What are the categories of educational evaluation by content?

As an important link and means of school and social education, educational evaluation has many functions such as detection, diagnosis, identification, prediction and guidance.

Educational evaluation is a process of systematically collecting information by using feasible scientific means, analyzing and explaining according to certain educational values or educational goals, so as to provide a basis for continuously optimizing education and educational decision-making.

For the content of teaching evaluation category, it is mainly the classification of teaching evaluation. Of course, there are many evaluation criteria for classification. This paper mainly explains several classification methods that are most commonly tested.

(a) according to the different functions of implementation and termination, it can be divided into diagnostic evaluation, formative evaluation and summative evaluation.

Diagnostic evaluation refers to the evaluation at the beginning of a semester or a unit teaching to understand the students' learning preparation and the factors affecting their learning. The main functions of diagnostic evaluation are: checking students' learning preparation; Decide on the appropriate placement of students; Find out the reasons for students' learning difficulties.

For example: entrance examination; Placement examination; A thorough examination

Formative evaluation is an evaluation of students' learning process and results in order to improve and perfect teaching activities in the teaching process. The main functions of formative assessment are: promoting students' learning; Set the rhythm for students' learning; Strengthen students' learning; Give feedback to the teacher.

For example: unit testing; mischief

Summative evaluation is the evaluation of students' learning results at the end of a big learning stage, a semester or a course, also known as summative evaluation, which takes the results as the center.

For example, the final exam.

(2) According to the different standards used, it can be divided into relative evaluation, absolute evaluation and intra-individual difference evaluation.

Relativity evaluation is also called norm reference evaluation, and its evaluation standard is not fixed. The evaluation criteria are mainly based on students' relative position and nouns in the group. This evaluation has a strong selectivity and is beneficial to the outstanding talents among seniors.

For example: there is no tiger in the mountain, and the monkey is called the king; A rising tide lifts all boats; Pull up the big one; Teacher recruitment; entrance examination

Absolute evaluation is also called target reference evaluation, and its evaluation standard is fixed, and it is evaluated with a fixed score. Absolute evaluation is more suitable for graduation examination and qualified examination, but it is not conducive to selecting talents.

For example: Band 4 and Band 6; leaving examination

Individual difference evaluation is to compare the past and present of the evaluator or to compare different aspects of the evaluation object.

For example, a student scored 30 points in the first exam, which was 70 points higher than the second exam; A student has a liberal arts major.

The above contents are two commonly used classification methods in teaching evaluation. For these two kinds of contents, everyone must understand and remember them well, and it is best to understand and remember them with examples when remembering.