Is 2016 Science 308 enough for the best major?

Science 308 is not enough to get into the best major.

Compared with liberal arts students, science students can choose from a wide variety of majors, with many categories. A rough calculation can identify five major categories of science majors, such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, astronomy; and engineering. Majors, such as machinery, materials, engineering, and electronics; agricultural and forestry majors, such as agronomy, forestry, horticulture, and aquaculture; medical majors, such as clinical, laboratory, and anesthesia; and economic and management majors, such as economics, industry and commerce, and engineering management.

"There are countless stars in the sky, and they are all my dreams." Among these hundreds of majors, the following 10 majors are most popular among science students.

NO.1 Computer Science and Technology

Favor Index: ★★★★★

Graduates/year: more than 100,000 people

Main courses

Circuit principles, digital logic, digital analysis, introduction to communication principles, analog electronics technology, computer principles, microcomputer technology, computer system structure, computer network, high-level language, assembly language, data structure, Operating systems, compilation principles, system analysis and control, signal processing principles, etc.

Employment prospects

Computer science and technology majors have developed in recent years with the widespread application of computers. The development of the Internet and the advent of the network era have made the functions of computers It not only replaces some mental computing work of the human brain, but also becomes an important tool for people to communicate in the information age.

The research directions of this major include computer software and theory, database and information systems, computer system structure, etc.

Whether it is a key university or an ordinary university, computer-related majors are popular majors, and the admission scores in different batches of colleges and universities are relatively high. However, because a large number of schools blindly launch such majors, their training The talents coming out are also mixed. If you choose the wrong school, you will only be able to engage in general jobs selling computers or repairing computers after graduation. Judging from the current social demand, the following four types of computer talents are more popular: software programming talents, network engineering talents, information security talents, and computer animation talents.

Although this professional setting has a short history, its development speed is extremely amazing. Almost all colleges and universities at all levels across the country offer this major, and it has become one of the majors recruiting the largest number of science and engineering candidates. What followed was a sharp decline in the employment rate. Some ranking statistics even ranked the employment rate of this major at the bottom.

Employment goals

Software development engineers: design and develop various software products and information systems in software companies; information managers: engaged in management and maintenance of various departments in various enterprises and institutions. Information systems; hardware development designers: design and develop various information hardware products in computer companies.

Tips

1. Candidates applying for this major need active logical thinking skills, so it is most suitable for candidates with good math scores.

2. This major can also award a Bachelor of Science degree. Computer-related occupations are basically "young people's careers." Engaging in such work is really tiring. Staying up late and working overtime is common, and the elimination rate is extremely high.

Comments: Graduates of this major are easy to find jobs and have high salary levels. However, the employment situation of school graduates with two or fewer degrees is not good because it is difficult for students with two or more degrees to learn strong technical skills. Students from famous schools can easily learn strong professional knowledge and skills, and can easily obtain high-paying jobs.

NO.2 Mechanical design, manufacturing and automation

Favor index: ★★★★☆

Graduates/year: 80,000-100,000

Main courses

Engineering mechanics, basics of mechanical design, electrical and electronic technology, microcomputer principles and applications, mechanical engineering materials, basics of manufacturing technology, digital logic circuits, computer graphics, basics of control engineering, Sensor and testing technology, microcomputer principle and interface technology, hydraulic and pneumatic technology, electromechanical control and programmable controller technology, etc.

Employment prospects

This major is the product of a combination of traditional mechanical design and manufacturing and advanced automation technology. It is a wide-caliber major in mechatronics.

The machinery industry is an old industry, and the demand for talent has always been lukewarm. However, in recent years, my country's large-scale industries have gradually recovered. The development of manufacturing industry is facing severe challenges from the shortage of senior talents. The independent technology and scientific and technological innovation capabilities of industrial manufactured products are obviously insufficient, and energy and material consumption are high, waste and pollution are serious, and the huge The inability of engineering and technical teams to effectively transform into human resource advantages is becoming the main factor restricting the rapid development of the manufacturing industry. According to industry experts, senior manufacturing talents can be roughly divided into four types: research and development, design, technology, and assembly. At present, there is a serious shortage of these four types of talents, showing an obvious trend of shortage of supply. At the same time, CNC talents with development capabilities have also become the target of competition for various companies.

Since mechanical design, manufacturing and automation involve many disciplines such as machinery, electronics, automatic control and computers, it provides a strong guarantee for cross-professional and cross-industry employment.

The employment rate of this major in many colleges and universities has reached more than 90% for many years.

Employment goals

Engineering and technical personnel: engaged in the design, manufacture, and production of electromechanical products in machinery, electronics, metallurgy, petrochemicals, aerospace, ordnance, steel, automobile and other related departments. Control and maintenance, computer control and management of modern enterprises.

