Why can't the prisoner come out after serving his sentence?

According to the latest statistics of the Ministry of Justice, the national recidivism rate is about 8%, which is the middle level in the world. Among them, in major and malignant criminal cases, 70% of released prisoners broke the law again. Today, when we are working together to build a harmonious society, these figures are not only shocking, but also should attract great attention from all walks of life. Among the released prisoners who commit crimes again, a large part of them are "broken cans and broken falls", and they have changed from minor criminals to major criminals because of social distrust, incomprehension of relatives and friends, limited employment and broken families. This phenomenon shows that the employment of released prisoners is related to whether they will commit crimes again and endanger society again, thus affecting social stability. With this problem, the author investigated some prisoners and some released prisoners in a prison in Central China to understand their employment psychology and employment situation, and then analyzed and discussed related issues. First, the employment confusion of prisoners Not long ago, the author conducted a survey of 42 prisoners in a prison in Central China through conversation. According to the survey, some people are worried about whether they can find a job after they are released from prison, accounting for about 68% of the respondents. Among these people, nearly 70% are worried that their backward knowledge, skills and concepts will affect their employment, and 65% are worried that their employment will be affected by discrimination (these two groups overlap, and some are only affected by one of them). In the investigation, it was also found that some prisoners even have a tendency to commit crimes again. A prisoner who was sentenced for theft chatted with the author privately. He said: "The conditions in my family are very poor. If I go out, there is no unit to accept me and I have no money to do business, I may have to steal (steal) or rob (rob or snatch) again and continue to commit crimes. There are some crimes like mine ... The mentality of prisoners is shocking. When the author tried to persuade them to get rid of this idea, they just smiled, meaning that they all understood the truth, but there was nothing they could do. What is even more surprising is that a prisoner told us: "Although everyone wants to be free and doesn't want to serve a sentence in prison, if you can't find anything outside, you might as well stay in prison. There is food and shelter here, and the conditions are gradually improving. "It is gratifying that not all prisoners are so negative and pessimistic, and some prisoners behave differently from the above. Chen Mou, a prisoner, said: "At present, there is still a prejudice in the society that our prisoners are uneducated people, and it is normal for us to have difficulties in finding jobs. Actually, it is not like this! In prison, there are really some capable people and some talents that are still hard to find! " Yuan Mou, a prisoner, said excitedly, "Some of our pens here are good at writing, some are good at playing the piano, singing, playing chess, painting and calligraphy, some are proficient in medical skills, and some have a set of management skills ..." Through investigation, we found that most prisoners are confused and confused about their way out after serving their sentences, but they are not all negative and pessimistic. Some of them can adjust their mentality and have certain confidence in the future. Therefore, it is not impossible for those prisoners who are negative and pessimistic. The key lies in how to guide them and provide all kinds of effective help, so that they can finally return to society with confidence and ability, as Yuan said.

Second, the employment of released prisoners is not helpful. The attitude of prisoners towards employment is mainly an attitude towards future life, which has not yet entered the substantive stage of employment in their hearts; The released prisoners are already in the reality of employment, and their employment reality is more telling and has an important influence on those who are serving their sentences in prison. Because the employment situation of released prisoners seems to be a portrayal of the future employment of prisoners, the situation of the former directly impacts the employment mentality of the latter. Then, what is the real situation of the employment of prisoners after they are released from prison? In this regard, the author also made an investigation on the employment situation of several released prisoners soon. Zhang, who lives in the countryside, has a dead father and an elderly mother. Zhang was sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment 1 1 year for intentional injury, and was released at the end of 2004. Because he has only a primary school education and no skills, and because he has served his sentence in prison for a long time, he has been out of touch with society for a long time. Although Zhang has been looking for a job outside, he has not found a job so far. In the conversation with the author, Zhang showed a very confused and depressed look on his employment. Zhu, who was sentenced to prison for robbery, did nothing after his release in 2005. His ex-girlfriend married someone else while serving her sentence, so Zhu was very depressed and once lost confidence in life. As Zhu used to be a chef, he raised the travelling expenses to find a job in the south under the persuasion of local cadres and relatives and friends. Through some efforts, Zhu was finally hired by a hotel in Dongguan. Unexpectedly, after half a month, Zhu was dismissed. It turned out that the hotel owner knew about Zhu's past and fired him. "It hurts to think of my son!" The mother of Liu, a released prisoner, said. In the 1980s, Liu was sentenced to death with a suspended execution for theft. This year, he was released on medical parole and returned to his original residence. Because of liver disease, Liu couldn't do heavy work, but he found a job as a janitor with a monthly salary in 350 yuan. Liu's mother said that after Liu came back, he had spent thousands of dollars on medical expenses. Now I am only a temporary worker, and I may be dismissed at any time, and my life is not guaranteed. Through the above investigation, the author found that many prisoners do have many difficulties and obstacles in employment and even survival after they are released from prison.

