Geographical location characteristics and evaluation of Jiangsu province

Jiangsu Province is the birthplace of China ancient Wuyue culture and Yangtze River culture. Homo erectus fossils in Tangshan, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province trace the civilization history of this rich land back to ancient times 350 thousand years ago. As early as the prosperous Tang Dynasty in China in the 7th century, Jiangsu continuously transported exquisite silk and silk for the long Silk Road. Nanjing, where the provincial capital is located, is called "the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties", which created the Yangtze River civilization that promoted the historical process of China.

General situation of Jiangsu province

Jiangsu province, referred to as "Su". It is located on the eastern coast of China, between north latitude11618'-12157' and 30 45'-35 20', in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, bordering the Yellow Sea in the east and Anhui in the west. The whole province covers an area of 10.26 million square kilometers, accounting for10.05% of the total land area in China. With a total population of over 70 million, it is the province with the highest population density in China. The population is mainly Han nationality, accounting for 99.8% of the total population, and there are Hui, Manchu, Mongolian and other ethnic minorities. The province has jurisdiction over 13 prefecture-level cities, 3/kloc-0 county-level cities, 33 counties, and Nanjing, the capital. Other provincial cities include Wuxi, Xuzhou, Changzhou, Suzhou, Nantong, Lianyungang, Yancheng, Huai 'an, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Taizhou and Suqian.

Administrative divisions of Jiangsu province

Jiangsu now has 13 provincial cities and 106 counties (cities, districts), including 27 county-level cities, 25 counties and 54 municipal districts. * * * townships 120 1 (ethnic townships 1), of which towns 1078 and administrative villages 18073.

With the approval of the State Council, our province has made a large-scale adjustment to the administrative divisions of provincial cities. 1996, Yang Tai was established separately, and Taizhou was established as a county-level city. Huaisu is divided into two parts: Suqian City at the county level and Suqian City at the prefecture level. Since the end of 2000, the province has adjusted the administrative divisions of Nanjing, Wuxi, Changzhou, Suzhou, Zhenjiang, Yangzhou, Huai 'an, Lianyungang, Yancheng and Suqian 10, merged 14 counties (cities, districts) and newly established 12 districts.

In recent years, the whole province has merged towns with unreasonable layout and small scale. From 1999 to the end of 2004, * * merged 773 townships and 17 185 villages, and the merging rates reached 39.2% and 48.7% respectively. At present, the average area of towns and villages in the province is 80.77 square kilometers, and the average population size is 510.4 million.

Administrative evolution

The establishment of Jiangsu Province began in the early years of Qing Dynasty, and it was named after the initials of Jiangning and Suzhou. Tracing back to the source, Jiangsu is a part of Xu and Yang states in Kyushu recorded in Shangshu Gong Yu. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to Lu, Song, Chu and Wu. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it belonged to Wu, Song, Chu, Yue, Qi and other countries. The Qin Dynasty was a part of Jiujiang, Huiji, Zhangjiang, Surabaya and Donghai. The Han Dynasty belongs to the secretariat departments of Yangzhou and Xuzhou. During the reign of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty, Suzhou, Yangzhou and Xuzhou were established. During the Daye period, it was changed to Wu, Piling, Danyang, Jiangdu, Pengcheng and Donghai counties. In the early Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Jiangnan, Huainan and Henan. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it belonged to Jiangnan East Road, Liangzhe Road, Huainan East Road and Jingdong West Road. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Huaibei belonged to gold. The Yuan Dynasty belonged to Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Henan provinces. In the Ming Dynasty, Jiangsu and Anhui belonged to Yingtianfu and Zhili Nanjing. It belonged to jiangnan province in the early Qing Dynasty. In the 6th year of Kangxi (1667), jiangnan province was divided into Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom successively established jiangnan province, Pu Tian and Sufu provinces. 17 (1928), Nanjing is a special city. After liberation, there are two administrative offices in southern Jiangsu and northern Jiangsu, and Nanjing is a municipality directly under the Central People's Government. 1953 merged to form Jiangsu province, the capital of Nanjing.

