Who were the famous popes during the Renaissance?

The Renaissance, a period of European history, refers to an ideological and cultural movement that emerged in Italian cities at the end of the 13th century and later spread to Western European countries. It was an ideological and cultural movement that prevailed in Europe in the 16th century, bringing about a period of science and The period of artistic revolution opened the prelude to modern European history and is considered the boundary between the medieval era and modern times.

188 Martin IV (Martin IV) *1281-1285* French, renounced the schismatic Michael* the 9th French pope

189 Honorius IV ( Honorius IV) *1285-1287* Romans

190 Nicholas IV (Nicholas IV) *1288-1292* Italians

191 St.Celestine V ) *1294-1294* Italian

192 Boniface VIII (Boniface VIII) *1294-1303* Italian, who advocated religious power over royal power and was banned

193 Benedict XI (Benedict Avignon, surrendered to the King of France* and the Holy See moved from Rome to Avignon, France. He was the 10th French pope and held the Council of Vienna from 1311 to 1312.

195 John XXII (John *French, ascetic, since the Hundred Years War*The 12th French pope

197 Clement VI (Clement VI)*1342-1352*French, the Black Death swept across Europe*13th French Pope

198 Innocent VI (Innocent VI) *1352-1362* French, Kaiser Charles IV abandoned the pope’s right to elect the emperor

199 Urban V (UrbanⅤ)*1362-1370*French*The 15th French pope

200 Gregory XI (Gregory ⅩⅠ)*1370-1378*French, returned to Rome*The 16th French pope Pope, the Holy See moved back to Rome

201 Urban VI (Urban VI) *1378-1389* Naples, the French faction chose another Western schism* "The Great Schism" began, Rome and Avignon Each establishes a pope.

202 Boniface IX (Boniface IX) *1389-1404* Neapolitan

203 Innocent VII (Innocent VII) *1404-1406* Italian

204 Gregory XII (Gregory The Thirteenth Pope (1410-1415) abdicated at the Council of Constantine held from 1414 to 1418, and elected Pope Martin V, who was accepted by both parties. The "Great Schism" ended

207 Martin V (MartinⅤ)*1417-1431*Romans, COUSTANCE Parliament ended the divisions*The Council of Florence was held in 1431

208 Eugene IV (EugeneⅣ)*1431-1447*Venetians, opposed Black slave trade

209 Nicholas V (Nicholas V) *1447-1455* Italian, built library

210 Calixtus III (Calixtus III) *1455-1458* Spaniards, launched the Crusades*The first Spanish Pope

211 Pius II (Pius II)*1458-1464*Sena, changed from humanism

212 Paul II World (PaulⅡ) *1464-1471* Venetian, opposed to incest* Nephew of Eugene IV

213 Sixtus IV (Sixtus IV) *1471-1484* Savoy, built The Sistine Chapel, using close relatives* members of the Franciscans, built the Sistine Chapel named after himself, recruited artists of the time, and brought the early Renaissance to Rome

214 Innocent VIII (InnocentⅧ)*1484-1492*The Genoa people used close relatives to cull witches

215 Alexander VI (Alexander VI)*1492-1503*The Spaniards used close relatives to divide the world* The second Spanish pope, nephew of Calixtus III, known as the God of Love.

216 Pius III (Pius III)*1503-1503*Sena

217 Julius II (Julius II)*1503-1513*SAVONO, expanded the Basilica of St. Paul, Pope of War

218 Leo X (Leo X) *1513-1521* Florentine, Luther apostate, god of wisdom.

219 Adrian VI (Adrian VI) *1522-1523* The Dutch advocated reform * the first Dutch pope

220 Clement VII (Clement VII) *1523 -1534* Florentines, rejected King Henry VIII of England

221 Paul III (Paul III) *1534-1549* Romans, the church respected the rights of Indians, approved the Society of Jesus, and held the Council of Triton

222 Julius III (Julius III) *1550-1555* Romans, Queen Mary of England resumed relations with Rome *1552.8 St. Francis Xavier arrived at Shangchuan Island, China

223 Marcellus II (Marcellus II) *1555-1555* Italian

Counter-Reformation Period

224 Paul IV (Paul IV) *1555-1559* Neapolitan , established a judge and denied Queen Elizabeth (Elizabeth I)

225 Pius IV (Pius IV) *1559-1565* Milanese, approved the resolution of the Trinite Council

226 Pius V (PiusⅤ) *1566-1572* The Spaniards, reformed the interior, established the Ministry of Communications, and won the army

227 Gregory XIII (Gregory XIII) *1572-1585* Italian HUGUENOT. Reform legislation * The Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar) was implemented in 1582

228 Sixtus V (Sixtus V) *1585-1590* Italians continued the reform work

229 Urban VII Urban VII) *1590-1590* Romans

230 Gregory XIV (Gregory XIV) *1590-1591* Italians

231 Innocent IX ) *1591-1591* Bologna

232 Clement VIII (ClementⅧ) *1592-1605* Florentine, Matteo Ricci came to China

233 Leo XI (Leo