Yiqingqing recruitment

-The distance between Zijin Mining and the government

Enterprises should operate according to the market mechanism-governing by doing nothing, standardizing government behavior-from absolute holding to relative holding, and the best way to solve the separation of government and enterprise-governing by doing nothing is practical and promising, and both enterprises and the government can win.

In the Zijin showroom on the first floor of Zijin Building, No.277 North Ring Road, Shanghang County, Fujian Province, people can see the magnificent Zijin Mountain model, the beautiful long-term planning of Zijin Mining, and the honorary certificates and patent certificates obtained by Zijin Mining through its own efforts. But at the same time, it is impressive that there are photos of leaders of relevant departments of the state, Fujian Province, Longyan City and Shanghang County inspecting Zijin Mining, photos of them taking photos with Zijin * * *, and their inscriptions for Zijin Mining.

Undoubtedly, these photos and inscriptions reflect the concern and support of leaders at all levels for the development of Zijin Mining, and fully affirm the achievements of Zijin. However, Zijin people hang these photos and inscriptions in their exhibition halls, but they can't help thinking about another serious question-how do they handle the relationship between enterprises and the government in the development of Zijin?

Due to historical reasons, the relationship between China enterprises, especially state-owned enterprises and the government has always been an important factor restricting the normal development of enterprises. In many places, the phenomenon that the government eats big enterprises occurs from time to time; In other places, the government regards enterprises as their wallets, cash cows and coffers. As a result, enterprises are like a flash in the pan, and it is difficult to make a profit.

As a special industry, what is the relationship between gold mining enterprises and the government?

Gold is a special kind of mineral for protective mining in China, and the state practices planned mining. Without the approval of the state gold administration department, no unit or individual may mine. Under the planned economy system, the state guarantees the supply of major unified materials needed for gold production, and imported materials are exempted from import duties. These regulations make the gold industry a relatively independent and closed production system.

From the perspective of product management and sales, as mentioned above, gold products are not market-oriented competitive products at this stage. Products are managed, purchased and distributed by the state. Although China's gold price has basically been in line with the international gold price since 1993, its mechanism is still non-market-oriented, and the way of price setting and floating contains a strong administrative nature.

The planning and monopoly of the gold industry in China determine the particularity of the management mode of the gold industry. The state has always set up a special management organization to directly supervise and manage the operation of the gold industry. However, the state's adjustment of the gold management organization has never reached a stable state: from 1949, the head of the heavy industry department of the Central People's Government, 1956, the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry took over, and 1965, the gold professional company of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry was established. 1976 the gold administration of the Ministry of metallurgical industry was established; 1979, China gold company was established; 1988, the state gold administration was established; 1993, changed to Gold Administration Bureau of Ministry of Metallurgical Industry; 1998, changed to gold administration bureau of economic and trade commission.

From a macro point of view, there are many problems in China's gold enterprises, such as multi-head management, departmental management, and serious loss of state-owned assets. In China, gold resources are managed by the Ministry of Land and Resources, gold production is managed by the Gold Administration Bureau of the State Economic and Trade Commission, and product circulation is managed by the Money, Gold and Silver Bureau of the People's Bank of China, which leads to the disconnection between gold resources management, production management and product management. This multi-head management makes it difficult to fully implement the unified management function of gold production stipulated by the state in practice, and the increasingly complex social environment of the gold industry has greatly increased the difficulty of gold industry management. In addition, the gold industry is still managed by administrative means rather than economic and legal means, which makes the marketization process of the gold industry far behind other industries.

When Chen Jinghe, the geological captain, made up his mind to develop Purple Mountain, he may not have time to think carefully about the main problems faced by the management of gold industry in China. However, when Chen Jinghe took charge of Zijin Shuaiyin, he gave the government and enterprises a clear relationship with his own practical actions, although he might not have fully realized it at that time.