Local traditional culture

Jiangsu is the regional political and cultural center of many dynasties in history, with a long history of culture and art and extremely rich cultural heritage. There are many kinds of local opera performing arts in Jiangsu, and famous artists come forth in large numbers. There are more than 20 kinds of operas, among which Kunqu Opera, Western Opera, Huai Opera, Yang Opera, Humorous Opera, Huaihai Opera, Liuqin Opera and Bangzi Opera have great influence. Kunqu opera, also known as Kunqu opera, Kunqu opera. It is one of the oldest existing operas in China, and has the reputation of "the father of hundreds of operas". There are 15 kinds of quyi with Jiangsu local characteristics, each with its own characteristics, and most of them have a long history. Among them, Suzhou Pingtan, Suzhou Pingtan, Yangzhou Pingtan, Xuzhou Qin Shu, Huaihai gongs and drums, Nanjing Baiju and so on have great influence. Jiangsu's music and dance art has a profound foundation, and there are countless folk songs and ballads everywhere, which are beautiful. Silkworm Bamboo in the South of the Yangtze River is the most representative folk music. Southern Jiangsu folk song Beauty of Taihu Lake, northern Jiangsu folk song Jasmine, La Chai Lu Hua's Roots, Erhu performance "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" and so on are widely circulated and enduring. Folk dances such as "Lantern" and "Flower Fan Dance" are also deeply loved by the audience.

Geography:

Jiangsu is the lowest province in China, with most areas below 50 meters above sea level. The low hills are concentrated in the north and southwest, accounting for 14.3% of the total area of the province, mainly including Laoshan, Ningzhen Mountain, Maoshan, Yili Mountain and Yuntai Mountain. Yunnu Mountain in Yuntai Mountain, a suburb of Lianyungang, is the highest peak in the province, with an altitude of 625 meters.

Rivers and lakes:

The main rivers and lakes in the province can be roughly divided into three river basin water systems, namely Yishu Sishui water system, the lower Huaihe River water system, the Yangtze River water system and Taihu Lake water system. There are more than 2,900 rivers, nearly 300 lakes and more than 0/0/00 reservoirs in the province. The water surface area composed of rivers and lakes is 17300 square kilometers, accounting for 16.8% of the total area of the province.

Climate:

Jiangsu belongs to subtropical and warm temperate zone, with mild climate and moderate rainfall, which is characterized by obvious changes in cold and summer and distinct four seasons. The annual average temperature in the whole province is 13℃- 16℃, and the temperature rises faster in the west than in the east in spring, with a difference of 4-7 days between east and west. The temperature drop in autumn is slower than that in the north, with a difference of 3-6 days between the north and the south. Annual sunshine hours (absolute sunshine) average 2000-2600 hours, sunshine hours ≥0℃ average 1800-2240 hours; The sunshine percentage (relative sunshine) is between 48-59%. Sunshine hours are the most in summer and the least in winter, accounting for 29.0-32.8% and 20. 1-2 1.3% respectively. Affected by monsoon climate, Jiangsu is rich in precipitation, with an annual precipitation of 724- 12 10 mm, but there are obvious regional differences, with the eastern part more than the western part and the southern part more than the northern part. The annual evaporation of the whole province is 900- 1050 mm, which is obviously increased from east to west due to the influence of humid air flow in the ocean. The annual average wind speed in the province is 3.5m/s, and meteorological disasters in Jiangsu mainly include drought, waterlogging, tropical storm (typhoon), frost and hail.

Resources:

Mineral resources mainly include coal, oil and natural gas. Non-metallic minerals include sulfur, phosphorus, sodium salt, crystal, kyanite, precious stones, diamonds, kaolin, limestone, quartz sand, marble and ceramic clay, while metallic minerals include iron, copper, lead, zinc, silver and gold. Clay minerals, building materials minerals, chemical raw materials minerals, metallurgical auxiliary raw materials minerals and special-purpose minerals are the advantages of Jiangsu mineral data, among which calcite, marl, attapulgite clay, diabase for cement and diorite porphyrite for cement mixture rank first in China.

