Who can provide me with a history of Internet development in China?

The first stage: network exploration period (1987 ~ 1994)

The Internet in China was not created by eight big cars, but came from a narrow path.

During the period of 1988, the Institute of High Energy Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences adopted the X.25 protocol, which made it an extension of DECnet, the center of Western Europe, and realized the international long-distance networking of computers and e-mail communication with Europe and North America.

1989165438+10, Zhongguancun Education and Scientific Research Demonstration Network (NCFC for short) was officially launched, hosted by China Academy of Sciences and jointly implemented by Peking University and Tsinghua University.

199265438+At the end of February, Tsinghua University Campus Network (TUNET) was built and put into use, which is the first campus network in China adopting TCP/IP architecture.

1On March 2nd, 993, the 64K dedicated line connecting Institute of High Energy Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) was officially opened. This dedicated line is also the first dedicated line connecting to the Internet in China.

In June, 1993, experts from NCFC reiterated China's request for Internet access at the INET'93 meeting and CCIRN meeting.

The second stage: ready to go (1993-1996)

The four Internet backbones have been built one after another, which has started the process of laying information expressway in China.

Science and technology network first:

NCFC/KOOC-0 was established in October/October/KOOC-0/990/KOOC-0/65438, and NCFC backbone network/KOOC-0/0/993/KOOC-0/65438 was opened and put into operation in October.

1in April, 1994, the NCFC network was successfully interconnected with the American Internet, which was the earliest Internet in China.

1In April, 1995, China Academy of Sciences started the networking project of units outside Beijing (referred to as "Hundred Networking Project").

On February 1996, China Academy of Sciences decided to officially name the Internet of China Academy of Sciences based on NCFC as "cstnet in CSTNet".

Jinqiao network construction:

1March 993 12, Vice Premier Zhu Rongji of the State Council presided over a meeting to propose and deploy the construction of a national public economic information and communication network (referred to as the Golden Bridge Project).

On September 6th, 1996, China Jinqiao Information Network (CHINAGBN) officially opened a 256K dedicated line to the United States. China Jinqiao Information Network recently announced that it will start to provide Internet services, mainly providing access for users of private line groups and providing single-point Internet service for individual users.

China public computer Internet (CHINANET) construction;

From September 65438 to September 0994, the General Administration of Telecommunications of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications signed the Sino-US Internet Agreement, and the construction of China's public computer Internet (CHINANET) began.

1995 1 10 In October, the General Administration of Telecommunications of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications opened 64K special lines in Beijing and Shanghai respectively, and began to provide Internet access services to the society. Internet in China has entered the stage of commercialization.

1in may, 1995, China telecom began to build China's public computer internet (CHINANET) national backbone network. And in 1996 1 month, the service was officially opened.

Construction of computer network for education and scientific research in China;

1At the beginning of July, 1994, the experimental network of "China Education and Scientific Research Computer Network" jointly established by six universities including Tsinghua University was opened, and it was connected with the Internet through the international export of NCFC.

1In August, 1994, the China Education and Research Computer Network (CERNET) invested by the State Planning Commission and sponsored by the State Education Commission was formally established. 1995 15 in February, the construction of "CERNET demonstration project of China education and scientific research computer network" was completed.

The third stage: content generation (1996-1998).

The Internet in China has entered an unprecedented active period, and the application and government management go hand in hand.

Building industrial chain:

On May 17, 2000, China Mobile officially launched WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) service.

On June 5438+065438+1October 10, China Mobile launched Monternet to build an open, cooperative and win-win industrial value chain.

On May 17, 2002, China Telecom launched the "Connected Starry Sky" project in Guangzhou, marking the beginning of the joint construction of broadband Internet industry by ISP and ICP.

On May 17, 2002, China Mobile took the lead in officially launching GPRS service nationwide.

Application budding edge:

Online education:1In August, 1999, more than 200 colleges and universities in six provinces and cities successfully enrolled students online on CERNET for the first time by using the "National College Enrollment System".

Online Banking:1September 1999, China Merchants Bank took the lead in launching "One Netcom" online banking service in China, becoming the first commercial bank in China to realize nationwide networking.

E-commerce:1999 On September 6th, China International E-commerce Application Expo was held in Beijing. This is the first large-scale e-commerce technology and application achievement report meeting in China.

Fourth media: June 5438+February 65438+February People's Daily Online, Xinhua Online, China Online, CCTV International Online, China Daily Online and Zhongqing Online, etc. It was approved by the State Council Press Office to publish news, and became the first key news website to be approved to publish news.

Online Games: 200 1, Shanda Network operates the Korean online game Legend in the Mainland, becoming the dominant player in the online game market in the Mainland.

The fourth stage: Internet development enters the fast lane (1999-end of 2002).

China Internet has entered a period of rapid growth in popularity and application.

On April 13, 2000, Sina.com announced its initial public offering, and the first truly online stock of Chinese mainland was listed on NASDAQ. The listing of the three major portals set off the first round of investment boom in China Internet. Life and death. COM is a process of constantly excavating the value of the Internet, and it is an era of big waves and sand scouring.

Informatization is surging:

199965438+1October 22nd, led by China Telecom and the Economic Information Center of the State Economic and Trade Commission, together with the information departments of more than 40 ministries (departments, bureaus), held a "kick-off meeting of government internet access project" in Beijing to start the "government internet access project", and the main website of the government internet access project was put into trial operation in www.gov.com.

On July 7, 2000, under the guidance of the State Economic and Trade Commission and the Ministry of Information Industry, China Telecom Group Co., Ltd. and the Economic Information Center of the State Economic and Trade Commission jointly launched the "Enterprise Online Project".

200 1 12 The "Home Internet Project" sponsored by the Ministry of Information Industry, the All-China Women's Federation, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Culture was officially launched.

Stage 5: Prosperity and Future (2003-present)

With the advent of the application diversification stage, the Internet is gradually becoming prosperous.

Mailbox situation: on average, each person uses 1.5 mailboxes, with more than 65438+300 million mailboxes. In 2004, the paid mailbox market is expected to reach 654.38 billion yuan.

The fourth media has developed rapidly: there are about 150 websites that publish news with the approval of the State Council Information Office, and online media is becoming the mainstream media.

Online games are booming: in 2003, the number of online game users reached13.8 million, the online game market sales reached13.2 billion yuan, and the direct income generated by telecom business reached 87 10/0 billion yuan.

Instant messaging has sprung up: by the end of 2003, Tencent QQ alone had 260 million registered users and more than 70 million active users.

Sms debut: In 2003, the SMS business volume of China Mobile and China Unicom reached 220 billion, with the growth rate exceeding 1.000%. A short message of 0. 1 yuan has created a market with an annual income of tens of billions and formed a thumb economy.

Online trading: In 2003, the online trading volume of securities companies nationwide was 994.7 billion yuan, and the IT investment was 2.7/kloc-0.0 billion yuan.

Online banking: More than 50 banks conduct online banking business, with over 40 million individual customers and over 60,000 corporate customers.

Online education: in 2004, the investment was 65.438+0.254 billion yuan, and there were more than 26,000 campus networks.

Online recruitment: 48.2% netizens think they can find jobs online, and the online recruitment market reached 3 1 100 million yuan in 2003.

Enterprise informatization: There are 4 1 10,000 enterprise websites, 92.5% of large enterprises have established enterprise intranets, and CIO groups have risen.

Online advertising: The breakthrough of online advertising reached zero in 1997 and reached1* * * in 2003.