1993, Chen Jinghe was transferred to work in Shanghang, and the then secretary of Shanghang County Committee was afraid of wronged him and said to him, "You are the talent we introduced. You will be the deputy director of the Economic Commission, in charge of mining! " However, Chen Jinghe replied almost without thinking: "I came for the development of Purple Mountain, and it is useless to manage it. I will participate directly. " As a result, he took office and became the manager of Shanghang Mining Company. At that time, the company was small and the benefits were poor.

At that time, in Chen Jinghe's mind, there may be a subconscious mind-the government is a manager and a service provider; Enterprises are actual participants, so they should perform their duties and keep a certain distance.

Five years later, at 1998, Chen Jinghe was interviewed by a reporter. When talking about the relationship between the government and enterprises, Chen Jinghe gave a clear answer: "The development of enterprises can not be separated from the support of the government, and the rapid development of Zijin Group can not be separated from the support of Shanghang county party committee and county government. Shanghang county is a poverty-stricken county with financial difficulties, but the county adopts the policy of releasing water and raising fish for the company and never interferes with the company's operation. We have given strong support to the imported talents in terms of settlement, family employment and children's schooling, creating a good environment for the development of Zijin Group. "

From all the senior managers of Zijin, people can feel their full affirmation and gratitude to the main leaders of Shanghang County People's Government and government departments at all levels for their role in enterprise development.

Indeed, Zijinshan Gold Mine, located in poor mountainous counties, has made great progress under the conditions of market economy, and a good external environment has played an important role.

Without separation of government from enterprise, enterprises will have no way out. In the process of establishing a socialist market economy, we must abandon the old model of managing enterprises under the planned economy system and really implement "separation of government from enterprise". So far, Shanghang County Party Committee, county government and Zijin Mining leaders have reached a consensus. "Gutian Conference will shine forever". The Shanghang County Party Committee and the county government are not blocked by the surrounding mountains, but insist on "development is the last word", seek truth from facts, keep pace with the times, earnestly perform the government functions of "planning, coordination, supervision and service", and strive to create a relaxed development environment for Zijin Mining.

In view of the "distance relationship" between government and enterprises proposed by Zijin Mining, the leaders of Shanghang County made it clear that the government should create a relaxed environment for the development of enterprises, actively provide services and stay out of the internal affairs of enterprises.

The government's recognition of the distance relationship between Zijin and the government has given Zijin Mining Group great autonomy. Except the chairman and general manager of the company are managed by Shanghang County, other financial and financial powers are basically delegated to enterprises, which enables enterprises to do big things freely and greatly stimulates the enthusiasm of enterprise development. In order to ensure the development of Zijinshan Gold Mine into the world-class largest gold mine in China and solve the power supply problem for enterprises, Zijin Mining invested more than 30 million yuan to build Bashang Hydropower Station with an installed capacity of 4,800 kilowatts in Shanghang County. This project was implemented by experts from Zijin Mining Organization after scientific demonstration, and Shanghang County People's Government did not intervene.

Shanghang county leaders are also enthusiastic about creating conditions and providing services for the development of Zijinshan gold mine. In order to ensure the development of Zijinshan Gold Mine, Shanghang County local government and relevant departments have given great support to the mine in land acquisition, forest use, capital, environmental protection and creating a stable surrounding environment. Zijinshan Gold Mine is a new mine developed in recent years, lacking in talents, and in urgent need of senior professional and technical personnel of various professions. To this end, Zijin Mining opened its doors, implemented market-oriented employment, and recruited talents for the whole country. Under the great pressure of employment in the county, Shanghang county leaders gave policy support to Zijinshan gold mine from the actual needs of its development. 1992, 1993 Zijin mining talent strategy has achieved remarkable results, which cannot be separated from the strong support of Shanghang county party Committee and county government. A senior engineer who resigned from the northwest and came to Zijinshan Gold Mine with his family, the county gave him the green light to settle in Shanghang. With the strong support of leaders and departments at all levels in Shanghang County, Zijin Mining Group Co., Ltd. has introduced more than ten mining, dressing and metallurgy experts and a group of professional and technical talents from all over the country, and the joining of these talents has played an important role in the sustained and healthy development of Zijin Mining.