Aquatic resources Jiangsu borders the Yellow Sea in the east, with coastline 1.040 km and mariculture area 1.39 thousand hectares. Located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Huaihe River, yi river River, Shuhe River and Sihe River, with dense lakes, reservoirs, ponds and ditches, large water area and many kinds, convenient marine fisheries and inland fisheries, and rich aquatic resources. There are more than 26 million mu of inland water surface, including more than 40 species of freshwater fish/kloc-0 and 30-40 species of economic fish, mainly carp, crucian carp and Monopterus albus. There are more than 0/50 species of offshore fish/kloc-,among which more than 25 species are prolific, mainly including yellow crucian carp, silver pomfret and hairtail. In addition to fish, the output of crustacean aquatic products such as freshwater shrimps and crabs is also high, and there are abundant shellfish resources in inland waters and coastal beaches. Aquatic plant resources are also a major advantage of Jiangsu aquatic products. The main varieties are reed, lotus root, arrowhead, Zizania latifolia, water chestnut, water chestnut and so on.

Water Conservancy and Electric Power Jiangsu is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Huaihe River, yi river River and Sihe River, and receives more than 2 million square kilometers of water from the Yangtze River, Huaihe River and Yishu River 15 provinces. After liberation, on the basis of previous water conservancy projects, maintenance and reinforcement were carried out, major water conservancy projects were built, flood control standards of Huaihe River, Taihe River, sea and lake dikes were improved, and a number of water storage, water diversion, water lifting and water transfer projects were completed.

The electric power industry has made great progress, especially in northern Jiangsu. Completely changed the situation that power plants were basically concentrated in southern Jiangsu in the past. The installed capacity of 500 kilowatts and above in the province is 6.5438+0.338 million kilowatts, with an average annual increase of 654.38+0.65438+0%. The installed capacity rose from the seventh place in China to the second place. Among the units of 500 kW and above, there are mainly high temperature, high pressure, ultra-high pressure and subcritical pressure units, accounting for about 80% of the capacity. The province's power generation reaches 75 1 100 million kwh, ranking third in the country.

Animal and Plant Resources The province is rich in plant resources, about 850 species, and there are more than 600 species of wild plants that can be developed and utilized. There are few wild animal resources, mainly pheasants and ducks, and rare birds such as red-crowned cranes, white cranes and swans are along the coast.

Industry:

Jiangsu has developed industries, complete categories of light and heavy industries and advanced technology. The main industries are machinery, electronics, electric power, petrochemical, textile, food, building materials, paper making and so on. Nanjing, Wuxi, Suzhou, Changzhou and Nantong are the main industrial centers, among which the textile and silk industries rank first in the country. Machinery, electronics, petrochemicals and automobiles are becoming new pillar industries in Jiangsu Province. The pattern of small and medium-sized enterprises is changing, the variety structure of industrial products is constantly optimized, and the overall level of product quality is improved. Panda, Little Swan, Chang Chai, Red Bean and Senda are recognized as well-known trademarks in China.

Agriculture:

Jiangsu is one of the developed agricultural provinces in China, known as the land of abundance, with an area of 4,448,300 hectares of cultivated land. Paddy field accounts for about 60%, and dry land accounts for about 40%.

Grain crops are mainly rice and wheat, and most areas are suitable for dry food with two crops a year, three crops a year, or intercropping with several crops a year. Rice is mainly produced in southern Jiangsu. Wheat (wheat, barley, yuanmai) is mainly produced in Xuhuai area, and corn, sorghum and other food crops are also produced in northern Jiangsu. Cash crops include cotton, peanuts, rape, jute, sericulture and so on. The Yangtze River, coastal plain and Xuhuai area are one of the important cotton-producing areas in China. Peanut, an oil crop, is mainly produced in Xuhuai area, and rape is mostly produced in Taihu Lake basin.