Thirdly, actively explore the way out to solve the employment problem of ex-prisoners subjectively, ex-prisoners often show obvious maladjustment psychology to rapid social changes after returning to society; Some even have serious psychological barriers. Objectively speaking, for a long time, some released prisoners often suffer from all kinds of discrimination and exclusion after returning to society. Especially in employment, as long as some units and individuals know that job seekers are released from prison, they often refuse or refuse under various excuses, which makes it difficult for many ex-prisoners who have made up their minds to change their ways, master certain technical skills and find jobs normally. They have encountered many unimaginable difficulties and obstacles in making a living and obtaining employment. Due to the long-term lack of a stable source of life and a platform and opportunity to realize self-worth, some released prisoners gradually became dissatisfied or even disgusted with the society, and eventually "broke the jar and fell" and embarked on the road of no return again. (2) Therefore, if those criminals who have gone astray, but have indeed returned to the prodigal son, can get employment opportunities early before they are about to be released from prison, they can not only directly avoid their worries, but also restore their confidence in their future life; But also help to reduce their chances and possibilities of breaking the law again and promote them to become self-reliant and law-abiding qualified citizens as soon as possible. At the same time, it is also conducive to protecting the basic rights of criminals and showing strong humanistic care. It can be seen that it is an important link and project to help the special group of released prisoners to find jobs and integrate into society smoothly, promote them to live and work in peace and contentment, avoid committing crimes again, and maintain social harmony and stability. Then, how to help prisoners find a way to make a living after they are released from prison, so that they can get a new life, embark on the right path, give full play to their specialties and talents, and make contributions to society? This is not only an important task faced by the judicial department, but also an issue that the whole society should consider and actively participate in. The author believes that we can explore from the following aspects. The first is to set up a resettlement project to help ex-prisoners find jobs. Adopt the "triple" mode of joint, co-construction and linkage, that is, the prison and the labor and social security department jointly implement the resettlement assistance and education project in a planned and step-by-step manner, and establish a "green channel" for the employment of released prisoners; Cooperate with the township (town) government or street offices to handle the specific matters of resettlement assistance; Cooperate with the judicial department to provide pre-release legal education for prisoners and establish an adaptation transition zone. At the same time, the local labor and employment market provides a certain amount of employment information to the prison every month, with townships (towns) and streets taking the lead, and regularly organizes professionals to go to the prison to provide counseling on the employment status and common sense of the people who are about to be released from prison, so as to eliminate their confusion. The second is to set up vocational skills training centers in prisons. With the support of labor and social security departments and vocational and technical schools where prisons are located, prisons can set up vocational skills training centers to build a platform for prisoners to embark on social employment and make a living after they are released from prison. Through planned and purposeful labor skills training for prisoners, they can master one or two practical vocational skills when they are released from prison, so that prisoners can transform their skills into law-abiding citizens and lay a good foundation for their smooth employment and life after they are released from prison. Xingcheng Prison in Hunan Province is the first prison in the province to be released from prison. In 200 1 year, the prison was listed as "Hunan Prison Exit Training Center", which provided exit education and vocational training for prisoners who were about to leave prison, and helped them to find jobs smoothly after they were released from prison. In recent years, it has achieved good social effects. The third is to hold job fairs in prisons regularly or irregularly. In this regard, we can learn from the practices of Chongqing prisons. Not long ago, Chongqing Prison held a special job fair for prisoners' employment, which is still rare in China. Personnel directors from enterprises in Chongqing 15 held supply and demand talks with more than 300 prisoners who are about to serve their sentences (enterprises have brought more than 50 jobs in/KLOC-0, including lathes, locksmiths, electricians, welders, mechanics and chefs), and more than 70 prisoners have reached intention agreements with recruitment enterprises on employment and internship after they are released from prison, and the job fair has achieved gratifying results. The director of Chongqing Prison loudly appealed that special attention should be paid to the professional skills training of criminals during their sentences, and it should be connected with the market demand. At the same time, the whole society should pay attention to the continuing education of prisoners after serving their sentences. Only by solving the worries of these criminals can they truly integrate into society and turn over a new leaf. The fourth is to call on the whole society to strengthen the recognition of released prisoners. After the released prisoners return to society, they have many difficulties in finding jobs. In addition to their own reasons (such as lack of knowledge and skills, outdated concepts and psychological and physiological obstacles, etc.). ), another important reason is that they lack social recognition. For a long time, many people in society have formed an idea that people who have served in the army or have been in prison are of poor quality. They even think that they "have an unchangeable nature for illegal crimes", so that many employers have natural resistance and even contempt and disgust for them. Therefore, if our society can hold a tolerant heart, strengthen the recognition of released prisoners, give them an opportunity to integrate into society, lend a helping hand, and let them feel the warmth of society and be full of courage and confidence in life, this will not only help the released prisoners survive, but also reduce the possibility of their committing crimes again, thus helping to maintain social stability and promote social harmony. To this end, government departments, news media and social employers should form a joint force, through guidance, publicity and education, so that all sectors of society can change their concepts and form the common concern and help of the whole society for the employment of released prisoners. References: ① Yuan, A Study on the Crime of Ex-cons [j], Law Press, 2004. ② Zhang Zhihui: Analysis of Legal Supervision [j], People's Procuratorate, No.5, 2000. ③ Guo Xiaoqing, Criminal Psychology [m], Zhejiang University Press, 2003.