The leaders of Fujian Metallurgical Department, Fujian Gold Company and Longyan City have also devoted a lot of efforts to the development of Zijinshan Gold Mine. 1In May, 1997, Fujian Gold Company hosted a provincial gold work conference in Shanghang County. The meeting organized representatives to inspect the site of Zijinshan Gold Mine, and set Zijin as a metallurgical model of the whole province, which greatly improved the popularity of Zijin Mining. Leaders from Fujian Metallurgical Department, Fujian Gold Company and Longyan City also visited Zijinshan Gold Mine for inspection and guidance many times to help solve various problems. Daming Chen Lai Zijinshan Gold Mine, director of Fujian Metallurgical Department, pointed out that the new situation of the current socialist market economy cannot be viewed from the perspective of mountain people. In the process of enterprise production development, we should have pioneering confidence and courage. Only in this way can enterprises truly embark on the road of healthy development. Zhao Juerong, secretary of Longyan Municipal Party Committee, and his party visited Zijinshan Gold Mine for inspection and guidance. They pointed out that the construction of Zijinshan Gold Mine and the development of Zijin Mining Group have blazed a unique path for the reform of state-owned enterprises in the old areas of western Fujian, and asked the relevant departments to give Zijin Mining Group strong support in terms of policies, funds and spiritual civilization construction, so as to create a good environment for speeding up the development of Zijinshan Gold Mine and promote the faster development of enterprises. At present, Zijin Mining accounts for 80% of the gold production in Fujian Province.

In 2000, Fujian Zijin Mining Co., Ltd. proposed to rebuild ten Zijin in ten years. However, the reconstruction of Ten Zijin is by no means effective by rolling development alone. To rebuild ten Zijin in ten years, we must establish the idea of great development and fundamentally solve the problem of enterprise system and mechanism.

As early as 1997, Zijin people were thinking about how to make enterprises bigger and stronger, how to solve the problem of separating government from enterprises, and how to solve the idea that "enterprises are all grandpa's" in managers' minds. When they were engaged in the third phase of technological transformation, they clearly proposed to build a world-class mining company and determined the "three-step" reform and development strategy (that is, the "three-step" strategy in the history of Zijin's development, or the "three-step" strategy of Zijin's reorganization).

The first step is to absorb employee stock ownership and transform a wholly state-owned enterprise into a limited liability enterprise with employee stock ownership, and the state-owned shares will be reduced to 87%.

This step is completed at the end of 1998. Since then, the fate of workers and enterprises has been closely linked.

The main reason for this step of enterprise restructuring is that employee stock ownership will well supervise the words and deeds of the leading group. Chen Jinghe said: "If I throw away the money of the enterprise, the employees will not agree and will settle accounts with me." Although employee stock ownership is small, it is of great significance.

The second step is to absorb private elements and set up a joint stock limited company. Zijin Mining introduced Xinhuadu, the largest private department store group in Fujian. Private enterprises such as Xinhuadu Department Store Group contributed 48 million yuan in cash, accounting for 33% of the shares, becoming the second largest shareholder of Zijin.

With the implementation of the second-step strategy of restructuring, the state-owned shares of Zijin Mining decreased to 48%, from absolute holding to relative holding; The other two companies accounted for 19%.

After the reduction of state-owned shares, Zijin Mining also openly recruited the general manager. On July 26th, 2000, Luo Yingnan (director level), a government official and manager of Longyan Metallurgical Company, applied to Zijin and became a senior "migrant worker". The second reorganization of Zijin fundamentally solved the system problems that hindered the development of enterprises.