Nantong and Haimen are important producing areas of characteristic cash crops such as mint and spearmint in China. Taihu Lake Basin is one of the three major sericulture bases in China. Jiangsu's rural economy has developed in an all-round way, the agricultural production level in southern Jiangsu has been continuously improved, and the agricultural economic development in northern Jiangsu has been continuously accelerated, becoming the production base of agricultural and sideline products of grain and cotton in Jiangsu Province.

Agricultural diversification in this province includes animal husbandry, aquatic products, forestry, gardening and sericulture.

Animal husbandry is famous for Taihu pig, Haimen goat, Haizi buffalo, Nantong Langshan chicken, Gaoyou duck and Kunshan duck. Aquatic products are famous for whitebait in Taihu Lake, shad and saury in Yangtze River, big crabs in Yangcheng Lake, cultured mussels and cultured pearls. The famous fishing ports are Lvsi Port and Lianyungang. Horticulture includes vegetables, fruits, tea, flowers, fruits and edible fungi, among which the output of commercial bonsai in Jiangsu ranks among the best in the national horticultural industry; Jiangsu has built five production bases of horticultural products: Huaibei fruit production base mainly produces apples and pears. Taihu famous fruit base mainly produces citrus, loquat, bayberry, peach and green plum. First-line vegetable production bases in suburbs and second-line vegetable production bases in agricultural areas, such as asparagus in Fengxian, white garlic in Burdock Pixian and Taicang in Lianyungang, wild vegetables and lettuce in Lixiahe in Nanjing suburbs, and tea production bases in hilly areas of Yixing, Liyang and Ningzhen. Nantong, Nanjing, Yangzhou, Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou are the production bases of bonsai for flowers and trees.

tourist resources

Jiangsu has a long history, rich humanities, beautiful landscapes and beautiful scenery. Coupled with a long history, dense cities, developed culture, rich humanities, natural and cultural landscapes set each other off, and places of interest are all over the province.

Suzhou City, with a history of more than 2,500 years, enjoys the reputation of "Venice of the East", with small bridges and flowing water, deep alleys and numerous houses, full of water town sentiment. The water in Jiangsu is also the beauty of rivers and lakes. The Yangtze River runs across the east and west, with a vast surface and a thousand miles of water. The ancient Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through the north and south, Lianyungang has a vast sky, Taihu Lake is misty, Hongze Lake has clear water and blue sky, Yangzhou Slender West Lake, Nanjing Xuanwu Lake, Mochou Lake, Xuzhou yunlong lake and Liyang Tianmu Lake are all famous sightseeing lakes. There are many famous springs in Jiangsu, such as Zhong Ling Spring in Zhenjiang, Huishan Spring in Wuxi and Huqiu Cold Spring in Suzhou. Tangshan Hot Spring in Nanjing; Donghai tangmiao spring, etc. Although the mountains in Jiangsu are not high, they are famous. Zhongshan and Liangqingshan in Nanjing, Beigushan in Zhenjiang, Jinshan and Jiao Shan, Maoshan at the junction of Jurong and Jintan, Langshan in Nantong, Tianpingshan in Suzhou, Lingyan Mountain in Wuxian, Yunlong Mountain in Xuzhou and Huaguoshan in Lianyungang.

Jiangsu basin, like the ancient Yellow River basin, is also one of the cradles of the birth of the Chinese nation. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Yancheng, Wujin is the most intact ancient ground city site in China. The stone carvings and rock paintings on Jiangjun Cliff in Lianyungang reflect the life of agricultural tribes in primitive society. The Buddhist cliff carvings on Kongwang Mountain are 200 years earlier than the famous Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, and are called "the first cave in China". The Chu Tomb of the Western Han Dynasty in Shizishan, southeast of Xuzhou, is magnificent, and the Han Terracotta Warriors and Horses are vivid and varied, which is another great discovery after the painting of the Western Han Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Yangjiawan, Xianyang and the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Lintong. The Thousand-Buddha Rock in Qixia Mountain has the reputation of "Southern Yungang". Nanjing Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Ming Mausoleum and Yuhuatai. Zhou Enlai's former residence in Huai 'an, Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall, Xuzhou Huaihai Campaign Martyrs Cemetery.