Recommended colleges and universities (national characteristic major construction sites)

Key universities: China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Tianjin University, Dalian University of Technology, Tongji University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Hefei Industry University, Shandong University, China University of Petroleum (East China), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Central South University, Sichuan University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Chang'an University, Hebei University of Technology, Shijiazhuang Railway University, Yanshan University, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu University, Fuzhou University, Guizhou University, Xinjiang University.

Tips

1. Candidates with good scores in mathematics and physics and who like hands-on operations are suitable to apply.

2. Almost all science and engineering colleges offer this major, which can be called a "big enrollment". However, the professional directions of research in different types of science and engineering colleges are very different. For example, the focus of research in transportation colleges may be the direction of lifting and transportation machinery, and the focus of research in electronic colleges may be the direction of electronic manufacturing technology. Most of the research focuses in engineering colleges are on intelligent electromechanical control or mold design and manufacturing, etc.

Comment: This major is currently one of the easiest to find a job in our country's universities. The salary level is medium to upper. It requires students with good drawing ability, strong motivation ability and good three-dimensional sense. All engineering universities have Some majors can be chosen actively.

NO.3 Electrical Engineering and Automation

Favor Index: ★★★★☆

Graduates/Year: 30,000-50,000

Main courses

Circuit theory, foundation of electronic technology, foundation of computer software technology, automation control theory, microcomputer principles and applications, power electronics technology, electromechanics, power system steady-state analysis, power plant electrical Main system, power system relay protection, power system automatic control technology, etc.

Employment prospects

The electrical engineering and automation major has a very wide scope of application. From a small family to a large society, they are inseparable from the work of these professionals.

The employment directions of graduates of this major mainly fall into the following three categories:

The first category is State Grid Corporation of China, China Southern Power Grid Corporation and the five major power generation companies - Datang, Huaneng, and Guodian , Huadian and China Power Investment Corporation. These companies should be the first choice for employment for graduates, but these famous companies also have high requirements for talents and the competition is quite fierce. Provincial and prefecture-level power supply companies or power supply bureaus are more realistic choices for electrical major graduates, and the remuneration is also good.

The second category is the Engineering Bureau. The Engineering Bureau is mainly responsible for work related to power plant construction and substation construction. Compared with other units, the Engineering Bureau's work is more difficult because the project location must constantly move. Generally, people work wherever the power plant is built, but the salary Still very impressive.

The third category is electrical equipment companies and power manufacturing industries. According to statistics, more than half of electrical graduates every year will be engaged in work related to power systems, and most of them choose to enter some large and medium-sized electrical equipment companies and automation companies. At the same time, industries such as electrical equipment, automobiles, railways, lighting, communications, and chemicals also need electrical talents.

In addition, in recent years, the state has invested heavily in electrifying railways. So far, the total mileage of electrified railways in my country has exceeded 48,000 kilometers, ranking first in the world. Subsequently, the demand for electrical engineering and automation professionals has also increased significantly.

Since foreign research in electrical majors is ahead of our country, if graduates hope to further develop in professional research, going abroad for further study is a good choice.

Employment goals

Engineering and technical personnel: engaged in research, development, design and engineering in large enterprises such as petrochemical, metallurgy, electric power, electronics, communications, national defense, machinery and other related departments implementation work.

Recommendations for colleges and universities (national characteristic major construction sites)

Key universities: Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China Agricultural University, North China Electric Power University, Tianjin University, Dalian Maritime University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Harbin Institute of Technology, Southeast University, China University of Mining and Technology (Xuzhou), Hohai University, Zhejiang University, Hefei University of Technology, Shandong University, China University of Petroleum (East China), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Tsinghua University, Beijing Jiaotong University, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Dalian University of Technology, Wuhan University, Hebei University of Technology.

Tips

1. The electrical engineering and automation major is very attractive to the majority of candidates and is a popular major. The admission score for the college entrance examination [Weibo] is often higher than that of other majors. Much higher.

2. Candidates need to have a solid foundation in mathematics and physics and certain hands-on ability.

Comments: This major is basically offered by engineering universities. Among the universities in Heilongjiang Province, only Harbin Institute of Technology (national first-level discipline) and Harbin University of Science and Technology (national second-level discipline) are national key disciplines. The employment prospects are good, and the salary level is better than that of mechanical engineering, so you can choose actively.

NO.4 Communication Engineering

Favor Index: ★★★★★

Graduates/year: 30,000-50,000 people

Main courses

A series of courses on circuit theory and application, computer network and communications, software technology foundation, broadband switching technology, signals and systems, electromagnetic field theory, digital system and logic design, digital signal processing, communication principles, Satellite communications, etc.