Introducing private enterprises as strategic investors of Zijin, Zijin leaders think it is very important to find hierarchical partners. Take the shareholder Xinhuadu as an example. Although their main business is department stores, they are familiar with Zijin and both sides are familiar with it. Huadu Engineering Company, which contracted the Zijinshan mining project, is a subsidiary of Xinhuadu Group. This company has 1 more than 100 million pieces of equipment put into mining, and most of the large-scale mining equipment in Zijinshan is theirs.

After the participation of private capital, the shareholders' shares of several private enterprises merged, surpassing the state-owned controlling shareholders. However, they did not send a person to the management team, but only sent a vice chairman, a supervisor and a director, and did not participate in the management team, thus truly separating the ownership and management rights.

The success of the second reorganization of Zijin can be said to be the best result of the relationship between Zijin and the government, and it is a typical example. Since this reorganization, the characteristics of Zijin mechanism have begun to take shape, and the advantages of Zijin mechanism have fully emerged.

So what are the characteristics of Zijin?

Chen Jinghe believes that Zijin is characterized by the fact that it is neither a complete state-owned enterprise nor has the defects of state-owned enterprises, and it is more dynamic than state-owned enterprises; Nor is it a completely private enterprise.

Zijin people believe that the success of this reorganization is inseparable from the support of local governments. Zijin is a high-growth enterprise and the pillar of county finance. It is really commendable that the government can let private capital in and retire on its own.

The third step is to prepare for listing and accumulate funds for enterprise expansion. After the second step of Zijin's reorganization was successful, they made clear the target of listing. After careful analysis of domestic gold enterprises, careful study of modern enterprise system, and combined with its own economic strength, Zijin Mining, which has always been unconventional, is "whimsical" this time-it wants to be listed in Hong Kong and become a high-tech market with heavy power! Zijin has a series of technological achievements that have reached the domestic advanced level, and some projects have even reached the international advanced level; Zijin Mining was listed as "Key High-tech Enterprise of National Torch Program" by the Ministry of Science and Technology. All this is to prepare for the listing of Zijin.

One year after the establishment of Fujian Zijin Mining Co., Ltd., the leaders of Zijin and Shanghang County fully affirmed the great promotion of the reduction of state-owned shares to Zijin's development, and believed that the retreat of state-owned shares from absolute holding to relative holding was the fundamental way to separate government from enterprises and the most important guarantee for enterprises to truly operate in accordance with the modern enterprise system.

Li Da, deputy general manager, chief economist and doctor of economics of Zijin Mining, commented that wholly state-owned enterprises are an appendage of the government. Enterprises have no future without separating government from enterprise. After the restructuring, enterprises keep a certain distance from the government, and then there is the financing problem. The current capital structure of Fujian Zijin Mining Co., Ltd. is a balanced mechanism, and mutual restriction is conducive to the reliability of investment decision. It is this mutual restriction between Zijin's major shareholders that has laid a solid foundation for the enterprise to improve its corporate governance structure and long-term rapid growth.

The government relationship of Zijin Mining has enabled the enterprise to obtain a healthy external environment, and the vigorous development of the enterprise has also attracted more attention from the top. 2/kloc-0 Since the beginning of the 20th century, the Fujian provincial government and the State Gold Bureau have conducted detailed and in-depth research on Zijin Mining, which has solved some practical problems faced by enterprises and provided beneficial guidance for their development.

We found an interesting phenomenon when we collected the data of Zijin Mining. Perhaps in order to brainstorm, promote the development of enterprises, show the scientific research level of enterprises, and promote the scientific and technological progress of enterprises, Zijin Mining should regularly compile essays on enterprise development. 1997, in order to commemorate the third anniversary of the establishment of Fujian Minxi Zijin Mining Group Co., Ltd., Zijin held a seminar on the reform and development of Zijin Mining, and collected papers after the meeting. In this episode, we found that almost all the authors of major articles are leaders of major functional departments in Shanghang County or leaders of subordinate enterprises. But after that, there were almost no government officials among the authors of Zijin essays.

People may find something in it.