There are so many famous ancient capitals and historical sites with different historical periods and styles, as well as the special charm of Jiangnan, which makes Jiangsu one of the seven key tourist provinces in China. At present, there are 3 national forest parks, 5 provincial forest ecological nature reserves, 2 national wildlife nature reserves, 4 national scenic spots, 9 provincial scenic spots and 29 national key protection units in the province. Nanjing, Suzhou, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Xuzhou, Huai 'an and Changshu have been identified as national historical and cultural cities.

Local characteristics and specialties

Local specialties: Jiangsu specialties are colorful and dazzling. "Lianyungang Oriental Shrimp" with thin shell and clear color, is big, fat and delicious. Zhenjiang balsamic vinegar has been produced for hundreds of years, with rich color, fresh taste, fragrant but slightly sweet, sour but not astringent. Biluochun tea, one of the famous teas in China 10, is the best in green tea. Nanjing salted duck is pickled from Gaoyou and local duck, which has a history of more than 500 years and is famous for its tender meat, fat and delicious. Jianghu products include "Three Treasures of Taihu Lake", whitebait in Taihu Lake and water shield; Three delicacies in the Yangtze River: shad, swordfish (also known as bonito) and puffer fish. The hairy crabs in Yangcheng Lake are known as "the king of crabs". Huangqiao town's "Huangqiao sesame seed cake" in Taixing, dried bean curd with old oil in He Qiao, Fuchun steamed stuffed bun in Yangzhou, Suzhou-style cakes and snacks from Confucius Temple beside Qinhuai River in Nanjing are all famous flavor foods in Jiangsu.

The traditional folk crafts in Jiangsu are diverse and have many unique features. China is the "Three Famous Brocade", followed by Jiangsu, Nanjing Yunjin and Suzhou Jin Song. Wuxi Huishan clay figurine, the traditional product "Daafu" is his masterpiece. Yixing Zisha Ceramics, Yangzhou Jade Carving, Suzhou Embroidery, Nantong Kite, Yangzhou Lacquerware, Changzhou Comb, Nanjing Rainflower Stone, Donghai Crystal, Suzhou Taohuawu Woodcut New Year Pictures and other handicrafts all show the splendid traditional culture of Jiangsu.

Local Cuisine: Jiangsu cuisine is mainly composed of four local flavors: Huaiyang (Huai 'an and Yangzhou), Jinling (Nanjing), Suzhou and Wuxi (Suzhou and Wuxi) and Xu Hai (Xuzhou and Lianyungang). Jiangsu cuisine is good at cooking fresh and fresh water products, with fine materials selection, exquisite craftsmanship and exquisite shape. Stewing, stewing, stewing, steaming and burning are the most common methods. The seasoning is fresh, the sugar is used well, and it is mellow and pleasant. Huaiyang cuisine, also known as Weiyang cuisine and Yangzhou cuisine, is one of the four major cuisines in China. Traditional Huaiyang dishes include: crossing the bridge with generals, stewed lion's head with crab powder, boiled dried silk, stewed Langshan chicken, three-piece duck, lung soup and so on. The representative dishes of Jinling flavor are: salted duck and Ren Mei liver. Traditional dishes with Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou flavor include: squirrel fish, Wuxi meat bones, beggar chicken, stewed bass slices and Taihu whitebait. Xu Hai specialties include Farewell My Concubine, Pei Gong dog meat and Pengcheng fish balls.

Transportation and post and telecommunications

Jiangsu is one of the provinces with convenient transportation in China.

Railway: The main trunk lines in China are beijing-shanghai railway, Longhai Railway and Ningwu Railway, with Nanjing and Xuzhou as railway hubs, connecting the north and the south. The operating mileage of the railway is 757 kilometers, and the extended mileage of the main line 1440 kilometers. Beijing-shanghai railway speeds up, and now the maximum speed of the train reaches 140km, and the average speed exceeds 100km.

