ Second, the little-known mobile phone test items \ x0d \ x0d \ 1 and stress test \ x0d \ x0d \ continuously dial 1000 calls to the mobile phone to check whether the mobile phone will break down with automatic test software. If something goes wrong, the relevant software needs to be rewritten. So sometimes there are different software versions on mobile phones. Actually, I'll tell you a secret. The more versions of mobile phones, it can be proved that mobile phones were sold without adequate testing before they went on sale. \x0d\\x0d\2。 Anti-fall test \ x0d \ x0d \ Anti-fall test is conducted by special Pprt reliability laboratory, and 0.5m micro-fall test needs to be done 300 times on each side (six sides of mobile phone). The 2m drop test needs to be done once on each side, and the mobile phone also simulates throwing it on the desktop. The battery for mobile phones must pass through a height of at least 4m, and it will not break until it falls to the ground 100 times. \x0d\\x0d\3。 High/low temperature test \ x0d \ x0d \ Let the mobile phone be in different temperature environments to test the adaptability of the mobile phone. Generally, the low temperature is MINUS 20 degrees Celsius and the high temperature is about 80 degrees Celsius. \x0d\\x0d\4。 High humidity test \ x0d \ x0d \ It takes about 30 hours to simulate human sweating (a certain proportion of salt permeates into water) with a special cabinet. \x0d\\x0d\5。 Dove test (also known as boundary tofu test) \x0d\\x0d\ Draw 100 squares on the phone shell with a pencil with H4 hardness to see if the paint will fall off the phone shell. Some mobile phones with strict requirements will be coated with some "brand-name" cosmetics to see if there is any difference. \x0d\\x0d\6, flip reliability test \x0d\\x0d\ Turn the flip phone over 654.38+ 10,000 times to check the loss of the phone case, which is conducted by a flip simulator, and the flip strength and angle can be set. \ x0d \ 7, and torque test \ Torque test mainly tests the strength of the mobile phone shell and large devices inside the mobile phone. \x0d\\x0d\8。 Electrostatic test \ x0d \ x0d \ The weather in the north is relatively dry, and things that come into contact with metal are prone to generate static electricity, which will lead to the breakdown of the circuit of the mobile phone. Some poorly designed mobile phones are suddenly damaged in this way. The tool for this test is a copper plate called an electrostatic gun. The electrostatic gun will be set to a high voltage and low current of 10- 15KV, and all metal contacts of the mobile phone will be discharged for about 300ms-2s, which will be carried out in a room with humidity control, and so will the related chargers (Huoniu). \x0d\\x0d\9. Key life test \x0d\\x0d\ Hit the keyboard 654.38+ million times with the force set by the machine. If the user presses the key 654.38+000 times, it is 654.38+0000 days, which is equivalent to the user using the mobile phone for about three years. \x0d\\x0d\ 10, dust test \x0d\\x0d\ Put the mobile phone in a specific box, and the tiny sand will be blown up by the hair dryer. After about three hours, turn on the phone and see if there is sand in it. If so, it shows that the airtight design of the mobile phone is not good enough, and its structural design needs to be readjusted. \x0d\\x0d\ In addition, the detection of mobile phones also includes more and more bizarre detection items, such as putting mobile phones on iron plates and calling for detection. At this time, because the magnetic field has changed, everything will happen, such as the SIM card can't be found. \x0d\\x0d\ Dial the line in the connector at the bottom of the mobile phone, mainly considering whether the mobile phone will be short-circuited if there is a key in the handbag. \x0d\\x0d\ There are also tests to see whether the design of mobile phone protection circuit can work normally by deliberately connecting the charger/battery in reverse, tests to make phone calls near fluorescent lamps, tests to test the proportion of electromagnetic waves absorbed by human body, tests to make phone calls near cardiac pacemakers, and so on. All the tests mentioned above are essential.