Strictly speaking, Zijin Mining is not a state-owned enterprise. The government does not give capital, but only gives brand support to Zijin Mining to develop Zijinshan Gold Mine. As the person in charge of Zijin, with the support of the government, the leadership of Zijin headed by Chen Jinghe regards the enterprise as its own, integrates with the enterprise and operates according to the laws of market economy. Although it is an enterprise in a special industry, Zijin rarely reports its work to the government, which may be the concrete operation process of the relationship between Zijin and the government. The first phase, second phase, third phase and fourth phase of technological transformation in Zijinshan Gold Mine, with a total investment of several hundred million, are all decided by enterprises themselves and raised funds by themselves.

With the support of enlightened local governments, Zijin has also made rich reports to the society with brilliant achievements. In 2000 alone, Zijin Mining contributed more than 50 million yuan to local finance. In 2003, it exceeded 654.38+0.5 billion yuan. 1993 to 2003, Zijinshan Gold Mine produced a total of 33,586 kilograms of gold, achieving sales income of 2.87 billion yuan, total profit of 920 million yuan, and paying various taxes and state-owned shares of 460 million yuan.

When it comes to the relationship with the government, Chen Jinghe and Luo Ying and Du Nan believe that to become a listed company, enterprises must be standardized, keep a certain distance from the government and not rely on it. This is not only the objective demand of Zijin Mining's listing, but also the summary of the long-term experience of Zijin's relationship with the government.

Shanghang county government has also adopted the policy of "governing by doing nothing" to Zijin mining, decentralizing enterprises and separating government from enterprises. The government does not interfere in the production and operation of enterprises, but only manages the chairman and general manager for the personnel management of enterprises, which makes Zijin Mining as an enterprise's personnel right and distribution right basically in place; For the financial power of enterprises, Shanghang county government also gave Zijin Mining, and the government only paid taxes. Although Zijin people joked that the government hoped that the more Zijin turned over, the better, but the "inaction" was actually "promising", and the "inaction" of Shanghang county government undoubtedly created a good external environment for the development of Zijin mining industry, and finally achieved a "win-win" between the government and enterprises.

This case is more illustrative. Let's look at a typical case of the relationship between Zijin Mining and the government.

From June 5438 to1October 65438 to February 22, 2002, Shanghang County People's Government organized Lai Jiqiu, deputy secretary of Shanghang County Committee and county magistrate, Xu Lin, county procuratorate, county government office, county finance bureau, urban and rural construction administration, land and resources bureau, Shanghang County Branch of China Industrial and Commercial Bank, Shanghang County Branch of China Bank, Zijin Mining Co., Ltd., Huahui Company,/.

After more than ten days' investigation, the investigation team visited Ashele Copper Co., Ltd. in Xinjiang, Habahe County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Shuiyindong Gold Mine in Guizhou Zijin Mining Co., Ltd. During the investigation, the investigation team expressed condolences to the employees of Zijin Mining Co., Ltd. who stuck to the front line in the construction of Ashele Copper Mine in Habahe County, Xinjiang and Shuiyindong Gold Mine in Zhenfeng, Guizhou. It also brought greetings and care from the local government and people to Zijin Youzi who fought in a foreign land, and became a friendly county with Habahe County in Xinjiang where Ashele Copper Mine is located.

Habahe County, located at the southern foot of Altai Mountain in Xinjiang, borders Kazakhstan and Russia. Ahetubek Port in this county is located at the western border of China, adjacent to Kazakhstan, and is a national first-class port. The formal signing of the friendship agreement between Shanghang County and Habahe County is undoubtedly of great significance to enhancing the friendship between the two counties, strengthening the cooperation between the East and the West, and promoting the construction and development of Ashele Copper Mine. Shanghang County People's Government once again created a good environment for Zijin Mining's western development strategy with practical actions.