Highway: The province's highway is 2933 1 km, including 2400 km in expressway and the density in expressway ranks first in China. Grade highway 256 10 km, first-class highway 1942 km. 99% of towns and 90% of villages in this province have highways.

Water transport: Jiangsu is a famous hometown of boats in China. Ancient water transport was relatively developed. Now it has 23,908 kilometers of inland waterway, including 6,329 kilometers of grade waterway, ranking first in the country. There are many berths and passenger stations in inland ports. There are a number of ports open to the outside world, such as Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Zhangjiagang, Nantong, Lianyungang, Yangzhou, Gaogang, Jiangyin, Changshu and Taicang. The annual throughput of this port exceeds 300 million tons.

Aviation: There are 9 airports in the province, including Nanjing University Campus, Wuxi Shuofang, Changzhou Niu Ben, Suzhou Guangfu and Lianyungang Baitafu, as well as the newly-built Nanjing Lukou International Airport. There are 62 navigation routes, with 3 16 departures per week, connecting 36 domestic cities and coastal open areas; Opened the route from Nanjing to Hong Kong.

At present, Jiangsu Province takes roads and railways as the main skeleton, the Yangtze River, the Grand Canal and the coast as the main passages, and the central port as the hub. Various modes of transportation are connected with each other, and a comprehensive transportation system with relatively complete functions has taken shape.

post and telecommunications

Jiangsu is one of the birthplaces of China post and telecommunications, and Gaoyou Chuantong is the oldest post station in China. The comprehensive communication strength of 14 local post offices and 20 directly affiliated units under the jurisdiction of the provincial post and telecommunications administration ranks second in the country. The capacity of local telephone exchange is 12923700, and the number of telephone users is 13005200, ranking second in the country. Mobile communication covers the whole province and realizes automatic roaming with most areas of 3 1 provinces and cities nationwide. There are 3,039,500 wireless paging users, ranking third in the country.

Science education, culture and health

Jiangsu is a relatively developed area in China, with a developed science and technology career and a huge reserve of scientific and technological talents. There are 66 institutions of higher learning and 2 18 technical secondary schools. There are 895 ordinary high schools and 48 adult colleges and universities. The total number of people engaged in scientific and technological activities in the province is 3 1.4 million, and there are 3 1.9 scientific research and development institutions. The province relies on science and technology to promote economic construction and improve economic benefits. 1998 Jiangsu Province has 46 academicians of China Academy of Sciences, accounting for 6.7% of the total number of academicians of the two academies, and has won 47 national scientific and technological progress awards, including 2 national invention awards and 45 national scientific and technological progress awards; Won 299 provincial-level scientific and technological progress awards, and is in a leading position in the country.

Health undertakings have been further developed and medical and health conditions have been greatly improved. There are 13364 health institutions in the province, with170,000 beds and 257,000 health technicians. A relatively sound medical and health network has been initially formed, and the basic medical care for urban and rural residents has been well guaranteed.

cultural heritage

★ Suzhou classical gardens

Suzhou city has a long history. Private gardens were built in the 6th century BC, especially in the Ming Dynasty. At the end of Qing Dynasty, there were more than 70 gardens/kloc-0 inside and outside the city. It won the title of "Garden City" for Suzhou. There are more than ten famous gardens, among which Canglang Pavilion, Lion Forest, Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Xiyuan Garden, Master of Nets Garden and Yiyuan Garden are famous. Suzhou gardens cover a small area, and the artistic techniques adopted are endless and eclectic. With the interest of flowers and birds in China landscape and the artistic conception of Tang poetry and Song poetry, pavilions, ponds and bridges are decorated with rockeries and trees in a limited space, which makes Suzhou gardens win by scenery, and the scenery between gardens is different, giving people an artistic effect of seeing the big from the small. Humble Administrator's Garden enjoys the reputation of "the essence of famous gardens in the south of the Yangtze River". Suzhou classical gardens, inherited from Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, have their own natural, historical, cultural and artistic characteristics.

Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master of Nets Garden, Huanxiu Mountain Villa, Lion Forest, Canglang Pavilion, Art Garden, Lovers Garden and Retreat Garden.

