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The Origin of Water and Soil in Fu Huan Guang
During working in Tianshui soil and water conservation experimental zone, Fu Huanguang has initially controlled soil erosion by planting soil and water conservation forests, building some erosion ditches and terraces on sloping fields, silting willow trees in river valleys and beaches, ridging fields and planting grass.
During his stay in Tianshui, Fu Huanguang successively absorbed Ye Pei Zhong, Jiang Deqi, Huang Xizhou, Ao, Zhang Dechang, Xu Xuexun, Wei, Wu, Dong Xinmin, Lu Benshun, Yan, Xue Zhizhong and several assistant technicians to form a technical team. Ren Chengtong, Niu Chunshan, Yuan Yisheng and Yuan Yitian were also hired to guide and assist the work. This is the early scientific research team of soil and water conservation in China.
During the period of 1943, Fu Huanguang and others accompanied Luo Demin, consultant of the Executive Yuan of the National Government and deputy director of the General Administration of Soil and Water Conservation of the United States, to inspect soil and water conservation in northwest China and held a seminar on soil and water conservation in Tianshui. The contents discussed include the basic theory of soil and water conservation, the situation of soil and water loss in northwest China, land types and land use, and the experimental design of soil and water conservation in Lvergou and Wayaogou in Tianshui.
From 65438 to 0945, Fu Huanguang wrote the article "Soil and Water Conservation and the Cause of Soil and Water Conservation" and put forward his own views on the academic theory of soil and water conservation. He believes that in ancient times, the earth was covered with vegetation, and soil erosion and wind erosion were minimal. This is called geological soil erosion or natural soil erosion. When human activities surge, logging, reclamation, exposed surface, erosion, wind erosion, fertile soil into barren land, "called soil erosion or accelerated soil erosion." He divided the work scope of soil and water conservation into six aspects, including land classification and utilization, soil and water conservation and water storage, water conservation, desert stability, wasteland restoration and sustainable production, including farmland water conservancy, forest animal husbandry and the whole rural construction. He also put forward more comprehensive implementation opinions on technical measures of soil and water conservation. Fu Huanguang's profound understanding and farsighted views on soil and water conservation still have certain guiding significance and reference value today.
During the period of 1946, Fu Huanguang founded the first soil and water conservation training course in China during his tenure as deputy director of the Central Forestry Laboratory, director of the Office of Soil and Water Conservation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, and director of the Soil and Water Conservation Department of the Laboratory. Train junior college technicians in forestry, water conservancy and agronomy, teach soil and water conservation techniques, advocate afforestation in mountainous areas, planting grass on sloping fields and farming on flat land, and reduce and eliminate soil erosion. In the second year, the soil erosion experiment was carried out on the slope of Gangzi Village in Nanjing. And sent personnel to Huainan and Henan to engage in soil investigation and carry out soil and water conservation work. For the edge of the desert, he advocated the construction of sand-proof forest belt and the selection of drought-tolerant plants to fix sand dunes to prevent desert invasion. At the same time, afforestation was carried out on barren hills and hills destroyed during the eight-year occupation.
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