This visit has also greatly promoted the relevant departments of Shanghang County People's Government. Through investigation, the general feeling of the members of the delegation is that they have broadened their horizons, increased their knowledge, learned about the construction content, investment plan, progress speed and social benefits of Zijin Mining's foreign investment projects on the spot, got a deeper understanding of Zijin Mining's hard-working spirit and investment location, got a comprehensive perceptual understanding and mastered first-hand information.

Through investigation, the government has a deeper understanding of the strategic significance of Zijin Mining's foreign investment. They believe that Zijin Mining, as a resource-based enterprise, implements the sustainable development strategy of resource possession and enterprise development through science and technology. According to the law of market economy, it is an inevitable trend to expand overseas and seize the superior resources of the country. Zijin Mining's investment in Ashele copper mine project in Xinjiang and Shuiyindong gold mine project in Guizhou is of great practical significance for further expanding the scale of Zijin Mining, improving economic benefits, strengthening the company's strength, extending the industrial chain, realizing the sustainable development of Zijin Mining and even the development of the national gold industry.

Through the investigation, the government has a deeper understanding of the enterprise. Shanghang County People's Government spoke highly of the Zijin spirit embodied by the employees sent by Zijin Mining. The investigation report pointed out that these dispatched employees left their hometown in Wan Li and were stationed in a foreign land with difficult conditions. While doing a good job in project construction and accomplishing the important tasks entrusted by the company and Shanghang people, they have to overcome all kinds of inconveniences and difficulties caused by living habits, language barriers and differences in local working methods, and stick to the most difficult production and construction line for a long time. Because of their dedication, hard work and excellent work, they have made great contributions to the smooth progress of the company's project construction, which fully embodies the Zijin spirit and style of hard work, pioneering and dedication, hard struggle and courage to fight hard, and shows the good spiritual outlook of Shanghang people in the west.

The relationship between enterprises and the government is closer, and the sense of identity between the two sides is strengthened.

First of all, regarding Zijin Mining's foreign investment, Shanghang County People's Government believes that with the economic development of Shanghang County and the strengthening of some enterprises, it is an inevitable trend for enterprises to become bigger and stronger under the conditions of market economy. However, any enterprise, including Zijin Mining, should adopt a positive and prudent attitude in dealing with foreign investment. Before making an investment decision, we should fully consider the policy environment, public security environment, people's environment, market environment and natural resources where the project is located. Only on the basis of full investigation and research can we make a scientific decision. Only foreign investment based on scientific decision-making can truly achieve the purpose of expanding the scale of enterprises, improving economic benefits and realizing the sustainable development of enterprises.

Secondly, the principle of enterprise investment. Shanghang County People's Government believes that any enterprise's foreign investment should adhere to the goal of maximizing profits, and the decision of foreign investment should ensure that the enterprise can really develop and grow, otherwise it is better not to do it. On this basis, Shanghang County People's Government suggested that Zijin Mining should adhere to the following seven principles in its foreign investment: First, foreign investment projects should be close to the company's main business and industry; Second, investment projects should have resource advantages; Third, investment projects should pursue economies of scale; Fourth, the investment environment (policy, natural environment, folk customs, etc.). ) The location of the project is good; Fifth, the return rate of investment projects is higher than that of local projects, and the general return rate should be above 30%; Sixth, investment project partners should be good, the system should be smooth and the mechanism should be alive; Seventh, foreign investment should give consideration to internal capital operation and talent training.

Thirdly, Shanghang County People's Government has given many constructive and operable suggestions on Zijin Mining's foreign investment from a macro perspective, such as strengthening the publicity of foreign investment, selecting publicity targets, adopting publicity methods, determining publicity content and choosing public relations strategies. In addition, the government has also given some quite specific suggestions on some issues related to the safety and overall situation of enterprise development, such as equity issues and the improvement of relevant legal procedures.

In Zijin, you can often feel the pride of Zijin people's contribution to Shanghang county, and you can also feel the concern and support of Shanghang county government for Zijin.

This may be the result of the distance relationship between Zijin and the government.