★ Nanjing Ming Mausoleum

On July 3rd, 2003, the 27th UNESCO World Heritage Conference decided that Nanjing Ming Tombs and Changping Ming Tombs were the expansion projects of imperial tombs of the ming and qing dynasties.

The Ming Tombs play Mount Everest in Dulong Mansion at the southern foot of Zijinshan Mountain in the eastern suburb of Nanjing, and on the west side of Maoshan Mountain, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and Ma Shi, the empress, are buried here. Fiona Fang was built in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, with a total length of 45 miles and a large scale, which lasted more than 30 years from construction to burial. The Ming tombs have experienced many vicissitudes and been destroyed repeatedly. At present, the only buildings left are the Monument Pavilion (Sifang City), Shinto, Monument Hall, Appreciation Hall (Xiaoling Hall), Fangcheng, Minglou and Baoding, which is one of the largest imperial tombs in China.

★ Intangible cultural heritage-Kunqu Opera

Kunqu Opera originated in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, with a history of more than 600 years. It is the oldest existing opera form in China and even the world. It has a long artistic tradition and is a treasure of traditional art in China. ..

Kunqu Opera's artistic repertoire is rich and colorful, its language is gorgeous and elegant, its melody is elegant and graceful, its dance is exquisite and graceful, its martial arts are outstanding, its performance is sincere and poetic, and its painting style is integrated with drama, literature, music and dance, which occupies an important position in the history of China literature, drama, music and dance. Kunqu Opera has a far-reaching influence on later Peking Opera and many local operas, so it is known as the representative of China national opera, the father and teacher of hundreds of operas, and the master of China opera art.

Kunqu Opera's artistic achievements and its unique cultural value transcend national boundaries and nations, and are recognized and appreciated by all mankind, which is the spiritual and cultural wealth shared by all mankind. On 2001May 18, China Kunqu Opera was declared by UNESCO as the world's first representative of human oral and intangible heritage.

In the long-term performance practice, Kunqu opera has accumulated a large number of stage plays. Among them, Wang Shizhen's Feng Mingji, Tang Xianzu's Peony Pavilion, Zi Chai Ji, Han Han's Han Han Ji, Conan Ji, Shen Jing's Yi, etc. There are also Hosta, Kite Mistake by Li Yu, Fifteen Passes by Zhu, Peach Blossom Fan by Kong, Palace of Eternal Life by Hong Sheng, and other famous passbook dramas, such as Dream in the Garden, Yangguan, Sanzui and Qiu Jiang.

The music of Kunqu Opera belongs to the antithetical couplet structure, referred to as "Qupai Style". According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 1000 kinds of qupai used, including ancient song and dance music, Daqu and Ci tune in Tang and Song Dynasties, aria and Zhu Gong tune in Song Dynasty, folk songs and ethnic minority songs. Based on southern music, it used several sets of northern music, and composed music in such ways as "offending the tune", "borrowing the palace" and "picking songs".

The accompaniment instruments of Kunqu Opera are mainly Sheng, Xiao, Suona, Sanxian and Pipa (percussion instruments can be used).

The performance of Kunqu Opera also has its own unique system and style. Its greatest characteristics are strong lyricism, delicate movements and ingenious and harmonious combination of song and dance.

Postal codes in Jiangsu:

The postal code of the area where the name of the city or county belongs.