Employment prospects

From BB to PHS, from brick-like "Big Brother" to biscuit-like mobile phones, from Hongyan to Yimeier (E-mail) Email, from voice communication to smart communication, from network communication to triple network integration, from 3G to 4G... the rapid changes in communication technology make us dizzy.

Communications are ubiquitous. Wherever there is information and communication electronics technology, there are communication engineering and technical personnel. However, most graduates still set their sights on employment in communications companies. Ericsson, ZTE, Huawei and other large companies known as "Love China" have always been popular targets for communication engineering majors.

After all, very few people can enter large companies to engage in technology research and development. Most graduates end up doing low-tech jobs such as computer room equipment maintenance or communication product sales. If you can get a job in a company such as China Mobile, China Telecom, China Netcom, China Unicom, etc. in the telecommunications industry, you will basically have an iron job and be able to provide for your retirement.

No matter what job you do, as long as it is related to "communications", the salary is not low, so every year, a large number of high-scoring candidates compete to apply for the communication engineering major.

Employment goals

Engineering and technical personnel: engage in research, design, technology introduction and technology development of communication engineering in various communication production enterprises; software engineers: engage in software development in the computer industry Work; network engineer: engaged in network design and maintenance work in various enterprises; marketer: engaged in product sales in communication-related companies.

Recommended colleges and universities (national characteristic major construction sites)

Key universities: Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Harbin Institute of Technology, Southeast University, Shandong University, Wuhan University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Southwest Jiaotong University, Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Tianjin University, Zhejiang University, Hohai University, Hunan University, Nanchang University, Zhengzhou University.

General universities: Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Guilin University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chengdu Institute of Information Engineering, Beijing Union University, Tianjin Vocational and Technical Normal University [Weibo], Hangzhou University of Electronic Science and Technology.

Tips

1. The communication engineering major spans two majors: electronics and computer. The courses taken have the characteristics of both. Candidates need to have a good foundation in mathematics and physics and a relatively good foundation. Strong hands-on application skills.

2. Students with strong logical thinking ability, strong understanding and analytical skills are suitable to apply for this major.

NO.5 Electronic Information Engineering

Favor Index: ★★★★★

Graduates/Year: 80,000-100,000

Main courses

Circuit theory series courses, computer technology series courses, information theory and coding, signals and systems, digital signal processing, introduction to information security, electromagnetic field theory, automatic control principles, sensing technology, etc.

Employment prospects

Speaking of it, this is also an old major. In the words of ordinary people, it is the former "radio". Nowadays, most polytechnics offer this major, and they spare no financial resources to support it. The names are also linked to "electronics" and "information." It can be said that "old trees bloom new flowers."

The information industry is an emerging high-tech industry with huge potential and broad development prospects. As the industrial economy transforms into a knowledge economy, the information industry will inevitably become the world's largest industry, and electronic information engineering is one of the important foundations and pillars of the information industry.

In addition to having a high chance of being admitted to postgraduate school and taking the postgraduate entrance examination, undergraduate students majoring in electronic information engineering also show strong competitive potential in the talent market. Since my country's electronic information industry is still in its infancy, "talent saturation" and "downhill decline" seem to be relatively far away. Therefore, after graduation, students can go to the electronic system industry to engage in system arrangement, analysis, component design, analysis, For research and development, you can also engage in the operation and technical management of electronic equipment and systems in departments such as posts and telecommunications, energy, transportation, finance, public security, national defense, radio and television, etc.

Information from job fairs in various places in recent years shows that the demand for graduates majoring in electronic information engineering continues to grow, but employers’ requirements for talent levels are also constantly upgrading, that is, from undergraduate to junior college graduates. It is developing towards master's and doctoral students. Therefore, for a long time to come, taking the postgraduate entrance examination after graduating from this major will still be the first choice for many students.

Employment goals

Engineering technicians: engage in introduction, development, operation, maintenance, etc. in various enterprises that apply electronic technology; Software engineers: engage in various software development in the computer industry Work.

Recommended colleges and universities (national characteristic major construction sites)

Key universities: Tsinghua University, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Tianjin University, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan University, Chongqing University, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Anhui University, Northeastern University, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Xinjiang University.

Tips

1. Candidates with good scores in mathematics and physics and who like hands-on operations are suitable to apply.

2. This major can also award a Bachelor of Science degree.

Comments: This major is a discipline between computer science and technology and communication engineering. The employment situation is not as good as these two majors. The main reason is that students who are not as good as computer students in programming and communication network technology It is not as good as the Communication Engineering major and is not actively recommended.