Nanjing Nanjing 2 10000

Jiangning District, Nanjing 2 1 1 100

Nanjing 2 1 1200, Lishui County

Nanjing Gaochun County 2 1 1300

Nanjing, Luhe County 2 1 1500

Jiangpu County, Nanjing 2 1 1800

Xuzhou City Xuzhou 22 1000

Xuzhou, Pizhou 22 1300

Xuzhou, xinyi city 22 1400

Tongshan county Xuzhou 22 1 1 12

Xuzhou 22 1200, Suining County

Xuzhou Peixian 22 1600

Xuzhou Fengxian 22 1700

Lianyungang Lianyungang 22000

Lianyungang Ganyu County 222 100

Guanyun County, Lianyungang City 222200

Lianyungang, Donghai County 222300

Lianyungang, guannan county 222500

Huaian city

Huaian 223200, Chuzhou District

Huai 'an Huaiyin District 223000

Huaian 223400, Lianshui County

Huai 'an 223 100, Hongze County

Huai 'an City, Jinhu County 2 1 1600

Huai 'an 2 1 1700 in Xuyi County

Suqian 223800

Suqian 22380 1

Suqian, Shuyang County 223600

Suqian 223700, Siyang County

Sihong Suqian 223900

Yancheng Yancheng 224000

Dongtai Yancheng 224200

Dafeng Yancheng 224 100

Yancheng, Du Yan County 224022

Yancheng, jianhu county 224700

Yancheng, Xiangshui County 224600

Yancheng, Sheyang County 224300

Yancheng, Funing County 224400

Yancheng, Binhai County 224500

Yangzhou City Yangzhou 225000

Gaoyou Yangzhou 225600

Yangzhou 225200, Jiangdu City

Yizheng Yangzhou 2 1 1400

Xupu Yangzhou 2 1 1900

225 100, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou City

Baoying County, Yangzhou 225800

Taizhou Taizhou 225300

Taizhou Taixing 225400

225500 Jiangyan City, Taizhou

Jingjiang Taizhou 2 14500

Taizhou, xinghua city 225700

Nantong 226000, Nantong City

Rugao Nantong 226500

Nantong 226300, Tongzhou City

Haimen Nantong 226 100

Nantong 226200, Qidong City

Nantong 226600, Hai 'an County

Nantong, Rudong County 226400

Zhenjiang Zhenjiang 2 12000

Yangzhong Zhenjiang 2 12200

Danyang Zhenjiang 2 12300

Zhenjiang, jurong city 2 12400

Zhenjiang 2 12 100, Dantu County

Changzhou Changzhou 2 13000

Changzhou, Wujin 2 13 100

Jintan Changzhou 2 13200

Changzhou, liyang city 2 13300

Wuxi Wuxi 2 14000

Wuxi, Yixing 2 14200

Jiangyin Wuxi 2 14400

Suzhou Suzhou 2 15000

Wujiang Suzhou 2 15200

Suzhou, Kunshan 2 15300

Suzhou Taicang 2 15400

Changshu Suzhou 2 15500

Suzhou, Zhangjiagang 2 15600

Jiangsu area code:

Area code place name

Nanjing, Liuhe, Jiangning, Jiangpu, Gaochun and Lishui

05 10 Wuxi, Wuxi County, Jiangyin and Yixing

05 1 1 Zhenjiang, Dantu, Danyang, Yangzhong and Jurong

05 12 Suzhou, Wuxian, Wujiang, Changshu, Zhangjiagang, Taicang and Kunshan

05 13 Nantong, Rugao, Rudong, Tongzhou, Haimen, Qidong and Hai 'an.

05 14 Yangzhou, Hanjiang, Jiangdu, Baoying, Gaoyou and Yizheng (Xupu)

05 15 Yancheng, Dongtai, Dafeng, Sheyang, Binhai, Xiangshui, Funing and Jianhu

05 16 Xuzhou, Tongshan, Suining, Pizhou, Xinyi, Peixian and Fengxian

05 17 Huaiyin, Huaiyin County, Huai 'an, Jinhu, Hongze, Lianshui and Xuyi

05 18 Lianyungang, Guanyun, Donghai, Ganyu and Guannan

05 19 Changzhou, Wujin, Jintan and Liyang

0523 Taizhou, Jingjiang, Xinghua, Taixing and Jiangyan

0527 Suqian, Shuyang, Siyang and Sihong

Motor vehicle license plate-letter comparison table

Nanjing asu

Su b Wuxi

Su c Xuzhou

Su d Changzhou

Suzhou Su E Hotel

Su f Nantong

Lianyungang su

Su h Huaiyin

Su j Yancheng

Su k Yangzhou

Su l Zhenjiang

Su m Taizhou

Su n Suqian